Bio Farma has developed a recombinant protein subunit vaccine (IndoVac) that is indicated for active immunization in population of all ages. This article reported the results of the phase 3 immunogenicity and safety study in Indonesian adults aged 18 years and above. We conducted a randomized, active-controlled, multicenter, prospective intervention study to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of IndoVac in adults aged 18 years and above. Participants who were SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-naïve received two doses of either IndoVac or control (Covovax) with 28 days interval between doses and were followed up until 12 months after complete vaccination. A total of 4050 participants were enrolled from June to August 2022 and received at least one dose of vaccine. The geometric mean ratio (GMR) of neutralizing antibody at 14 days after the second dose was 1.01 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.89-1.16), which met the WHO non-inferiority criteria for immunobridging (95 % CI lower bound > 0.67). The antibody levels were maintained through 12 months after the second dose. The incidence rate of adverse events (AEs) were 27.95 % in IndoVac group and 32.15 % in Covovax group with mostly mild intensity (27.70 %). The most reported solicited AEs were pain (14.69 %) followed by myalgia (7.48 %) and fatigue (6.77 %). Unsolicited AEs varied, with each of the incidence rate under 5 %. There were no serious AEs assessed as possibly, probably, or likely related to vaccine. IndoVac in adults showed favourable safety profile and elicited non-inferior immune response to Covovax. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05433285, Indonesian Clinical Research Registry: INA-R5752S9).

Introduction: Antidiabetic medicinal plants are increasingly used in the treatment of diabetes as they are generally assumed to pro-duce minimal side effects. Okra is a quercetin-containing plant which can induce pancreas regeneration and has antidiabetic effect. There has been a lot of research that demonstrate that purple okra contains more quercetin than green okra. Aim: To demonstrate the advantages of purple okra over green okra on the diabetic markers improvement in diabetic rats. Materials and methods: Fifteen male 2-month-old Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with 65 mg streptozotocin and 110 mg niacinamide. Their blood glucose levels were measured three days after the injection. The induction of diabetes was deemed  successful if the glucose level of the rats got higher than 250 mg/dL, and then such rats were considered diabetic. The diabetic rats were divided into three groups: an acarbose group, a purple okra powder group, and a green okra powder group. The latter two were given, respectively, purple and green okra powder for 28 days. Blood serum was taken to examine the fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-B and GLUT-4 levels. Pancreas was examined histologically for damage using hematoxylin eosin staining.  Results: Fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-B, and GLUT-4 levels of diabetic rats that received purple okra powder (p<0.05) were better than those of the rats that received green okra powder. The least damage (p<0.05) to pancreatic beta cells was found in the purple okra powder group. Conclusions: Purple okra is superior to green okra in terms of improving the diabetic markers of rats.