Background/Objectives: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent condition worldwide that significantly affects men’s sexual health and overall quality of life. ED is often associated with both psychological and organic factors and may serve as an early indicator of underlying health conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to assess the attitudes and help-seeking behaviors of patients with ED who attended primary healthcare centers for non-urological reasons. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 384 men aged 18 years and older who attended primary care clinics. Erectile dysfunction was evaluated using a structured questionnaire designed to assess patients’ attitudes toward ED, help-seeking behaviors, and treatment preferences. Results: Approximately half of the participants (49.5%) acknowledged the necessity of seeking treatment. However, the majority (53.1%) had not consulted specialized clinics, primarily due to social stigma and a preference for self-medication. Concerning sources of information on ED treatment, 30.7% of participants relied on their partners and healthcare providers. Conclusions: The study underscores critical barriers to ED management, including social stigma and reliance on self-medication, which may impede optimal treatment engagement and access to specialized care.

Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors regulate cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathways, which influence neurodevelopment, cardiovascular function, and immune responses. Multiple PDE families exist, classified as dual-substrate (PDE1, PDE2, PDE3, PDE10, PDE11) or non-dual-substrate (PDE4, PDE5, PDE6, PDE7, PDE8, PDE9), each with distinct biological roles. This review summarizes the therapeutic applications of PDE inhibitors, evaluates evidence across different disease domains, and highlights challenges and future research priorities. A narrative review of published studies and clinical trial data was conducted, focusing on pharmacological properties, therapeutic relevance, and safety profiles of PDE inhibitors. Sources included PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and regulatory reports. Dual-substrate PDEs demonstrate therapeutic potential in Alzheimer disease (PDE1), anxiety and memory enhancement (PDE2), and heart failure (PDE3), although chronic PDE3 inhibition may increase risks. Non-dual-substrate PDEs, such as PDE4 and PDE5, are clinically established for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, psoriasis, erectile dysfunction, and pulmonary hypertension. Advances in structure–activity relationship studies have produced more selective and potent inhibitors. However, adverse effects, such as nausea (PDE4 inhibitors) and cardiovascular risks (long-term PDE3 inhibitors), remain limiting factors. PDE inhibitors represent a rapidly evolving therapeutic class with broad clinical applications. Their further development requires strategies to minimize adverse effects, improve selectivity, and better define disease-specific roles. Future research should focus on precision medicine approaches to fully harness their therapeutic potential.

Background: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is increasingly recognized as a more reliable indicator of blood pressure status in children than clinic-based measurements, with superior predictive value for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, evidence on the clinical utility of ABPM-derived indices, such as pulse pressure (PP), pulse pressure index (PPI), rate pressure product (RPP), ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI), and average real variability (ARV), remains underexplored in the pediatric population, particularly among children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objective: To evaluate the correlation between ABPM-derived indices in children, with a subgroup analysis comparing those with and without CKD. Secondary objectives included identifying factors associated with AASI and ARV and assessing their utility in cardiovascular risk stratification. Methods: In this bicentric cross-sectional study, 70 children (41 with CKD and 29 controls) were enrolled. ABPM indices (PP, PPI, RPP, AASI, and ARV) were calculated, and both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, including linear regression, were performed. Results: Systolic and diastolic hypertension were significant predictors of elevated ARV (p < 0.05), while body mass index (BMI) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were positively associated with AASI (p < 0.05). Use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) was associated with reduced arterial stiffness (p = 0.02). Significant differences were observed in weight, BMI, PP, and PPI between the CKD and non-CKD groups, with ABPM demonstrating greater sensitivity in detecting vascular health markers. Conclusions: ABPM-derived indices, particularly PP, PPI, and ARV, show promise in improving cardiovascular risk assessment in children. These findings support the broader use of ABPM metrics for refined cardiovascular evaluation, especially in pediatric CKD.