A Cu/C₃N₄ composite was prepared and utilized as a highly efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst for the homo- & cross-coupling of terminal alkynes. Excellent functional group tolerance and good yields were observed with oxygen as an oxidant in an isopropanol solution (or as additive) under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the composite catalyst shows good recyclability and can be recovered simply and reused several times without significant loss in its catalytic activities.

Supported copper nanoparticles are utilized for the first time as a highly efficient and reusable catalyst in the coupling of acyl chlorides and terminal alkynes to prepare various ynones. The reaction is carried out under palladium-, ligand-, and solvent-free conditions. The catalyst can be simply recovered and reused several times without significant loss in catalytic activity.

Ag/g-C ₃ N ₄ nanometric semiconductor catalyzed cascade reaction for the synthesis of 2-arylquinoline through alcohol and N -benzylanilines under visible light irradiation.