Background: To conduct a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of different nutritional interventions on various serum nutritional indicators and patients’ prognosis during radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, to assess treatment safety and efficacy. Methods: A systematic literature search, mainly randomized controlled trials (RCTs), on the effects of nutritional support on patients undergoing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma was conducted between January 2010 and August 2022 using databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Rob2 scale. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 software, and the heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the I² test, and funnel plots were used to qualitatively assess publication bias. Results: Overall, 10 RCTs with a total sample size of 879 cases were identified. The meta-analysis results showed that body mass index (BMI) (odds ratio = 0.026, 95% confidence interval^[1]: −0.348 to 0.401, P > .05), albumin (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.13, 95% CI: −0.127 to 0.387, P > .05), and total protein levels were not significantly different between the nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) radiotherapy group with nutritional support group (SMD = −0.262, 95% CI: −1.062 to 0.537, P > .05) and the control group; pre-albumin (SMD = 0.256, 95% CI: 0.022–0.491, P = .032), hemoglobin (SMD = 0.436, 95% CI: 0.26–0.612, P < .000), and lymphocyte count (SMD = 1.125, 95% CI: 0.868–1.381, P < .000) were significantly higher in the nutritional intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion: Compared with conventional diets, nutritional interventions can improve serum nutritional parameters, nutritional status, treatment tolerance, and prognosis of patients undergoing radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective: Patients with kidney dysfunction in the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk of metabolic disturbances and malnutrition, yet the research landscape of nutritional management in this population remains incompletely characterized. This study aimed to map the knowledge structure, research hotspots, and temporal trends in this field. Methods: Publications from 2001 to 2025 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and analyzed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and bibliometrix. Scopus was used for cross-database comparison, while representative clinical studies retrieved from PubMed were descriptively summarized to provide clinical context for the bibliometric findings. Results: A total of 551 publications were included, with publication output increasing overall from 2001 to 2025. Research activity was concentrated mainly in North America and Europe. Keyword analysis identified major themes related to acute kidney injury, renal replacement therapy, nutritional support, prognosis, and clinical outcomes. Temporal analyses showed that earlier research focused more on acute renal failure, RRT, and nitrogen balance, whereas nutritional risk, protein provision, and clinical outcomes became more prominent in later years. Burst analysis further identified “outcome,” “impact,” “hospitalized patients,” and “malnutrition” as active recent keywords. Conclusion: This study indicates sustained research interest in nutritional management for ICU patients with kidney dysfunction. Research has broadened from RRT-related metabolic concerns to nutritional assessment, protein provision, and clinical outcomes. Protein dose and escalation timing, nutrient replacement during CRRT, and the use of nutritional risk assessment to guide treatment remain important questions for future clinical studies.