Developing gross motor function implies strengthening the basic body position and the balance associated with posture and mobility, for which different teaching models and psycho-pedagogical interventions are applied. Objective: to develop gross motor function in male preschoolers through physical recreational activities based on conductivist (Group 1) and constructivist (Group 2) teaching and determine the best teaching paradigm. Two basic skills were studied in two homogeneous independent samples (walking: w = 0.641; running: w = 0.556), selecting 25 children for each group (3–4 years) through the use of intentional sampling. The gross skills evaluation was based on norms established by the Education Ministry, including a mood assessment. Results: each group improved their basic skills in the post-test (Group 1: W = 0.001; W = 0.001. Group 2: W = 0.046; W = 0.038), but the conductivist paradigm was superior (w = 0.033; w = 0.027). Group 1 presented better indicators in the motor evaluations “Acquired” and “In Process” than Group 2, and lower percentages in the “Initiated” evaluation than Group 2 in the abilities “walking” as well as “running”, which were significantly different in the “Initiated” evaluation (p = 0.0469) for the walking ability, and significantly different in the “Initiated” and “Acquired” evaluations (p = 0.0469; p = 0.0341, respectively) for the running skill. Conclusions: The conductivist teaching model was superior in terms of gross motor function optimization.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ecuador face constant challenges to stay competitive in an environment of digital transformation. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a key tool to optimise processes, while socioemotional wealth influences decision-making and the work environment. This study analysed how the combination of both factors impacts the innovation and competitiveness of Ecuadorian SMEs, identifying strategies to improve their performance in the market. A mixed methodology was applied, combining surveys of 150 workers with interviews of 10 selected SME managers. The surveys, conducted using Google Forms, assess the perception of AI implementation and the importance of socio-emotional values. The interviews, carried out by Zoom, allowed us to delve into strategies, best practices and challenges in the integration of technology and emotional management. The results showed a positive trend in the adoption of AI, highlighting its impact on process optimisation and productivity improvement. It is also confirmed that socioemotional richness influences team cohesion and strategic decision-making. However, barriers such as lack of training and resistance to change were identified. Finally, strategies were proposed to balance technology with emotional well-being and strengthen business competitiveness.

Small and medium-sized companies have an impact on the environment where they operate. In some cases, the effects on the environment can be significant within local communities leading to a series of negative processes, such as emission pollution into the atmosphere, the discharges to rivers and seas, the production of waste; in some cases, it makes the contamination to the soil. This paper presents the results of the systematic mapping study aimed at assessing environmental management in industrial SMEs. Descriptive studies of SMEs emphasize their poor environmental commitment, describing them as primarily interested in controlling pollutant emissions just to comply with regulations. Ninety-eight papers were identified, and the results indicate that environmental management is not fully incorporated as a standard in the management processes of SMEs, so their environmental performance depends on the degree of pressure placed by control agencies, authorities, or clients. Such companies believe that the economic resources allocated for environmental care are costs rather than investments. However, research on environmental management in SMEs shows the uniformity of environmental strategies with a low level of development. The intellectual interest arose based on the need to identify the environmental needs that small businesses in developing countries must attend. The paper is justified by its own condition of proposing sustainable development, with the possibility of providing a real vision of the situation of industrial businesses in environmental matters.

La Liga Cantonal de Milagro enfrenta deficiencias en su gestión deportiva debido a la ausencia de planificación estratégica, falta de profesionalización y debilidad institucional. Este estudio tiene como objetivo proponer una planificación estratégica que contribuya a mejorar su gestión organizacional y operativa. Se empleó una metodología de enfoque cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo y diseño no experimental de corte transversal. Mediante encuestas y análisis documental, se identificaron falencias en los componentes administrativos, estructurales y organizativos de la Liga. El estudio se fundamenta en teorías de gestión deportiva y planificación estratégica, así como en antecedentes regionales que demuestran la relación entre profesionalización y eficiencia institucional. Como resultado, se propone una planificación estratégica estructurada en fases, que permita alinear objetivos, optimizar recursos y fortalecer la toma de decisiones. Se concluye que dicha herramienta puede impactar positivamente en el rendimiento organizacional y deportivo, promoviendo una gestión más eficiente, sostenible y orientada a resultados.

La inteligencia artificial se ha convertido en una herramienta relevante para mejorar los procesos administrativos de las pequeñas y medianas empresas, especialmente en contextos donde se requiere responder con rapidez, reducir errores y utilizar información confiable. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el impacto de la inteligencia artificial en la eficiencia de la toma de decisiones administrativas en las MIPYMEs ecuatorianas. Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, aplicado, no experimental, transversal y correlacional, con una muestra no probabilística de 50 empresas pertenecientes a los sectores comercial, de servicios, manufacturero y logístico. La información se recopiló mediante un cuestionario de 20 ítems con escala de Likert, validado por expertos y con un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,87. Los resultados mostraron un nivel alto de uso de inteligencia artificial, con una media de 3,56, y una eficiencia administrativa global de 3,72. La correlación de Spearman entre ambas variables fue de 0,684, con una significancia inferior a 0,05, lo que evidenció una relación positiva alta y estadísticamente significativa. La asociación más elevada se presentó entre la automatización de procesos y la rapidez de respuesta, con un coeficiente de 0,711. Se concluye que la inteligencia artificial favorece la eficiencia administrativa al mejorar el acceso a la información, agilizar los procesos y fortalecer la precisión de las decisiones, aunque su efectividad depende de la capacitación, la calidad de los datos y la supervisión humana.

The study aimed to evaluate the digital accessibility of public platforms from the perception of people with disabilities in Bolivia and Ecuador. The research was developed under a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design and descriptive-correlational scope. The sample consisted of 128 people with disabilities who had used public digital platforms to consult information, carry out procedures or access institutional services. A structured survey with a five-level Likert scale was applied for data collection, organized into dimensions of ease of navigation, clarity of information, compatibility with assistive technologies, access to online procedures, autonomy of use, and perceived digital inclusion. Previously, a pilot test was carried out and the reliability of the instrument was verified by Cronbach's alpha, obtaining a value of 0.82. The results showed low and medium levels of digital accessibility, with greater difficulties in autonomous navigation, accessible forms, clear institutional language and technological compatibility. In addition, Spearman's correlation confirmed a positive and significant relationship between perceived digital accessibility and digital inclusion. It is concluded that the digital transformation of the public sector in Bolivia and Ecuador should strengthen inclusive design, the permanent evaluation of platforms and the participation of users with disabilities in improvement processes.