The double perovskite halides A2BIBIIIX6 provide flexibility for various formulation adjustments and are of less toxicity in comparison with well-discussed complex lead halide derivatives. Such type of structure can be formed by replacing two Pb2+ ions in the cubic lattice with a pair of non-toxic heterovalent (monovalent and trivalent) metal cations, such as silver and indium. The aim of this work is to briefly characterize the phase equilibria in the ternary system CsBr-AgBr-InBr3 and investigate the thermodynamic availability of synthesis of Cs2AgInBr6 double perovskite phase by solid-state sintering or melt crystallization. The results demonstrate the unfeasibility of the Cs2AgInBr6 phase but high stability of the corresponding binary bromides perspective for optoelectronics.
Compounds of the general composition A2BIBIIIX6 with a double perovskite (elpasolite) structure are currently considered as an alternative to lead halide perovskites APbX3 in electronics and photovoltaics due to their greater compositional flexibility and low toxicity. One such alternative is the recently synthesized double perovskite Cs2AgNaBiBr6 and a number of various substituted compounds. The close values of the radii of silver and sodium cations make tuning the optoelectronic properties of the double perovskite via the substitution of Ag+ by Na+ promising if the formation of the substitution solid solution Cs2Ag1−xNaxBiBr6 takes place. We explored different possible routes for the synthesis of this class of materials, including solid-phase or melt crystallization ampoule syntheses. Varying heating temperature and duration and using standard cooling processing or a quenching-like process, we demonstrate the instability of Cs2NaBiBr6 and Na-substituted compounds Cs2−xNaxAgBiBr6 in the temperature range of 300–650 °C. It is worth noting that the formation of Cs2Ag1−xNaxBiBr6 solid solutions by a solid-phase method is more favorable.
New bromide compounds A2BIBIIIBr6 with a double perovskite structure provide variety and flexibility of optoelectronic properties, and some of them are of poor toxicity in comparison with such popular lead halides. The promising compound with a double perovskite structure was proposed recently for the ternary system of CsBr-CuBr-InBr3. Analysis of phase equilibria in the CsBr-CuBr-InBr3 ternary system showed stability of the quasi-binary section of CsCu2Br3–Cs3In2Br9. Formation of the estimated phase Cs2CuInBr6 by melt crystallization or solid-state sintering was not observed, most likely, as a result of higher thermodynamic stability of binary bromides CsCu2Br3 and Cs3In2Br9. The existence of three quasi-binary sections was observed, while no ternary bromide compounds were found.