(1) Background: Understanding the distribution of Salmonella serovars in food, animals, and their environments is crucial for identifying infection sources and monitoring pathogen prevalence in the food chain. This study analysed Salmonella serovars in Poland from 2016 to 2020, focusing on their epidemiological significance. (2) Methods: Isolation of Salmonella was carried out following PN-EN ISO 6579 standards, and serotyping was performed using the White–Kauffmann–Le Minor scheme. A total of 7104 isolates were collected from food-producing animals, their environments, food of animal origin, feedingstuffs, and fertilisers. (3) Results: A total of 175 serovars were identified, with S. Enteritidis (n = 2905; 40.9%), S. Infantis (n = 1167; 16.4%), and S. Typhimurium (n = 360; 5.1%) being the most prevalent. Species-specific patterns were observed: S. Enteritidis dominated in chickens, ducks, and cattle; S. Kentucky in turkeys; S. Typhimurium in geese; and monophasic S. Typhimurium in pigs. S. Enteritidis and S. Infantis were most frequent in food of animal origin, especially broiler meat. In feedingstuffs, S. Agona was predominant, while fertilisers mostly contained S. Derby and S. Infantis. (4) Conclusions: The study highlights the source-dependent variety of Salmonella serovars and the importance of serotyping in tracing infection routes and preventing the spread of pathogens. Identifying the most common serovars supports the development of targeted preventive measures, including improved biosecurity, hygiene, and management practices to enhance food safety.

Bordetella trematum is a rare member of the genus Bordetella, primarily associated with human wound infections rather than respiratory diseases. The bacterium has been isolated from various clinical specimens, including ear inflammatory discharge, diabetic ulcers, and chronic wounds. The study aimed to characterize the genomes and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of B. trematum obtained from the fecal samples of asymptomatic highland eyelash pit vipers (Bothriechis schlegelii). The identification was conducted using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and biochemical tests. AMR was assessed using the microbroth dilution method, while whole-genome sequencing was performed on the Illumina NextSeq platform. The isolates displayed characteristic B. trematum biochemical features and demonstrated a resistance to cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim, while one also exhibited a resistance to ceftazidime. The whole-genome sequencing and comparison with limited public data revealed a high diversity within B. trematum, reaching >48,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), with 64 SNP differentiating tested snake isolates and thus, being considered epidemiologically unrelated. This is the first report of B. trematum isolated from an animal source in Europe. The findings provide valuable insights into this rare bacterium’s phenotypic and genomic characteristics, addressing an important knowledge gap in its ecology and AMR profile.