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Kai Wen
China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Distribution Technology, Beijing, 102249, China

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Journal article
Published: 24 August 2021 in ISA Transactions
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This paper proposes a digital twin solution for unsteady flow state estimation in a pumping station. Digital twin is expected to accurately estimate the real-time hydraulic parameters of blind spots of the pumping station system even under some adverse conditions including the interference of observation noise and model parameters drift. To solve these challenges, a digital twin framework integrating the model-driven method, control theory and data-driven method is presented. In this framework, an unsteady flow state estimation method combining frequency domain analysis and generalized predictive control theory is developed for the first time, which is superior to traditional time-domain numerical discrete methods in terms of computational efficiency and anti-noise interference. In the model parameter calibration process, the novelty concerns modeling of the optimization problem considering the dynamic operation control of the station and unsteady flow of pipelines. And this process is accomplished through the comprehensive application of the model-free adaptive control algorithm, the transient flow model and the particle swarm optimization algorithm. This work is applied to a pumping station in a product pipeline to verify its effectiveness in estimating the transient flow state of data blind spots and map the dynamic operation behavior under the interference of colored noise and parameter drift.

ACS Style

Lei He; Kai Wen; Jing Gong; Changchun Wu. A multi-model ensemble digital twin solution for real-time unsteady flow state estimation of a pumping station. ISA Transactions 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Lei He, Kai Wen, Jing Gong, Changchun Wu. A multi-model ensemble digital twin solution for real-time unsteady flow state estimation of a pumping station. ISA Transactions. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lei He; Kai Wen; Jing Gong; Changchun Wu. 2021. "A multi-model ensemble digital twin solution for real-time unsteady flow state estimation of a pumping station." ISA Transactions , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 30 January 2019 in Applied Sciences
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With the boost of natural gas consumption, an automatic gas pipeline scheduling method is required to replace the dispatchers in decision making. Since the state space model is the fundamental work of modern control theory, it is possible that the classical controller synthesis method can be used for the complicated gas pipeline controller design. In this paper, a cascade control algorithm is proposed based on the state space model that is used for the transient flow simulation of the natural gas pipelines. A linear quadratic regulator is designed following the classical optimal control theory. Finally, the transient process with different control methods shows the effectiveness of the cascade control using information of the entire pipeline. According to the hardware configuration of natural gas pipelines, automatic scheduling process is ready to deploy as one step to the intelligent natural gas pipelines.

ACS Style

Kai Wen; Jing Gong; Yan Wu. The Cascade Control of Natural Gas Pipeline Systems. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 481 .

AMA Style

Kai Wen, Jing Gong, Yan Wu. The Cascade Control of Natural Gas Pipeline Systems. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (3):481.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kai Wen; Jing Gong; Yan Wu. 2019. "The Cascade Control of Natural Gas Pipeline Systems." Applied Sciences 9, no. 3: 481.

Journal article
Published: 30 July 2018 in Energies
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Many algorithms and numerical methods, such as implicit and explicit finite differences and the method of characteristics, have been applied for transient flow in gas pipelines. From a computational point of view, the state space model is an effective method for solving complex transient problems in pipelines. However, the impulse output of the existing models is not the actual behavior of the pipeline. In this paper, a new lumped parameter model is proposed to describe the inertial nature of pipelines with inlet/outlet pressure and flow rate as outer variables in the state space. Starting from the basic mechanistic partial differential equations of the general one-dimensional compressible gas flow dynamics under isothermal conditions, the transfer functions are first acquired as the fundamental work. With Taylor-expansion and a transformation procedure, the inertia state space models are derived with proper simplification. Finally, three examples are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. With the model, a real-time automatic scheduling scheme of the natural gas pipeline could be possible in the future.

ACS Style

Kai Wen; Zijie Xia; Weichao Yu; Jing Gong. A New Lumped Parameter Model for Natural Gas Pipelines in State Space. Energies 2018, 11, 1971 .

AMA Style

Kai Wen, Zijie Xia, Weichao Yu, Jing Gong. A New Lumped Parameter Model for Natural Gas Pipelines in State Space. Energies. 2018; 11 (8):1971.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kai Wen; Zijie Xia; Weichao Yu; Jing Gong. 2018. "A New Lumped Parameter Model for Natural Gas Pipelines in State Space." Energies 11, no. 8: 1971.

Journal article
Published: 09 May 2018 in Energies
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The use of 0.8 design factor in Chinese pipeline industry is a breakthrough with the success of the test pipe section in the west–east China gas pipeline III. For such a design factor, the traditional P-V (Pressure-Volume) curve based pressure test control cannot describe the details of the process, and the 0/1 type failure is not an efficient index to show the safety level of the pipeline. In this paper, a reliability based assessment method is proposed to monitor the real-time failure probability of the pipeline during the hydrostatic test process. The reliability index can be used as the degree of risk. Following the actual hydrostatic testing of a test pipe section with 0.8 design factor in the west–east China gas pipeline III, reliability analysis was performed using Monte Carlo technique. The basic values of input parameters of the limit state equations are based on the data collected from either the tested section or the recommended value in the codes. The analysis of limit states, i.e., the yielding deformation and the excessive plastic deformation of pipeline, proceeded based on these distributions. Finally, it is found that the gradually increased water pressure makes the failure probability increase accordingly. A reliability assessment method was proposed and illustrated with the practical pressure test process.

ACS Style

Kai Wen; Lei He; Weichao Yu; Jing Gong. A Reliability Assessment of the Hydrostatic Test of Pipeline with 0.8 Design Factor in the West–East China Natural Gas Pipeline III. Energies 2018, 11, 1197 .

AMA Style

Kai Wen, Lei He, Weichao Yu, Jing Gong. A Reliability Assessment of the Hydrostatic Test of Pipeline with 0.8 Design Factor in the West–East China Natural Gas Pipeline III. Energies. 2018; 11 (5):1197.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kai Wen; Lei He; Weichao Yu; Jing Gong. 2018. "A Reliability Assessment of the Hydrostatic Test of Pipeline with 0.8 Design Factor in the West–East China Natural Gas Pipeline III." Energies 11, no. 5: 1197.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2010 in Systems & Control Letters
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This paper studies the problem of L2 stability of a system with distributed heterogeneous dynamic nodes (or subsystems) that are connected by static nonlinear links. Both the heterogeneities of the subsystems and the nonlinearities of the interconnections are considered. First, a sufficient and necessary condition is given, which shows the equivalence between the L2 stability and an integral quadratic inequality defined by a specially structured operator. Then, under the assumption that the nonlinearities of the interconnections satisfy the sector conditions, an algebraic constraint on the interconnection is established. Based on this, a sufficient condition that the system is finite-gain L2 stable is obtained. For the case of linear time invariant (LTI) subsystems, a frequency domain condition is given, which is numerically solvable by using the Kalman–Yakubovic–Popov (KYP) lemma. Finally, a numerical example is included to demonstrate the use of the results obtained.

ACS Style

Kai Wen; Zhiyong Geng. Stability of distributed heterogeneous systems with static nonlinear interconnections. Systems & Control Letters 2010, 59, 680 -686.

AMA Style

Kai Wen, Zhiyong Geng. Stability of distributed heterogeneous systems with static nonlinear interconnections. Systems & Control Letters. 2010; 59 (11):680-686.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kai Wen; Zhiyong Geng. 2010. "Stability of distributed heterogeneous systems with static nonlinear interconnections." Systems & Control Letters 59, no. 11: 680-686.