This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Dr. Krzysztof Pokonieczny
Military University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Institute of Geospatial Engineering and Geodesy

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Geoinformatics
0 Spatial Databases
0 machine learning
0 Cartography and GIS
0 passability

Fingerprints

passability
Military terrain assessment
Spatial Databases

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Journal article
Published: 08 July 2021 in Sensors
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The determination of the route of movement is a key factor which enables navigation. In this article, the authors present the methodology of using different resolution terrain passability maps to generate graphs, which allow for the determination of the optimal route between two points. The routes are generated with the use of two commonly used pathfinding algorithms: Dijkstra’s and A-star. The proposed methodology allows for the determination of routes in various variants—A more secure route that avoids all terrain obstacles with a wide curve, or a shorter route, which is, however, more difficult to pass. In order to achieve that, two functions that modify the value of the index of passability (IOP), which is assigned to the primary fields that the passability map consists of, have been used. These functions have a β parameter that augments or reduces the impact of the applied function on IOP values. The paper also shows the possibilities of implementation of the methodology for the movement of single vehicles or unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) by using detailed maps as well as for determining routes for large military operational units moving in a 1 km wide corridor. The obtained results show that the change in β value causes the change of a course of the route as expected and that Dijkstra’s algorithm is more stable and slightly faster than A-star. The area of application of the presented methodology is very wide because, except for planning the movement of unmanned ground vehicles or military units of different sizes, it can be used in crisis management, where the possibility of reaching the area outside the road network can be of key importance for the success of the salvage operation.

ACS Style

Wojciech Dawid; Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Methodology of Using Terrain Passability Maps for Planning the Movement of Troops and Navigation of Unmanned Ground Vehicles. Sensors 2021, 21, 4682 .

AMA Style

Wojciech Dawid, Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Methodology of Using Terrain Passability Maps for Planning the Movement of Troops and Navigation of Unmanned Ground Vehicles. Sensors. 2021; 21 (14):4682.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wojciech Dawid; Krzysztof Pokonieczny. 2021. "Methodology of Using Terrain Passability Maps for Planning the Movement of Troops and Navigation of Unmanned Ground Vehicles." Sensors 21, no. 14: 4682.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2021 in Proceedings of conference GIS Ostrava 2021 Advances in Localization and Navigation
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Wojciech Dawid. Methodology of Using Terrain Passability Maps for Planning the Movement of Troops and Navigation of Unmanned Ground Vehicles. Proceedings of conference GIS Ostrava 2021 Advances in Localization and Navigation 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny, Wojciech Dawid. Methodology of Using Terrain Passability Maps for Planning the Movement of Troops and Navigation of Unmanned Ground Vehicles. Proceedings of conference GIS Ostrava 2021 Advances in Localization and Navigation. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Wojciech Dawid. 2021. "Methodology of Using Terrain Passability Maps for Planning the Movement of Troops and Navigation of Unmanned Ground Vehicles." Proceedings of conference GIS Ostrava 2021 Advances in Localization and Navigation , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 18 December 2020 in Remote Sensing
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In this article, we discuss issues concerning the development of detailed passability maps, which are used in the crisis management process and for military purposes. The paper presents the authorial methodology of the automatic generation of these maps with the use of high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) acquired from airborne laser scanning (light detection and ranging (LIDAR)) and photogrammetric data obtained from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) measurements. The aim of the article is to conduct a detailed comparison of these models in the context of their usage in passability map development. The proposed algorithm of map generation was tested comprehensively in terms of the source of the used spatial data, the resolution, and the types of vehicles moving in terrain. Tests were conducted on areas with a diversified landform, with typical forms of relief that hinder vehicle movement (bluffs and streams). Due to the huge amount of data to be processed, the comprehensive analysis of the possibilities of using DEMs in different configurations of pixel size was executed. This allowed for decreasing the resolution of the model while maintaining the appropriate accuracy properties of the resulting passability map. The obtained results showed insignificant disparities between both sources of used DEMs and demonstrated that using the model with the 2.5 m pixel size did not significantly degrade the accuracy of the passability maps, which has a huge impact on their generation time.

ACS Style

Wojciech Dawid; Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Analysis of the Possibilities of Using Different Resolution Digital Elevation Models in the Study of Microrelief on the Example of Terrain Passability. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 4146 .

AMA Style

Wojciech Dawid, Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Analysis of the Possibilities of Using Different Resolution Digital Elevation Models in the Study of Microrelief on the Example of Terrain Passability. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (24):4146.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wojciech Dawid; Krzysztof Pokonieczny. 2020. "Analysis of the Possibilities of Using Different Resolution Digital Elevation Models in the Study of Microrelief on the Example of Terrain Passability." Remote Sensing 12, no. 24: 4146.

Journal article
Published: 09 December 2020 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The paper presents the methodology for creating variable resolution maps, which was developed by the author and implemented to generate passability maps. These studies are used in military applications and crisis management in order to determine the possibility of crossing the area off-road. They may significantly facilitate the process of planning rescue or search operations. The developed methodology uses source data in the form of a spatial database to generate maps consisting of Voronoi polygons. The proposed solution automates the process of creating such maps, which was realized in practice by developing a dedicated IT system. It served to generate a series of passability maps in various configurations, which were then thoroughly compared. The conducted research demonstrated that variable resolution passability maps may successfully replace maps that consist of sometimes several dozen times higher numbers of primary fields. This enables reducing the amount of data stored in computer memory and shortens the time necessary to access visualization and information analysis on passability maps.

ACS Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. The Methodology of Creating Variable Resolution Maps Based on the Example of Passability Maps. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2020, 9, 738 .

AMA Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. The Methodology of Creating Variable Resolution Maps Based on the Example of Passability Maps. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2020; 9 (12):738.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. 2020. "The Methodology of Creating Variable Resolution Maps Based on the Example of Passability Maps." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 12: 738.

Journal article
Published: 29 June 2020 in Remote Sensing
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Detecting land cover changes requires timely and accurate information, which can be assured by using remotely sensed data and Geographic Information System(GIS). This paper examines spatiotemporal trends in land cover changes in the Polish Baltic coastal zone, especially the urbanisation, loss of agricultural land, afforestation, and deforestation. The dynamics of land cover change and its impact were discussed as the major findings. The analysis revealed that land cover changes on the Polish Baltic coast have been consistent throughout the 1990–2018 period, and in the consecutive inventories of land cover, they have changed faster. As shown in the research, the area of agricultural land was subject to significant change, i.e., about 40% of the initial 8% of the land area in heterogeneous agriculture was either developed or abandoned at about equal rates. Next, the steady growth of the forest and semi-natural area also changed the land cover. The enlargement of the artificial surface was the third observed trend of land cover changes. However, the pace of land cover changes on the Baltic coast is slightly slower than in the rest of Poland and the European average. The region is very diverse both in terms of land cover, types of land transformation, and the pace of change. Hence, the Polish national authorities classified the Baltic coast as an area of strategic intervention requiring additional action to achieve territorial cohesion and the goals of sustainable development.

ACS Style

Elzbieta Bielecka; Agnieszka Jenerowicz; Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Sylwia Borkowska. Land Cover Changes and Flows in the Polish Baltic Coastal Zone: A Qualitative and Quantitative Approach. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 2088 .

AMA Style

Elzbieta Bielecka, Agnieszka Jenerowicz, Krzysztof Pokonieczny, Sylwia Borkowska. Land Cover Changes and Flows in the Polish Baltic Coastal Zone: A Qualitative and Quantitative Approach. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (13):2088.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elzbieta Bielecka; Agnieszka Jenerowicz; Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Sylwia Borkowska. 2020. "Land Cover Changes and Flows in the Polish Baltic Coastal Zone: A Qualitative and Quantitative Approach." Remote Sensing 12, no. 13: 2088.

Journal article
Published: 03 March 2020 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Geodetic networks provide a spatial reference framework for the positioning of any geographical feature in a common and consistent way. An even spatial distribution of geodetic control points assures good quality for subordinate surveys in mapping, cadaster, engineering activities, and many other land administration-oriented applications. We investigate the spatial pattern of geodetic control points based on GIScience theory, especially Tobler’s Laws in Geography. The study makes contributions in both the research and application fields. By utilizing Average Nearest Neighbor, multi-distance spatial cluster analysis, and cluster and outlier analysis, it introduces the comprehensive methodology for ex post analysis of geodetic control points’ spatial patterns as well as the quantification of geodetic networks’ uniformity to regularly dense and regularly thinned. Moreover, it serves as a methodological resource and reference for the Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography, not only the maintenance, but also the further densification or modernization the geodetic network in Poland. Furthermore, the results give surveyors the ability to quickly assess the availability of geodetic points, as well as identify environmental obstacles that may hamper measurements. The results show that the base geodetic control points are evenly dispersed (one point over 50 sq. km), however they tend to cluster slightly in urbanized areas and forests (1.3 and 1.4 points per sq. km, respectively).

ACS Style

Elzbieta Bielecka; Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Sylwia Borkowska. GIScience Theory Based Assessment of Spatial Disparity of Geodetic Control Points Location. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2020, 9, 148 .

AMA Style

Elzbieta Bielecka, Krzysztof Pokonieczny, Sylwia Borkowska. GIScience Theory Based Assessment of Spatial Disparity of Geodetic Control Points Location. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2020; 9 (3):148.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elzbieta Bielecka; Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Sylwia Borkowska. 2020. "GIScience Theory Based Assessment of Spatial Disparity of Geodetic Control Points Location." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 3: 148.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2019 in GeoScape
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The purpose of this article was to present the methodology which enables automatic map labelling. This topic is particularly important in the context of the ongoing research into the full automation of visualization process of spatial data stored in the currently used topographic databases (e.g. OpenStreetMap, Vector Map Level 2, etc.). To carry out this task, the artificial neural network (multilayer perceptron) was used. The Vector Map Level 2 was used as a test database. The data for neural network learning (the reference label localization) was obtained from the military topographic map at scale 1 : 50 000. In the article, the method of applying artificial neural networks to the map labelling is presented. Detailed research was carried out on the basis of labels from the feature class “built-up area”. The results of the analyses revealed that it is possible to use the artificial intelligence computational methods to automate the process of placing labels on maps. The results showed that 65% of the labels were put on the topographic map in the same place as in the case of the labelling which was done manually by a cartographer. The obtained results can contribute both to the enhancement of the quality of cartographic visualization (e.g. in geoportals) and the partial elimination of the human factor in this process. Highlights for public administration, management and planning: • Map label placement is among key variables ensuring the usability of topographic maps across disciplines. • We present the neural network approach for automating the process of labelling topographic maps with locality names. • The presented case study applies to the military map in scale 1:50 000, but can be applied on other maps and geoportals.

ACS Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Sylwia Borkowska. Using artificial neural network for labelling polygon features in topographic maps. GeoScape 2019, 13, 125 -131.

AMA Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny, Sylwia Borkowska. Using artificial neural network for labelling polygon features in topographic maps. GeoScape. 2019; 13 (2):125-131.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Sylwia Borkowska. 2019. "Using artificial neural network for labelling polygon features in topographic maps." GeoScape 13, no. 2: 125-131.

Journal article
Published: 08 October 2019 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In this study, we detected which means of transportation is beneficial from a travel time perspective in specific districts of Warsaw, Poland. To achieve this goal, we proposed a framework to perform a spatial analysis to describe the as-is situation in the city (the state that the situation is in at the present time). The framework contains the following elements: attractiveness analysis, travel time and speed analysis, and potential accessibility analysis. The relationship between the averaged nominal travel speed and the number of residents was also investigated. We used data from a journey planner, as well as land use and population statistics, and employed descriptive analytics. The results are presented as maps of travel times, travel speed, and potential accessibility, as well as scatter plots of dependencies between travel speed and number of residents. Unfortunately, public transportation ranks behind car and bike transport in terms of travel time, speed, and potential accessibility. The largest positive influence on effectiveness of traveling by public transportation is the metro and railway system; also, bikes can perfectly complement the public transportation system. The obtained results can be used to indicate directions of changes in the transportation system of Warsaw.

ACS Style

Albina Mościcka; Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Anna Wilbik; Jakub Wabiński. Transport Accessibility of Warsaw: A Case Study. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5536 .

AMA Style

Albina Mościcka, Krzysztof Pokonieczny, Anna Wilbik, Jakub Wabiński. Transport Accessibility of Warsaw: A Case Study. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (19):5536.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Albina Mościcka; Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Anna Wilbik; Jakub Wabiński. 2019. "Transport Accessibility of Warsaw: A Case Study." Sustainability 11, no. 19: 5536.

Journal article
Published: 22 May 2019 in Remote Sensing
Reads 0
Downloads 0

We describe a comprehensive analysis of the 469 European Global Positioning System (GPS) vertical position time series. The assumptions we present should be employed to perform the post-glacial rebound (PGR)-oriented comparison. We prove that the proper treatment of either deterministic or stochastic components of the time series is indispensable to obtain reliable vertical velocities along with their uncertainties. The statistical significance of the vertical velocities is examined; due to their small vertical rates, 172 velocities from central and western Europe are found to fall below their uncertainties and excluded from analyses. The GPS vertical velocities reach the maximum values for Scandinavia with the maximal uplift equal to 11.0 mm/yr. Moreover, a comparison between the GPS-derived rates and the present-day motion predicted by the newest Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) ICE-6G_C (VM5a) model is provided. We prove that these rates agree at a 0.5 mm/yr level on average; the Sweden area with the most significant uplift observed agrees within 0.2 mm/yr. The largest discrepancies between GIA-predicted uplift and the GPS vertical rates are found for Svalbard; the difference is equal to 6.7 mm/yr and arises mainly from the present-day ice melting. The GPS-derived vertical rates estimated for the southern coast of the Baltic Sea are systematically underestimated by the GIA prediction by up to 2 mm/yr. The northern British Isles vertical rates are overestimated by the GIA model by about 0.5 mm/yr. The area of the Netherlands and the coastal area of Belgium are both subsiding faster than it is predicted by the GIA model of around 1 mm/yr. The inland part of Belgium, Luxemburg and the western part of Germany show strong positive velocities when compared to the GIA model. Most of these stations uplift of more than 1 mm/yr. It may be caused by present-day elastic deformation due to terrestrial hydrology, especially for Rhein basin, or non-tidal atmospheric loading, for Belgium and Luxembourg.

ACS Style

Janusz Bogusz; Anna Klos; Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Optimal Strategy of a GPS Position Time Series Analysis for Post-Glacial Rebound Investigation in Europe. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 1209 .

AMA Style

Janusz Bogusz, Anna Klos, Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Optimal Strategy of a GPS Position Time Series Analysis for Post-Glacial Rebound Investigation in Europe. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (10):1209.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Janusz Bogusz; Anna Klos; Krzysztof Pokonieczny. 2019. "Optimal Strategy of a GPS Position Time Series Analysis for Post-Glacial Rebound Investigation in Europe." Remote Sensing 11, no. 10: 1209.

Conference paper
Published: 01 May 2019 in 2019 International Conference on Military Technologies (ICMT)
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The paper presents an analysis of the possibilities of automated data visualisation with use of GIS servers provided under an Open Source licence – Mapserver and Geoserver. The visualisation process uses a Vector Map Level 2 (VML2) that corresponds, in terms of information content to a Military Topographic Map in a scale of 1:50 000. Data visualisation was performed by means of developing the relevant scripts. The objective was to obtain a visualisation result, that would be as similar as possible to an analogue topographic map of the M755 series. The automated visualisation was analysed by comparing each map symbol, developed in both tested GIS servers and juxtaposing it with the instruction for manual editing M755 series maps. The obtained maps are displayed in form of an interactive geoportal. The authors analysed the time of generating corresponding map fragments at various parameters (area size, number of requests processed simultaneously and the number of required layers). The results of the analysis demonstrate that the discussed GIS servers present the map symbols from the analogue map correctly in more than 90% of cases. The tests of map generating time showed a significant advantage of Geoserver, which was better than the Mapserver software in nearly all cases.

ACS Style

Wojciech Dawid; Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Visualisation of a Military Topographic Spatial Database with use of GIS Servers. 2019 International Conference on Military Technologies (ICMT) 2019, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Wojciech Dawid, Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Visualisation of a Military Topographic Spatial Database with use of GIS Servers. 2019 International Conference on Military Technologies (ICMT). 2019; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wojciech Dawid; Krzysztof Pokonieczny. 2019. "Visualisation of a Military Topographic Spatial Database with use of GIS Servers." 2019 International Conference on Military Technologies (ICMT) , no. : 1-8.

Journal article
Published: 06 November 2018 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The classification of terrain in terms of passability plays a significant role in the process of military terrain assessment. It involves classifying selected terrain to specific classes (GO, SLOW-GO, NO-GO). In this article, the problem of terrain classification to the respective category of passability was solved by applying artificial neural networks (multilayer perceptron) to generate a continuous Index of Passability (IOP). The neural networks defined this factor for primary fields in two sizes (1000 × 1000 m and 100 × 100 m) based on the land cover elements obtained from Vector Smart Map (VMap) Level 2 and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). The work used a feedforward neural network consisting of three layers. The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the reliability of the neural network parameters, taking into account the number of neurons, learning algorithm, activation functions and input data configuration. The studies and tests carried out have shown that a well-trained neural network can automate the process of terrain classification in terms of passability conditions.

ACS Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Use of a Multilayer Perceptron to Automate Terrain Assessment for the Needs of the Armed Forces. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2018, 7, 430 .

AMA Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Use of a Multilayer Perceptron to Automate Terrain Assessment for the Needs of the Armed Forces. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2018; 7 (11):430.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. 2018. "Use of a Multilayer Perceptron to Automate Terrain Assessment for the Needs of the Armed Forces." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 7, no. 11: 430.

Conference paper
Published: 31 July 2018 in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The paper presents the methodology for developing passability maps that may be used for planning the movement of unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs). They were based on a standardised spatial data base in the scale of 1:25 000, created and used by the military forces and a high resolution digital terrain model. Maps were generated for square shaped primary fields. 5 sizes of such fields were used (side length 25, 50, 100, 200 and 500 m). Basing on the ground cover and terrain formation, for each primary field the index of passability (IOP) is calculated, being the terrain resistance coefficient. The obtained maps were compared to each other. As the presented methodology is completely automated, an analysis of the passability maps generation time depending on the size of the primary field was conducted. The obtained results demonstrated that maps that are most useful for planning UGV routes are those generated with use of the smallest primary fields (25 m), as they visualise the most terrain obstacles. The generated maps may be recorded in the UGV memory. As far as completely autonomous structures are concerned, this will enable the algorithms implemented in the vehicle, with the support of other sensors, to determine the optimal route of the UGV.

ACS Style

K Pokonieczny; M Rybansky. Method of developing the maps of passability for unmanned ground vehicles. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018, 169, 012027 .

AMA Style

K Pokonieczny, M Rybansky. Method of developing the maps of passability for unmanned ground vehicles. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2018; 169 (1):012027.

Chicago/Turabian Style

K Pokonieczny; M Rybansky. 2018. "Method of developing the maps of passability for unmanned ground vehicles." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 169, no. 1: 012027.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2018 in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The necessity to divide the analysed area into basic elements, regardless of the administrative division (cells or pixels, also called primary fields), and use them to prepare thematic maps emerged as early as by the end of the 19th century. The automation of map development processes brought a new approach to the function of cells, which made them a carrier that facilitates information processing, and presenting the results of analyses in the form of studies that very often function only in spatial information systems or on the Internet. Cells are currently used to conduct a series of advanced spatial analyses in practically all areas of application. The aim of the presented research was to analyse the influence of the shape and size of cells on the terrain classification results for the purposes of developing military passability maps. The research used the automatic terrain classification method, based on calculating the index of passability, calculated for cells of square, triangular, and hexagonal shapes and of different sizes, ranging from 100 m to 10,000 m. Indices of passability were determined basing on parameters derived from land cover elements that exist in the area of each of the adopted cells. Because of the fact that passability maps are mainly developed for military purposes, the study used a standardised vector spatial database—VMap Level 2. The studies have demonstrated that, if the surface areas of cells are identical, their shapes do not have a significant influence on the resulting passability map. The authors have also determined the sizes of cells that should be adopted for developing passability maps on various levels of accuracy, and, as a consequence, for being used on various levels of command of military troops.

ACS Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Albina Mościcka. The Influence of the Shape and Size of the Cell on Developing Military Passability Maps. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2018, 7, 261 .

AMA Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny, Albina Mościcka. The Influence of the Shape and Size of the Cell on Developing Military Passability Maps. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2018; 7 (7):261.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Albina Mościcka. 2018. "The Influence of the Shape and Size of the Cell on Developing Military Passability Maps." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 7, no. 7: 261.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Geografie
Reads 0
Downloads 0

One of the key elements of military terrain analysis is the classification of terrain in terms of passability. It consists of dividing terrain into three categories: (NO GO, SLOW GO and GO TERRAIN). In this paper, the author presents the comparative analysis of passability maps created with the use of various spatial databases, including: BDOT10k, BDOO, Corine Land Cover, and OSM. They were compared to maps generated based on data included in the Military Geographic Resource (VMap Level 2 and 1). The created maps were then compared with a passability map prepared manually by the operator. In order for the maps to be comparable, an identical algorithm was used to generate them. The research consists of determining the index of passability for a square primary field of various dimensions (side length from 100 m to 5 km). The results demonstrated that “non-military” spatial databases may be successfully used to generate military passability maps.

ACS Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Comparison of land passability maps created with use of different spatial data bases. Geografie 2018, 123, 317 -352.

AMA Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Comparison of land passability maps created with use of different spatial data bases. Geografie. 2018; 123 (3):317-352.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. 2018. "Comparison of land passability maps created with use of different spatial data bases." Geografie 123, no. 3: 317-352.

Conference paper
Published: 24 August 2017 in Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The classification of terrain by its passability plays a significant role in the process of Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield (IPB). In the process of developing passability maps, the classification of terrain to a specific class (GO, SLOW-GO, NO-GO). In this paper the problem of terrain classification to the respective category of passability was solved by the application of Self Organizing Maps by generating a continuous Index of Passability (IOP), which characterizes the terrain in a range from 0 (the impassable area) to 1 (the area of high manoeuvrability). The article describes the methodology of using this type of network to develop a terrain passability map. As a “case of use”, three voivodeships located in the north-eastern part of Poland were selected. To prepare a training set, topographic vector data from VMap L2 and SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) digital terrain model were used. Research was conducted on a primary grid field with dimensions 1 km × 1 km. As a result of the research conducted, normalised parameters associated with terrain cover were introduce into the neural network. As a result of the network learning, the analysed area was divided into classes, to which the index of passability (IOP) was arbitrarily subordinated. In the research results, the influence of the method of organisation of the input data on the generated maps of passability was defined. The tests were conducted on two sizes of a Kohonen map: 10 × 10 and 5 × 5 neurons. The described experiments proved that a properly taught artificial neural network is very well suited to the analysis of an area in terms of passability. The presented methodology is universal in nature and after the modification of parameters may be used to solve tasks of terrain classification associated with various subjects (division of soils, marking out areas for development, etc.).

ACS Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Methods of Using Self-organising Maps for Terrain Classification, Using an Example of Developing a Military Passability Map. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography 2017, 359 -371.

AMA Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Methods of Using Self-organising Maps for Terrain Classification, Using an Example of Developing a Military Passability Map. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. 2017; ():359-371.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. 2017. "Methods of Using Self-organising Maps for Terrain Classification, Using an Example of Developing a Military Passability Map." Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography , no. : 359-371.

Conference paper
Published: 10 August 2017 in Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering"
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This article presents the research on time accessibility of public transport. The study concerned the territory of Szczecin and travelling from anywhere in the city to the Main Railway Station. A self-gathering measurement data method was used, which was developed by Authors in earlier studies. Szczecin was selected as the test area because of the shape of the city as well as the location and shape of the excluded areas (areas not accessible to pedestrians or cyclists). Two travel maps were created, for daytime and nighttime public transportation. The study used 162 measurement points arranged in 1x1 km grids. Travel times to the Main Railway Station were calculated with the use of the jakdojade.pl online service. They were calculated for each measurement point and these values were then interpolated with the IDW method. The travel time maps were evaluated by computing the absolute error on the basis of 10 control points. The absolute error was not greater than 4 minutes, what proves very good accuracy of research. The results of the analysis were compared with the population distribution in Szczecin. The interdependence of population distribution and accessibility of the Main Railway Station was analysed.

ACS Style

Joanna Tomala; Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Albina Mościcka; Anna Wilbik. Travel Time Map of Szczecin Main Railway Station. Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering" 2017, 1 .

AMA Style

Joanna Tomala, Krzysztof Pokonieczny, Albina Mościcka, Anna Wilbik. Travel Time Map of Szczecin Main Railway Station. Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering". 2017; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joanna Tomala; Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Albina Mościcka; Anna Wilbik. 2017. "Travel Time Map of Szczecin Main Railway Station." Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering" , no. : 1.

Conference paper
Published: 10 August 2017 in Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering"
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The main goal of this study is an analysis of statistical and spatial relationships between land cover, relief and geodetic control points’ location. We aimed at proving the previous results showing that in rural areas the density of horizontal geodetic points depends at least 50% on the land cover. Moreover, two clustering methods, k-means and Kohonen self-organising maps, were used to group surveying districts according to similarity in land use, relief and geodetic control density. The research methods includes statistical methods, ie. Pearson correlation and coefficient of determination computed by Pawlowski method as well as spatial autocorrelation expressed by Moran I global index. The results show that both clustering methods give very similar results, however for the k-means the surveying districts are more spatially clustered, than for Kohonen. The coefficient of determination R2 equals 0.652, what means that geodetic control points density in 65.2% explains by the percentage of built-up areas, forests and the standard deviation of elevation. The analysis was conducted for the 3rd order geodetic control points, for Opoczno district, located in the central part of Poland.

ACS Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Elżbieta Bielecka; Paweł Kamiński. Analysis of Geodetic Control Points Density Depending on the Land Cover and Relief – the Opoczno District Case Study. Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering" 2017, 1 .

AMA Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny, Elżbieta Bielecka, Paweł Kamiński. Analysis of Geodetic Control Points Density Depending on the Land Cover and Relief – the Opoczno District Case Study. Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering". 2017; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Elżbieta Bielecka; Paweł Kamiński. 2017. "Analysis of Geodetic Control Points Density Depending on the Land Cover and Relief – the Opoczno District Case Study." Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering" , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2016 in Journal of Water and Land Development
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The article concerns issues pertaining to of selecting suitable areas for wind farms. The basic assumption of the study was to take into account both criteria related to the profitability of this type of power plant, as well as public interest, which means the harmonious and not burdensome functioning of these installations for local communities. The problem of wind farm localization may be solved by the application of artificial neural networks (ANN), which are a computational intelligence element. In the conducted analysis, the possibility of wind farm localization was considered for the primary grid field with dimensions of 100 by 100 m. To prepare the training set, topographic vector data from the VMap L2 and SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) digital terrain model were used. For each 100-meter × 100-meter grid, the input data was prepared, consisting of the factors which are important from the point of view of wind farm localization (forests, rivers, built-up areas etc.). Studies show that a properly trained neural network (using a representative number of samples and for the appropriate architecture), allows to process automation area classification in terms of placement on the wind turbines.

ACS Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Using artificial neural networks to determine the location of wind farms. Miedzna district case study. Journal of Water and Land Development 2016, 30, 101 -111.

AMA Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. Using artificial neural networks to determine the location of wind farms. Miedzna district case study. Journal of Water and Land Development. 2016; 30 (1):101-111.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny. 2016. "Using artificial neural networks to determine the location of wind farms. Miedzna district case study." Journal of Water and Land Development 30, no. 1: 101-111.

Proceedings article
Published: 23 August 2016 in 2016 Baltic Geodetic Congress (BGC Geomatics)
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The article presents an analysis of travel time mapping with a self-acting measurement data gathering method -- developed by the authors -- with an identic grid with a mesh equalling 500x500 m. Time availability was examined in two cases: Warsaw Frederic Chopin Airport and Central Railway Station in Warsaw. Research was based on travel by public transport on a weekday. All data was obtained from the jakdojade.pl Internet service, which determines travel time. Data collected in measurement points was interpolated to the whole territory of Warsaw by the IDW method. Areas impossible to traverse on foot or by public transit due to their topographical features were removed from the interpolation area. To check the quality of results achieved, 20 control points were used to calculate absolute errors of final data. The actuality of studies presented in the article is the end of March 2016.

ACS Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Albina Moscicka; Joanna Tomala. Self-Acting Data Gathering for Travel Time Analysis: Warsaw Airport and Central Railway Station Case Study. 2016 Baltic Geodetic Congress (BGC Geomatics) 2016, 217 -221.

AMA Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny, Albina Moscicka, Joanna Tomala. Self-Acting Data Gathering for Travel Time Analysis: Warsaw Airport and Central Railway Station Case Study. 2016 Baltic Geodetic Congress (BGC Geomatics). 2016; ():217-221.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Albina Moscicka; Joanna Tomala. 2016. "Self-Acting Data Gathering for Travel Time Analysis: Warsaw Airport and Central Railway Station Case Study." 2016 Baltic Geodetic Congress (BGC Geomatics) , no. : 217-221.

Proceedings article
Published: 23 August 2016 in 2016 Baltic Geodetic Congress (BGC Geomatics)
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The aim of this study is modelling spatial relationship between the number of geodetic control points and land use as well as the analysis of spatial distribution of geodetic control with respect of Polish national regulation. The results are related to surveying districts, theretofore grouped according to land use types, namely: built-up, rural, forest, and miscellaneous. The conducted study proved that geodetic control points are scattered with significantly visible groupings along roads, railways and built-up area. It also shows that information on the land use has a vital influence on the number of geodetic control points and indicates where geodetic control needs densification.

ACS Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Beata Calka; Elzbieta Bielecka; Pawel Kaminski. Modeling Spatial Relationships between Geodetic Control Points and Land Use with Regards to Polish Regulation. 2016 Baltic Geodetic Congress (BGC Geomatics) 2016, 176 -180.

AMA Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny, Beata Calka, Elzbieta Bielecka, Pawel Kaminski. Modeling Spatial Relationships between Geodetic Control Points and Land Use with Regards to Polish Regulation. 2016 Baltic Geodetic Congress (BGC Geomatics). 2016; ():176-180.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krzysztof Pokonieczny; Beata Calka; Elzbieta Bielecka; Pawel Kaminski. 2016. "Modeling Spatial Relationships between Geodetic Control Points and Land Use with Regards to Polish Regulation." 2016 Baltic Geodetic Congress (BGC Geomatics) , no. : 176-180.