X-ray computed tomography is more often applied in non-destructive testing the quality of construction elements significantly crucial for reliability and safety of device elements, machines and complex industrial systems. This article describes the computed tomography (CT) system used to inspect the technical condition of turbine blades of the aircraft engine. The impact of the experimental conditions on the correctness of the obtained results was determined. The appropriate selection of parameters for the experiment was given, and the correct test results of gas turbine blades were presented. Failures, manufacturing defects, material deviations of nickel-cobalt alloyed blades were identified. The thickness of walls was measured in the selected cross-sections with the accuracy of 0.01 mm, and selected manufacturing defects of cooling passages were diagnosed. It was demonstrated that the application of the CT system allows for detailed non-destructive inspection of the technical condition of machine parts. The test results proved that the X-ray computed tomography could be applied in the production and repairs of machines.

Gas turbines and their blades in particular might be damaged in the course of the aviation turbojet engine operation process. The degradation process of the blade microstructure is most evident from the change in the colour of its surface. This is assessed using the optoelectronic method. The article presents the concept of non-destructive methods, which are used to assess the degree of degradation of the alloy of a gas turbine blade. The proposed optoelectronic method is the basic method for the preliminary determination of color changes in the surface. Appropriate videoscopes or video-analyzers, capable of recording a test object in various electromagnetic wave ranges (infrared radiation, visible range), are used for this purpose. These preliminary results of the diagnosis make it possible to infer further studies of the blade. For accurate investigation of the state of the alloy microstructure, a non-destructive thermographic method (xenon flash pulsed thermography) was used. The results of studies of the degradation of the microstructure with the use of non-destructive methods were verified through the use of metallographic investigations. Appropriate metallographic specimens were created in order to recognize phase γ′ degradation (i.e., the phase strengthening the blade alloy). The results of the presented research allowed for an in-depth assessment of the degree of microstructure degradation of operated blades.

There is a non-destructive method to assess condition of gas turbine blades in the article presented. The method is based on the processing of blade-surface images in visible band of the electromagnet