Background: Real-world data provide insights into populations underrepresented in clinical trials such as non-small-cell cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases (BMs). Despite global survival improvement due to novel drug employment, their impact in resource-limited settings like Serbia remains underexplored. This study analyzes the overall survival (OS) of NSCLC patients with BMs treated in routine clinical practice, considering patient-, disease- and treatment-related factors amid restricted access to novel drugs. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 267 NSCLC patients diagnosed with BMs from 2018 to 2022 at a single Serbian clinical center. Inclusion required histologically confirmed NSCLC, radiologically verified BMs and complete clinical data. OS was defined as the time from BM verification to death or last follow-up. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression were used for survival analysis. Results: Median OS (mOS) was 5.0 months. Univariate analysis linked age < 65 years, female gender, single BM, asymptomatic BMs, ECOG PS 0–1, BM verification at diagnosis and combined systemic and local therapy to better OS. Combined therapy offered the best survival rates (mOS: 9.0 months), while best supportive care and local-only therapy both resulted in a poor mOS of 2.0 months. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy were associated with the highest mOS, outperforming chemotherapy alone (13.0 vs. 7.0 months, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed younger age, single BM, early BM verification and combined therapy as independent predictors of improved survival. Conclusions: limited access to novel therapies remains associated with poor patient survival, highlighting the need for better global availability.

Background/Objectives: Drug prescribing in elderly people with chronic diseases carries certain risks. The desire to treat several different diseases at the same time increases the risk of inadequate drug prescribing. Prostate cancer is a disease of older men and occurs in most men over the age of 65. With age, the risk of prostate cancer increases, but so does the risk of the inadequate prescription of drugs. Our research aimed to highlight the potential inadequate prescription of drugs in patients with prostate cancer, considering that it is mostly a population of older men in whom a greater number of comorbidities is expected, followed by the use of a greater number of drugs. Methods: Our investigation was designed as an observational, cross-sectional study of 334 male patients who presented at the Multidisciplinary Tumor Board (MDT) for urological cancers at the University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia, from 1 September to 15 December 2023. Our primary outcome was obtaining the MAI score. Results: Our study showed that a significant number of drugs per patient with a prostate cancer diagnosis were prescribed potentially inadequately. The factors associated with greater risk for PIP were the initial level of PSA, ADT meta (intermittent), and several prescribed drugs; on the other hand, secondary hormonal therapy was the reason for less frequent PIP. Conclusions: In conclusion, patients with prostate cancer are under increased risk of inappropriate prescribing when they are prescribed more medication, have high PSA, and have ADT meta (intermittent). To stop the incidence of inappropriate prescribing and its serious economic and health consequences, clinicians should take special care when prescribing new drugs to such patients.