Background/Objectives: This study addresses the growing interest in nutritional supplements that improve athletic performance in endurance sports. Previous research suggests that nitrates in beetroot juice enhance blood vessel dilation and oxygen delivery to muscles. However, the effects of these nitrates on cardiopulmonary performance in female athletes remain underexplored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of beetroot juice supplementation on aerobic work capacity in female endurance athletes. Methods: A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) was conducted to assess aerobic work capacity. Eighteen healthy female endurance athletes (22.9 ± 5.6 years) participated in the study. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group (placebo group n = 9), which received a nitrate-free placebo beverage, and the experimental group (beetroot juice group n = 9), which consumed 50 mL of beetroot juice concentrate (~6.2 mmol nitrate) two and a half hours before the second test. Results: The results showed that the beetroot juice group demonstrated significant improvements in minute ventilation (VE), respiratory equivalents (VE/VO₂ and VE/VCO₂), and heart rate (HR) (p < 0.05). Maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂ max) increased by 4.82% in the beetroot juice group (from 35.24 ± 5.07 to 36.94 ± 4.91 mL·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹), whereas a small decrease was observed in the placebo group. Conclusions: These findings indicate that beetroot juice may be an effective ergogenic aid, enhancing oxygen utilization and energy production during exercise in female athletes. In terms of practical applications, beetroot juice could contribute to improved athletic performance and serve as a valuable addition to athletes’ nutritional plans. Future studies should explore the long-term effects, optimal dosages, and duration of supplementation in larger and more diverse populations.

The theory of basic emotions posits that a set of fundamental emotions—happiness, sadness, anger, fear, disgust, and surprise—are associated with universally recognizable facial expressions. One method for studying facial expressions is the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), which allows researchers to measure facial muscles to identify the emotions expressed by participants. Preschool is an important period for the development of kids and their ability to understand emotions. In this stage, children’s physical activity (PA) levels tend to decrease significantly, with children spending more time sedentary, such as sitting for six to eight hours a day and engaging in screen-based activities. The present study aimed to assess the basic emotional states and neutral levels of preschoolers (aged 5–6 years) participating in outdoor activities, using FaceReader (FR) as a facial emotion analysis tool. The results indicate that the outdoor activity intervention had a significant impact on the emotional states of the experimental group (EG), with marked reductions in sadness (p = .002) and disgust (p = .01), as well as significant increases in valence (p = .01) and arousal (p = .004). These findings showed the importance of outdoor activities in reducing negative emotions among preschool-aged children.

The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of beetroot juice on the aerobic capacities of endurance athletes based on the available literature. The use of beetroot juice is recognized as an effective supplement for enhancing athletic performance, as supported by findings from the International Olympic Committee and the Australian Sports Institute. Increased dietary nitrate (NO3−) intake prior to exercise has been shown to positively affect cardiovascular function, muscle strength, and endurance. However, the potential ergogenic effect of beetroot juice in highly trained athletes remains unclear. Within this literature review, 15 studies meeting the selection criteria were analysed, involving a total of 258 participants. Results suggest that the consumption of beetroot juice may improve aerobic capacities across various endurance sports, but the physiological responses and performance improvements may depend on the athlete’s level and training intensity. Further research is needed to better understand the effects of beetroot juice on different sports disciplines and athlete populations.

New recreational companies are founded every year. Recreation companies founded in Latvia are small, so great attention must be paid to creating a company’s identity. The viability of a company depends on whether the consumer will notice it and whether there will be interest in the recreational service offered by the company. Advertising is very important in today’s world, which is shaped by technology and social networks. Advertising should be short and targeted in order to attract and keep the attention of the target audience. Therefore, the following research goal was set – to study the creation of a leisure company’s visual identity (logo) and the impact of the logo on the consumer. During the research, company logos were examined, as well as document content analysis. An analysis of good practices in successful recreation companies was also conducted. During the study, recommendations from several companies and other researchers for creating a successful logo were analyzed. The study identified the elements of visual identity and also explored the significance of the company’s logotype and shape.