Stem cells (SCs) can self-replicate and differentiate into multiple lineages. Organoids, 3D cultures derived from SCs, can replicate the spatial structure and physiological characteristics of organs in vitro. Skin organoids can effectively simulate the physiological structure and function of skin tissue, reliably restoring the natural skin ecology in various in vitro environments. Skin organoids have been employed extensively in skin development and pathology research, offering valuable insights for drug screening. Moreover, they play crucial roles in skin regeneration and tissue repair. This in-depth review explores the construction and applications of skin organoids in wound healing, with a focus on their construction process, including skin appendage integration, and significant advancements in wound-healing research.

Background. There is no clear consensus on the effect of coculture of islets with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on islet function and viability.Methods. We conducted a meta-analysis of relevant studies to evaluate the effect of coculture of islets with MSCs on the function and viability of islets, bothin vitroandin vivo. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for all relevant studies that compared the effect of coculture of islets with MSCs on the function and viability of islets (language of publication: English; reference period: January 2000–May 2019). Data pertaining to islet function and viability, concentrations of some cytokines, andin vivoexperimental outcomes were extracted and compared.Results. Twenty-four articles were included in the meta-analysis. In comparison to islets cultured alone, coculture of islets with MSCs was associated with a significantly higher islet viability [weighted mean difference (WMD), -15.59; -22.34 to -8.83;P<0.00001], insulin level (WMD, -5.74; -9.29 to -2.19;P=0.002), insulin secretion index (WMD, -2.45; -3.70 to -1.21;P=0.0001), and higher concentrations of interleukin-6 (WMD, -1225.66; -2044.47 to -406.86;P=0.003) and vascular endothelial growth factor (WMD, -1.19; -2.25 to -0.14;P=0.03). Direct coculture of islets and MSCs significantly increased islet viability (WMD, -19.82; -26.56 to -13.07;P<0.00001). In thein vivoexperiments, coculture of islets with MSCs induced lower fasting blood glucose level (on postoperative days 21 and 28, WMD, 102.60; 27.14 to 178.05;P=0.008and WMD, 121.19; 49.56 to 192.82;P=0.0009) and better glucose tolerance (blood glucose at 30 minutes after intraperitoneal injection of glucose, WMD, 85.92; 5.33 to 166.51;P=0.04).Conclusion. Coculture of islets with MSCs improves insulin secretory function of islets and enhances islet viability. Direct coculture of two cells significantly increased islet viability. MSC-based strategy may be beneficial for clinical islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes in the future.

Fetal skin in early to mid gestation exhibits scar-free wound healing, however, it loses the regenerative capacity in late gestation and adulthood, where fibrosis predominates. Human keratinocytes (hKCs) and human fibroblasts (hFBs) play critical roles in this process, with early- to mid- gestational hKCs enhancing hFB proliferation and migration. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate wound healing, but their roles in scarless repair remains incompletely disclosed. We isolated hKCs from mid- (22-23 weeks) and late- gestational (33-36 weeks) fetal skin and performed miRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq), identifying seq-14465_x69 as a novel miRNA highly expressed in mid gestation. Bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter assays predicted and validated its targeting of TGF-β/SMADs pathway genes. Functional assays including cell proliferation, migration, and a murine full-thickness wound model determined its effects on proliferation, migration, and fibrosis during wound healing. Seq-14465_x69 suppressed TGF-β2, TGF-βR2, and SMAD3, enhanced hFBs migration while reducing collagen I deposition, and drove accelerated wound closure. Our study revealed seq-14465_x69 as a key miRNA promoting scarless healing by modulating TGF-β/SMADs signaling and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, offering a potential therapeutic target for anti-fibrotic wound management.

Background: This article compared the efficacy and safety of repeat hepatectomy (RH) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (RHCC) from multiple perspectives.Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CNKI from January 2008 to December 2023. We collected all relevant articles and assessed the quality of the data. We analyzed the data for the primary outcomes of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), and secondary outcomes of postoperative complications, recurrence rate, and survival benefit. Subgroup analyses were performed for tumor diameter, patient origin, and publication date.Results: A total of 38 studies were included, comprising 5,339 patients. OS was similar in both groups (HR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84–1.00, P=0.04, Z=2.02), whereas DFS was better in the RH compared with the RFA group (HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.75–0.86, P<0.00001, Z=6.15). The incidence of major complications was lower in the RFA compared with the RH group (OR: 5.06, 95% CI: 3.29–7.81, P3 cm-diameter group. There was no significant difference in OS between the two groups among Chinese or non-Chinse patients; however, DFS was higher in the RH compared with the RFA group among Chinese and non-Chinese patients. There was no significant difference in OS between the two groups in studies published pre-2015 or post-2015 group; however, DFS was superior in the RH compared with the RFA group for both pre-2015 and post-2015 studies.Conclusion: RH may be the first-choice treatment considering the long-term prognosis of patients with RHCC; RFA may be a better alternative in terms of postoperative and economic factors. RH is associated with a better prognosis in patients with tumors ≤3 cm in diameter.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high mortality worldwide. Abnormalities in the ubiquitin proteasome system are considered to contr