In this study, the advantages and disadvantages of Ilizarov external fixator in the treatment of long bone fractures in calves were investigated. For this purpose, 26 calves of different breeds, ages and genders, having metacarpal (n = 12), metatarsal (n = 5) and antebrachial (n = 9) fractures underwent surgery under general anaesthesia. Frames, which were prepared before surgery in accordance with the radiographic findings, were applied under open reduction in 18 cases, and under closed reduction in eight cases. In the postoperative period, all calves except one started to bear some weigh on the injured limb on the first day, while the remaining calf did the same on the second day. The consolidation started in the first 2 weeks for 24 of the calves and was completed by the day 55. In the two remaining cases, it started in the third week and was completed on day 71 and day 90, respectively.The soft tissue wounds were completely healed in all calves and no complications occurred. In five calves that were not kept in our clinic pin tract infections formed. They were controlled rapidly, and there was no change in the fracture reduction or healing duration.In conclusion, in our study, the Ilizarov external fixator system was applied to long bone fractures in cattle calves, in cases where the fragments were not large enough to apply pins and plates, and which became open and infected after defective bandage practices or unsuitable treatment. Fractures completely healed in all cases, without any complications. These results show that many of the long bone fractures experienced by calves, that were considered for amputation due to the anticipated inability to treat them successfully, could be treated with the use of the Ilizarov system.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) cause significant complications in?the postoperative period in?veterinary surgeries. Determining the aetiology of?infections is?crucial for increasing treatment success rates. This study aims to?assess treatment...

Infectious keratoconjunctivitis is an infectious disease that negatively affects animal welfare causing systemic or local clinical signs in small ruminants and causes significant economic losses in herds. It is important to determine the etiologic agent causing the infection in the development of the protection and control strategies against the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of infectious keratoconjunctivitis cases in small ruminants raised in Siirt province in T & uuml;rkiye. Infectious keratoconjunctivitis was graded according to the symptoms determined by clinical examination. The presence of Chlamydia spp., Mycoplasma spp. and Moraxella ovis was investigated by PCR in swab samples obtained from the animals with keratoconjunctivitis. Infectious keratoconjunctivitis was detected in 263 (19.86%) of 1324 animals examined in the study. Of the animals with infectious keratoconjunctivitis, 163 (61.97%) were sheep and 100 (38.02%) were goats. The detection rate of infectious keratoconjunctivitis was higher in sheep than goats. In 56 (21.29%), 109 (41.44%), 67 (25.47%), and 31 (11.78%) of the cases, findings of stage 1, 2, 3, and 4 infectious keratoconjunctivitis were detected, respectively. Of the eye swab samples taken from 263 animals with infectious keratoconjunctivitis, 5 (1.90%) were positive for Mycoplasma spp. and 6 (2.28%) were positive for M. ovis. It was determined that the distribution of the bacterial agents varied according to the stage of infectious keratoconjunctivitis. No statistically significant correlation was found in the distribution of bacterial agents among identified samples according to species, sex, age, and infectious keratoconjunctivitis stage of the animals. It was thought that the data obtained in the study would contribute to the studies for protection and control by determining the incidence and aetiology of infectious keratoconjunctivitis cases observed in small ruminants.

In this research, the clinical and radiological findings after the treatment of distal femoral fractures in cats using hybrid external fixator were evaluated. The research material consisted of totally 10 cats with different ages, races and sexes that were clinically diagnosed with femoral fracture. Hybrid external fixators configured by both circular and linear fixators were used as osteosynthesis materials in the study. Two cases with closed fractures were applied with closed reduction and external fixation methods whereas 8 cases diagnosed with open fracture or excessive dislocation underwent limited open reduction and external fixation. The radiological examination findings revealed that fracture consolidation started on the postoperative 7th and 10th days in 9 and 1 cases, respectively. Bone healing was completed (formation of osseous callus was detected) in 4, 5 and 6 weeks in 2, 2 and 6 cases, respectively. The fixators of all the patients were removed 1 week after completion of healing. In the study, soft tissue complications such as edema of the related extremity, mild pin-base infection and open fracture wound were determined in 3, 3 and 4 cases, respectively. However, these complications were found not to negatively affect the healing time of the fractures. As a consequence, it was concluded according to the data obtained from this study that distal femoral fractures in the cats within the age and weight range of the study can be successfully treated using hybrid external fixator method

A 2-year-old, male, weighing 2.4 kg, crossbred cat was brought to Siirt University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Clinic of Surgery Department, due to traffic accident. A diffuse, palpable, painless swelling was detected under the skin on the area starting from the right cranio-lateral abdomen to the right cranio-lateral thorax. In the orthopedic examination, there was pain in the pelvic region and asymmetry at the right coxa-femoral joint. In the radiological examination of the thorax and abdomen, there was damage to the right lateral thoracoabdominal muscle in abdominal region. There were also fractures in the sternum and pelvis and a diffuse interstitial lung pattern in the right coxa-femoral luxation and the lungs. In the ultrasonographic examination, intestinal segments within the swelling at the line of the right lateral thorax were monitored. Ventral median laparotomy was performed on the patient under general anesthesia. Herniated intestines at the right paracostal region were placed back into the abdominal cavity and herniorrhaphy was performed. The abdominal cavity was closed according to the technique. As a result, paracostal hernia is a pathology that is rarely seen in cats after being hit by a car. Many operative techniques have been defined in hernia treatment. Median laparotomy was preferred for our patient and the hernia was treated successfully. This case report was prepared in order to contribute to our colleagues.

This retrospective study analyzed the prevalence, etiology, and treatment methods of limb fractures in 288 cats that were admitted to the XXXX University Animal Health Application and Research Hospital between 2018 and 2023 with trauma-related fractures. The findings revealed that the most common fractures occurred in the femur (47.91%), tibia-fibula (22.56%), and humerus (11.45%). It was determined that 56.25% of the fractures were caused by unknown traumas, 23.95% by falls, and 19.79% by traffic accidents. In terms of treatment approaches, surgical intervention was preferred in complex cases, while cage rest and medical treatment were chosen for simpler fractures. Surgical treatment was applied in 54.3% of femur fractures and 67.6% of tibia-fibula fractures. These findings highlight that the fracture type and severity are key factors in determining the appropriate treatment strategy for feline limb fractures. The study concludes that developing individualized treatment plans is crucial for effective fracture management and overall patient care.