Theresimima ampellophaga (Bayle-Barelle, 1808) was known from only three sites in North Macedonia and has never been considered as a pest of grapevine in this territory. The last time it was recorded in North Macedonia about 80 years ago. Traps baited with synthetic sex attractant EFETOV-2 (racemic mixture of (2R)-butyl 2-dodecenoate and (2S)-butyl 2-dodecenoate) were set at two localities near Ohrid Lake at Trebenishta village and between Ljubanishta village and Sveti Naum Monastery in 2016, in Vardar river valley near Demir Kapija in 2017 and near Dojran Lake in 2018. In North Macedonia sex attractants were used for the detection of this species for the first time. We recorded Th. ampellophaga in traps at all four monitored localities.

A new species, Dyscia intermedia sp. n., is described from the Balkan Peninsula, Serbia. Dyscia intermedia sp. n. differs from the other European members of the genus Dyscia Hübner, 1825 notably in the male genitalia, including the everted vesica. The new species is very similar in appearance to Dyscia raunaria (Freyer, 1851) and Dyscia royaria Tautel & Billi, 2006 and rather less so to Dyscia conspersaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775), but the differences in the genitalia are sharply prominent and constant and after examination of genitalia these species can be easily split. The differences in the genital features between the new species and D. raunaria and D. conspersaria are more prominent than between D. raunaria and D. royaria. Dyscia intermedia sp. n. is potentially an endemic species, found in three closely situated localities in eastern Serbia.

One species Caradrina draudti (Boursin, 1936) is reported here as a new for continental Europe, one species is new for the Balkan Peninsula and Bulgaria, one species is confirmed for the Balkan Peninsula, two species are new for the Republic of North Macedonia and two others are reported for the second time from this country. One species is new for Serbia; another one is reported for the second time from Serbia. Six genera and 18 species are new for Albania and 4 species are reported for the second time from this country. Three genera and six species are new for Montenegro. Data for some other interesting species and species of conservation value are also presented. Most specimens are collected at light in 2019. With illustrations of specimens and their genitalia when necessary. With new taxonomical notes for Charissa pentheri (Rebel, 1901).

The first occurrence of an invasive pest species, the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in Bulgaria is reported. Different trapping methods (black light trap, traps baited with semiochemical lures, and food attractants) were used to study Noctuidae assemblages in Bulgaria in 2023. Two males of S. frugiperda were caught with sex pheromone traps in maize fields in Knezha, northern Bulgaria, in early November 2023. Additionally, three moths were attracted by black light traps (early November 2023) and one moth by a food lure applied on a tree trunk at the end of October 2023 in the municipalities of Parvomay and Chirpan, southern Bulgaria, respectively. The identification of S. frugiperda was confirmed using morphological and molecular methods.

Here are presented all data of the authors from five nights collecting in western Serbia at four localities. 401 species collected at light from 13 families are reported. Six species: Catoptria pauperellus (Treitschke, 1832), Macaria wauaria (Linnaeus, 1758), Charissa ambiguata (Duponchel, 1830), Charissa graecaria (Staudinger, 1871), Colostygia aptata (Hübner, 1813) and Eupithecia pimpinellata (Hübner, 1813) are new for Serbia. Seven other species are reported for a second time for the country. With illustrations of moths and their genitalia.

New and interesting records of Balkans Lepidoptera are detailed. Holoterpna pruinosata (Staudinger, 1897), recently known in Europe only from Crimea, was re-discovered in the Balkan Peninsula. Idaea sericeata (Hübner, 1813) is shown to be a part of the Balkan fauna. Pabulatrix pabulatricula (Brahm, 1791) is new for the Central Balkans. Two genera and four species are new and six species are reported for the second time for Albania. For Montenegro, one genus and four species are new and four species are recorded for the second time. One genus and four species are new for the Republic of North Macedonia. Three species are new and two are reported for the second time for Serbia. Four species are new to Bulgaria and 11 are reported for the second time. For many other species, third localities are reported for certain countries. For other species we report highest or lowest altitude localities and southernmost/easternmost points of their range. Data for some other interesting species from these countries and Greece are also presented, including new localities for species with poorly known distribution in the Balkan Peninsula and Balkans countries. Illustrations of specimens and their genitalia are given when necessary. Altogether data for 267 species of Lepidoptera are presented here, with 200 figures of habitats, specimens and their genitalia. In addition one Tachinidae (Diptera) parasitoid is new for Albania, and a new host species is reported for it.