Malnutrition is often observed in pediatric cancer patients and has been recognized as a risk factor for relapse and survival. Maintaining an appropriate nutritional status during anticancer treatment has, therefore, been more and more frequently perceived as an additional requirement for optimal therapy outcomes. The aim of our study was to establish alterations of nutritional status in 26 children and adolescents treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at the Children’s Hospital in Zagreb, Croatia, between 2016 and 2021, by using anthropometric measures and serum albumin levels. The majority of patients (53.8% female, median 4 years, 52.2% intermediate-risk leukemia group) had normal weight at the beginning of chemotherapy. The percentage of overweight/obese patients increased from 4.2% at diagnosis to 37.5% at the end of intensive therapy. Apart from a significant increase in body weight (BW) and body mass index (BMI) for age, a notable decline in body height/body length (BH/BL) for age in the observed period was recorded, especially in high-risk leukemia patients. The alterations in serum albumin values were not significant, nor was their correlation with BMI. Dietary consultation was offered to all patients, while children with a decline in BMI and BH/BL received additional nutritional support.

Background/Objectives: The long-term consequences of intensive treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), including metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases, but also deteriorated quality of life (QoL), are present in many survivors of childhood HL. Methods: Adolescents and young adults diagnosed with HL who continued the follow-up after successful treatment for HL were included. Anthropometric parameters, body composition, laboratory data, blood pressure values, compliance to the Mediterranean diet (MD), QoL and lifestyle habits were evaluated at the follow-up. Available data were also extracted retrospectively at the time of diagnosis. The primary objective was to determine metabolic sequelae in the early post-treatment period in adolescents treated for HL. Additionally, QoL and compliance with MD were explored, and the correlation of MetS with QoL was investigated. Results: Sixty percent of patients had at least one risk factor for metabolic syndrome, with obesity/abdominal obesity, high blood pressure and low HDL being most commonly observed, present in 66.7%, 44.4% and 44.4% of patients, respectively. The number of obese patients increased from 6.3% at the diagnosis to 31.3% at the follow-up. The majority of patients (53.3%) had low adherence to the MD. Participants had comparable quality-of-life domains to those of the healthy population at the follow-up. The physical health domain of QoL was positively correlated with compliance to the MD in young adults (r = 0.8, p = 0.032) and negatively correlated with obesity/overweight in adolescents (r = −0.85, p = 0.008). Conclusions: Healthy lifestyle choices can impact not only the metabolic health of survivors but also their quality of life, and therefore should be encouraged in these patients.