Background/Objectives: Robotic systems offer enhanced precision, dexterity, and visualization, which are essential in addressing the complex nature of plastic surgery procedures. Despite widespread adoption in other surgical specialties, such as urology and gynecology, their application in plastic surgery remains underexplored. This review examines the use of robotic systems in plastic and reconstructive surgery with a focus on clinical outcomes. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Search terms included (“robotic surgery” OR “surgical robots”) AND (“plastic surgery” OR “reconstructive surgery”). Studies on clinical outcomes and biomimetic innovations published between 1980 and 2024 were included, while non-English, cadaver-based, and animal studies were excluded. Data were systematically extracted using Covidence and analyzed. Results: Twenty-nine studies were identified that evaluated the clinical outcomes of robotics in areas including breast reconstruction, microsurgery, and craniofacial procedures. Robotic systems like the Da Vinci and Symani platforms offer motion scaling, tremor elimination, and enhanced depth perception. In nipple-sparing mastectomies, they reduced skin necrosis rates from 8% to 2%, while in DIEP flap reconstruction, they enabled smaller fascial incisions (2.67 ± 1.13 cm vs. 8.14 ± 1.69 cm) and faster recovery with fewer complications. In microsurgery, they achieved 100% patency for vessels under 0.3 mm and a 25.2% limb volume reduction in lymphedema patients in 3 months. Conclusions: Robotic systems show significant promise, particularly in procedures such as nipple-sparing mastectomies, and have the potential to overcome challenges including surgeon fatigue. However, challenges such as longer operating times, high costs, and limited haptic feedback remain barriers to their adoption.

Background: Mycobacterium ulcerans causes Buruli ulcer (BU), a necrotizing skin disease endemic in over 30 countries. Its toxin, mycolactone, drives tissue destruction, and the infection is transmitted via environmental reservoirs or vectors. Disease patterns vary globally, and an improved understanding of their pathogenesis may enhance current antimicrobial and surgical treatments. Methods: A comprehensive literature search from 1901 to 2025 was conducted across major databases to explore antimicrobial and reconstructive surgical strategies for Mycobacterium ulcerans. Search terms included BU, key antibiotics, and surgical interventions. Relevant English-language studies on treatment outcomes were reviewed to summarize evolving management trends and emerging therapeutic approaches. Results and Discussion: This review highlights the importance of early diagnosis and timely antimicrobial therapy in preventing disease progression and limb loss. It reviews WHO-recommended antibiotic regimens and discusses the theoretical risk of drug resistance, although clinical resistance remains rare and unreported in Australia. Surgical interventions in select cases are crucial, with timing being a significant factor in functional outcomes. The review also covers pediatric-specific challenges, including growth preservation and psychosocial support for young patients. Reconstructive options focus on limb salvage and staged reconstructions, with multidisciplinary care essential for optimal outcomes. The paper advocates for RCTs to refine treatment protocols, surgical guidelines, and explore emerging antibiotic therapies such as telacebec. Conclusions: BU remains a global health challenge, requiring early diagnosis, timely antimicrobial therapy, and surgery in selected cases. Future research will refine treatment and reduce long-term impacts.

Background: Painful digital neuromas are disorganized nerve proliferations that develop following traumatic or iatrogenic digital nerve injury, often resulting in debilitating allodynia, hypersensitivity, and impaired hand function. While conservative therapies such as desensitization, splinting, and pharmacological agents may offer temporary relief, over 50% of patients ultimately require surgical intervention. However, surgical strategies remain highly heterogeneous, and no consensus exists regarding the most effective operative technique. Methods: A comprehensive search of 4 databases through May 2025 identified 30 studies encompassing over 600 adult patients who underwent surgical treatment for digital neuromas. Techniques assessed included neuroma excision with nerve stump transposition, direct end-to-end neurorrhaphy, nerve capping, regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI) surgery, and targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) surgery. Results: Excision with transposition relieved pain in up to 80% of cases but demonstrated inconsistent sensory recovery. Neurorrhaphy was associated with superior functional outcomes and a reduced recurrence rate. Nerve capping and polyglycolic acid-collagen conduits significantly improved pain scores and protective sensation. RPNI and TMR surgery, though reported in small series, provided over 80% pain relief with minimal complications. Meta-analysis was precluded by outcome heterogeneity. Conclusion: Surgical treatment of painful digital neuromas provides meaningful pain relief and functional improvement, particularly when techniques restore physiologic targets for regenerating axons rather than relying on excision alone. Continuity-restoring and reinnervation-based approaches, including neurorrhaphy, nerve capping, RPNI, and TMR, demonstrate favourable outcomes with lower recurrence rates, although comparative evidence remains limited. Standardised outcome measures and higher-quality comparative studies are required to guide optimal, patient-specific surgical decision-making.

This review of 220 patients evaluates the effectiveness of splinting after percutaneous needle fasciotomy in reducing the total passive extension deficit, highlights inconsistent evidence and recommends individualized care.

Background: Dupuytren’s contracture is a progressive fibroproliferative condition of the palmar fascia resulting in finger flexion deformities. Commonly reported complications following percutaneous needle aponeurotomy (PNA) may include skin tears, infections, nerve injuries, tendon lacerations and regional pain syndromes. Seroma formation is not known to develop following PNA, particularly when combined with corticosteroid injections (CSIs). Case Description: We describe the first documented case of an infected seroma following combined PNA and CSI in a 67-year-old female. A 67-year-old female developed a painless cystic lesion in her palm that she self-managed with compression following PNA and CSI. However, 6 weeks post-procedure, the cystic lesion progressed to infection, which resolved with oral antibiotics and drainage. No cases of seroma have been reported in studies evaluating corticosteroid-assisted PNA. Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of recognising infected seromas as a potential, albeit rare, post-procedural complication following corticosteroid-assisted PNA. Further investigation into risk factors and preventive measures is warranted.