The efficient storage of strategic gases—CH₄, CO₂, and H₂—remains a critical challenge due to the need for high pressures or cryogenic temperatures to achieve sufficient storage densities, often resulting in energy- and cost-intensive processes. Adsorption-based storage using porous materials offers a promising alternative. In particular, ordered mesoporous carbons, such as CMK-8 and CMK-9, are attractive due to their mechanical, thermal, and chemical stability, as well as their highly tunable textural properties. Surface functionalization can further enhance gas uptake, though the effect is often gas-specific. This study investigates the adsorption performance of four carbon materials: pristine CMK-8 and CMK-9, and their oxygen-functionalized counterparts produced via HNO₃ treatment. The adsorption capacities for CH₄, CO₂, and H₂ were evaluated through a combination of experimental gas adsorption measurements and molecular simulations. The results reveal structure–property relationships between surface chemistry and gas-specific adsorption behavior, with implications for the rational design of carbon-based materials for gas storage.

Ordered mesoporous carbons have emerged as versatile supports for Fischer–Tropsch catalysts due to their high surface area, tunable pore architectures, and chemical stability. However, the influence of active-metal identity on product selectivity within a common carbon framework remains insufficiently understood, particularly when Fe and Co are compared under rigorously identical conditions. To address this aspect, we prepared Fe- and Co-based catalysts with comparable nominal metal loadings supported on CMK-5 carbon material and evaluated their structural, surface, and catalytic properties. Comprehensive characterization revealed distinct metal-dependent behaviors, and catalytic testing between 423 and 598 K at 2 MPa showed that the catalyst CMK-5(Co10) exhibited substantially higher activity, whereas CMK-5(Fe10) provided a more stable product distribution and exclusively paraffinic C₂–C₃ products across the studied temperature range. In contrast, CMK-5(Co10) displayed a pronounced temperature-dependent selectivity, with increasing methane formation and the emergence of olefinic C₂–C₃ species at intermediate and high temperatures. Chain-growth probabilities were consistent with these trends. Complementary Density Functional Theory and Kinetic Monte Carlo analyses indicated stronger binding of carbonaceous intermediates on Fe clusters and more accessible C–C coupling pathways on Co clusters. Together, these results clarify how active-metal identity governs selectivity within a shared CMK-5 architecture and provide guidelines for designing carbon-supported Fischer–Tropsch catalysts with controlled product distributions.

Este estudio presenta la síntesis de nanopartículas de óxido de cobre (NPsCuO) mediante el método de precipitación química, con énfasis en su caracterización estructural por difracción de rayos X (XRD) y espectroscopia fotoelectrónica de rayos X (XPS). Las nanopartículas presentan morfología semiesférica y un promedio de tamaño de partícula de 124 nm, según lo revelado por microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB). El análisis de DRX confirmó la formación de la fase monoclínica, con tamaños de cristalito de ~22 nm. Por medio del refinamiento de Rietveld (Chi² = 1.2) de los espectros de DRX se pudo confirmar que la distancia Cu–O es de 1.96 Å y los ángulos de enlace son 60.67° y 154.57°. El análisis XPS mostró picos Cu 2p?/? (~942.7 eV) y Cu 2p?/? (~962.7 eV), característicos del estado de oxidación del Cu²? en CuO. Los resultados confirman la eficacia del método para obtener NPs de CuO de alta pureza.

Este trabajo se focalizó en la síntesis de carbones activados a partir de la cáscara de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) como material clarificante de hidromieles. Se optimizaron las condiciones de síntesis como la concentración del agente activante (25, 30 y 35%), la temperatura (300, 500 y 600 oC) y el tiempo de carbonización (30, 60 y 120 min). Estas variables se combinaron a través del diseño experimental Taguchi con arreglo ortogonal L8 y tres niveles. Así mismo, los ensayos de clarificación se realizaron a diferentes tiempos de agitación (2, 4, 6 h) y reposos (18, 20, 22 h). Los resultados mostraron que los carbones obtenidos presentaron alta superficie específica (>460 m2/g), destacándose el material sintetizado bajo condiciones que involucraron baja concentración de agente activante (H3PO4, 25 %), alta temperatura (600 °C) y mayor tiempo de carbonización (120 min). Finalmente, los carbones obtenidos mostraron alta efectividad en la clarificación de hidromiel artesanal.