The thin‐layer chromatographic behavior of new oral antidiabetic drugs, pioglitazone, rosiglitazone, and repaglinide has been investigated. For reversed‐phase (RP) chromatography, chemically bonded cyanopropyl plates with mobile phases comprising 1,4‐dioxane with phosphate buffers were used. The influence of the pH on the separation of the drugs was also examined. Then, a simple, rapid, and stability‐indicating high performance thin‐layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the quantitative determination of pioglitazone in tablets. Analysis was performed with 1,4‐dioxane–phosphate buffer of pH 4.4 (5:5) as the mobile phase. Detection and quantification were performed by classical densitometry at the wavelength of maximum absorption of pioglitazone, 266 nm. A calibration plot was constructed in the range of 0.4–2.4 µg/10 µL and was linear with a good correlation coefficient (r = 0.9957). Precision was validated by replicate analyses of standard solutions, and accuracy by an...

The review presents analytical methods for determination of new oral drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), focusing on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists (glitazones), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (gliptins) and sodium/glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (gliflozins). Drugs derived from prandial glucose regulators, such as glinides, are considered because they are present in some new therapeutic options. The review presents analytical procedures suitable for determination of the drugs in bulk substances, such as pharmaceuticals and biological samples, including HPLC-UV, HPLC/LC-MS, TLC/HPTLC, CE/CE-MS, spectrophotometric (UV/VIS), spectrofluorimetric and electrochemical methods, taken from the literature over the past ten years (2006-2016). Some new procedures for extraction, separation and detection of the drugs, including solid phase extraction with molecularly imprinted polymers (SPE-MIP), liquid phase microextraction using porous hollow fibers (HP-LPME), HILIC chromatography, micellar mobile phases, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and isotopically labeled internal standards, are discussed.

The drug metabolism and drug degradation pathways may overlap, resulting in the formation of similar constituents. Therefore, the metabolism data can be helpful for deriving safe levels of degradation impurities and improving the quality of respective pharmaceutical products. The present article contains considerations on possible links between metabolic and degradation pathways for new antidiabetic drugs such as glutides, gliflozins, and gliptins. Special attention was paid to their reported metabolites and identified degradation products. At the same time, many interesting analytical approaches to conducting metabolism as well as degradation experiments were mentioned, including chromatographic methods and radioactive labeling of the drugs. The review addresses the analytical approaches elaborated for examining the metabolism and degradation pathways of glutides, i.e., glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and gliflozins, i.e., sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. The problems associated with the chromatographic analysis of the peptide compounds (glutides) and the polar drugs (gliflozins) were addressed. Furthermore, issues related to in vitro experiments and the use of stable isotopes were discussed.