Background: Healthy behavior is an essential component in type 2 diabetes (T2D) management. Promoting healthy lifestyle is one of the priorities of primary health care in Oman. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention in promoting physical activity (PA) and healthy diet and its implications on body mass index and glycemic control in adults with diabetes attending primary care. Methods: A one year 1:1 cluster randomized controlled trial will be utilized to compare the use of phone consultations, a multi component interactive phone application and pedometers with the usual diabetes care on promoting PA and healthy diet. Participants will be screened for inactivity and should be T2D, aged18–65 years, and overweight or obese. Eight primary centers will be randomly selected in each arm (n = 375). The primary outcome is the between arms differences in PA and diet scores, BMI and HbA1c over 12 months from baseline. Additionally, secondary outcomes will include cardiovascular outcomes (BP, and lipids). The trial has received ethical approval from the Omani Research and Ethical Review and Approval Committee. All eligible participants will be invited to their respected health centers to provide informed consent. Discussion: This study will contribute to the integration of healthy lifestyle approach using artificial intelligence to primary diabetes care. Results from this study will be disseminated through workshops, policy briefs, and peer-reviewed publications, local and international conferences. Trial registration: Trial registration number ISRCTN71889430. Date applied: 28/11/2020. Date assigned: 01/12/2020.

The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into patient diagnosis and management is a topic of significant debate, presenting both groundbreaking opportunities and substantial challenges. This manuscript summarizes the proceedings of a debate held at the Royal Hospital, a central tertiary care facility in Oman, exploring the multifaceted impact of AI on healthcare, specifically patient care. The proponents highlighted AI’s potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy, personalize treatment plans, and improve overall healthcare efficiency. Conversely, the opponents raised critical concerns about ethical issues, patient privacy, potential errors, and the risk of job displacement among healthcare professionals. Through a balanced critique of both perspectives, this discussion aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the benefits and drawbacks of AI in patient care, emphasizing the importance of careful implementation, ethical considerations, and ongoing research to ensure that AI technology augments, rather than compromises, the quality of healthcare delivery.