Sofia Kovaleva

Ms. Sofia Kovaleva


Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

2Years (2025-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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10 January 2025 in Vaccines
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
PDF file
ASAnna-Polina Shurygina
Anna-Polina Shurygina
MSMarina Shuklina
Marina Shuklina
OOOlga Olegovna Ozhereleva
Olga Olegovna Ozhereleva
EREkaterina Andreevna Romanovskaya-Romanko
Ekaterina Andreevna Romanovskaya-Romanko
SKSofia Kovaleva
Sofia Kovaleva
SMStukova Marina
Stukova Marina
Background: Influenza viruses with truncated NS1 proteins show promise as viral vectors and candidates for mucosal universal influenza vaccines. These mutant NS1 viruses, which lack the N-terminal half of the NS1 protein (124 a.a.), are unable to antagonise the innate immune response. This creates a self-adjuvant effect enhancing heterologous protection by inducing a robust CD8+ T-cell response together with immunoregulatory mechanisms. However, the effects of NS1 modifications on T-follicular helper (Tfh) and B-cell responses remain less understood. Methods: C57bl/6 mice were immunised intranasally with 10 μL of either an influenza virus containing a truncated NS1 protein (PR8/NS124), a cold-adapted influenza virus with a full-length NS1 (caPR8/NSfull), or a wild-type virus (PR8/NSfull). Immune responses were assessed on days 8 and 28 post-immunisation by flow cytometry, ELISA, and HAI assay. Results: In this study, we demonstrate that intranasal immunisation with PR8/NS124 significantly increases tissue-resident CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the lungs and activates Tfh cells in regional lymph nodes as early as day 8 post-immunisation. These effects are not observed in mice immunised with caPR8/NSfull or PR8/NSfull. Notably, PR8/NS124 immunisation also leads to the development of inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) in the lungs by day 28, characterised by the presence of antigen-specific Tfh cells and GL7+Fas+ germinal centre B cells. Conclusions: Our findings further underscore the potential of NS1-truncated influenza viruses to drive robust mucosal immune responses and enhance vaccine efficacy.