Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of the combined use of probiotic strains on the development of bacterial translocation in addition to liver and intestinal tissue damage due to biliary obstruction in rats. Materials and Methods: Here, 3 groups each consisting of 10 rats were created:group 1 (sham group), group 2 (obstructive jaundice), and group 3 (obstructive jaundice+probiotic). Groups 1 and 2 were given 1 cc physiological saline solution by oral gavage twice a day; group 3 was given a probiotic solution that included Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Enterococcus faecium, and Bifidobacterium longum microorganisms by oral gavage twice a day. Results: Markers for liver damage were also found to be significantly improved (p

Background/aim: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. Although there are no specific diagnostic tools, the main factors affecting prognosis are clinical and laboratory findings, and early diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we demonstrate the importance of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in confirming intestinal ischemia in neonates with NEC. Materials and methods: Patients diagnosed with NEC in a neonatal intensive care unit were staged according to modified Bell's classification, and DECT was performed on patients with NEC stages 2-A, 2-B and 3-A. According to their DECT reports, these patients were then separated into two groups: those with intestinal ischemia and those without intestinal ischemia. The patients with intestinal ischemia were evaluated using surgical reports, and the other patients were evaluated using clinical findings. Results: DECT was performed in 21 patients with NEC stages 2-A, 2-B and 3-A. Twelve patients (57.1%) without ischemia were followed up without surgery. Nine patients (42.9%) with ischemia on DECT were operated on, and resection and anastomosis or ileostomy and colostomy were performed. Conclusion: In patients with NEC, DECT significantly increases overall diagnostic confidence in assessing intestinal necrosis when compared with traditional diagnostic methods.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyse patients who underwent bronchoscopy for suspected foreign body aspiration (FBA) and to evaluate the properties of computed tomography (CT) in preventing unnecessary bronchoscopy, which carries the risk of serious complications. Methods: All patients younger than 18 years of age who were evaluated for FBA at a tertiary children’s hospital between June 2014 and February 2023. Results: A total of 165 children were included in this study. In Group I (only bronchoscopy), the detection rate of FBA was 77.9%, whereas in Group II (CT ± bronchoscopy), the detection rate of FBA was 93%. Additionally, the negative diagnosis rate in Group II (7%) was significantly higher compared to Group I (22.1%). Conclusions: Low-dose chest CT is a highly effective and reliable imaging method for the diagnosis of FBA due to its rapid performance, minimal radiation exposure, and high sensitivity and specificity; therefore, it can prevent unnecessary bronchoscopies in suspicious cases and increase the positive bronchoscopy rate.

Introduction Our aim is to present the clinical and surgical characteristics of the children affected by the Syrian civil war. Materials and Methods Medical records were reviewed retrospectively for Syrian war victims between the ages of 0 and 18 who were brought to the emergency department of the Education and Research Hospital between March 2011 and March 2019. Each patient was evaluated with respect to demographic data (gender, age), type of injury, history of operations in Syria, injured organ(s), accompanying traumas and the mortality and trauma score. Results The majority of our study population of 147 patients were male (108/147, 73.46%), and 39 of the total were girls (26.53%). The mean age of the patients was 9 (7.5 ± 4). The mean age of the girls was 8.5 (range: 7 months to 16 years), and the mean age of the boys was 9.2 (4 months to 17 years). Seventeen patients who had abdominal surgery in Syria were operated on again after clinical and radiological observations. A total of 83 patients were operated on in Turkey. For 66 of those patients, the operation in Turkey was their first surgery on their war injuries. Seventeen patients were operated on in Syria but needed surgery again in Turkey. Conclusion War affects not only the battlefield, but also the neighboring countries in many aspects such as medical, social, and economic. Hollow organ injuries are the most common intraabdominal pathologies. Delayed intervention is associated with increase mortality and morbidity.