The adsorption of crystal violet (CV) onto date palm fibers (DPFs) was examined in aqueous solution at 25°C. The experimental maximum adsorption capacity value was 0.66 × 10⁻⁶. Langmuir, Freundlich, Elovich and Temkin models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The influence of pH and temperature on dye removal was evaluated. The percentage removal of CV dye by adsorption onto DPF at different pH and temperatures showed that these factors play a role in the adsorption process. Thermodynamic analysis was performed, and the Gibbs free energy ΔG^ο, enthalpy change ΔH^ο, and entropy ΔS^ο were calculated. The negative values of ΔG^ο indicate spontaneous adsorption. The negative value of ΔH^ο indicates that the interaction between CV and DPF is exothermic, and the positive value of ΔS^ο indicates good affinity between DPF and CV. The kinetic data were fitted to a pseudo‐second‐order model.

Eco-friendly polymer nanocomposite films were synthesized using biodegradable polymers of chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol as polymeric matrices and carbon black nanoparticles as the reinforcement. These films were applied to study their applicability to industrial wastewater purification as a photocatalyst for degradation of Congo red as a target pollutant and to study the effect of the polymeric matrix types of the films on their performance as a semiconductor photocatalyst. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the films. Visible light photocatalytic degradation of Congo red as a pollutant under various operational conditions of pH, dye concentration, contact time, and light intensity was performed. Photocatalytic results revealed that the polymeric substrate type does not play a major role in the photodegradation of the dye, and the best operational conditions were at a pH of 6 and a dye solution concentration of 8 mg/L.

Polymer nanocomposites of polystyrene matrix containing 10% wt of organo‐montmorillonite (organo‐MMT) were prepared using the solution method with sonication times of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 hours. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is used to modify the montmorillonite clay after saturating its surface with Na⁺ ions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the montmorillonite before and after modification by CTAB. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized using the same analysis methods. These results confirm the intercalation of PS in the interlamellar spaces of organo‐MMT with a very small quantity of exfoliation of the silicate layers within the PS matrix of all samples at all studied times of sonication. The thermal stability of the nanocomposites was measured using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results show clear improvement, and the effects of sonication time are noted.

Oriental Journal of Chemistry is a peer reviewed quarterly research journal of pure and applied chemistry. It publishes standard research papers in almost all thrust areas of current chemistry of academic and commercial importance. It provides a platform for rapid publication of quality research papers, reviews and chemistry letters. Oriental Journal of Chemistry is abstracted and indexed in almost all reputed National and International agencies.

PVOLYMER nanocomposite thin films consisting of polystyrene and furnace carbon black were prepared in this study as adsorbent materials for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater. The film properties were characterized, and the effect of initial concentration, separation time, and pH on the removal efficiency was investigated. The optimal operating conditions were 120 min of separation time at pH 6 with 30 ppm of initial concentration. The adsorption equilibrium data and adsorption kinetics are also described herein. The Freundlich model best fit the equilibrium data, and the adsorption rate followed pseudo second-order kinetics.