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Teaching courses in Undergraduate & PostGraduate students on Environmental Archaeometry, leading research projects and writing papers in scientific journals, coordinating the establishment of Joint Research Centers in Kaifeng and Rhodes, coordinating joint International Conferences.
HENAN UNIVERSITY
Teaching courses in Undergraduate & PostGraduate students on Environmental Archaeometry, leading research projects and writing papers in scientific journals, coordinating the establishment of Joint Research Centers in Kaifeng and Rhodes, coordinating joint International Conferences.
HENAN UNIVERSITY
Specialized in Natural Sciences in Archaeology—Cultural Heritage-Geonvironment—Digital Archaeology, though during his carrier he has done research in a range of multidisciplinary fields. Since 1999 he is full professor of Archaeometry and Physical Sciences at the Aegean University, Rhodes, Greece. Amongst his innovative research are surface luminescence dating, obsidian hydration dating, and contributions in interdisciplinary fields of geophysics, astronomy, archaeoastronomy, digital culture, palaeoclimatic variations, seismic periodicities, historical auroral records, Holocene climates, and chronological methods in the quaternary (U-Th etc). (www.liritzis.eu) [email protected]; [email protected]).
In the field of cultural heritage, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of monuments is a usual activity for many professionals. The aim in this paper focuses on the new technology educational application combining science, history, and archaeology. Being involved in almost all stages of implementation steps and assessing the level of participation, university students use tools of computer gaming platform and participate in ways of planning the virtual environment which improves their education through e-Learning. The virtual 3D environment is made with different imaging methods (helium-filled balloon, Structure for motion, 3D repository models) and a developmental plan has been designed for use in many future applications. Digital tools were used with 3D reconstructed buildings from the museum archive to Unity 3D for the design. The pilot study of Information Technology work has been employed to introduce cultural heritage and archaeology to university syllabuses. It included students with a questionnaire which has been evaluated accordingly. As a result, the university students were inspired to immerse themselves into the virtual lab, aiming to increasing the level of interaction. The results show a satisfactory learning outcome by an easy to use and real 3D environment, a step forward to fill in needs of contemporary online sustainable learning demands.
Ioannis Liritzis; Pantelis Volonakis; Spyros Vosinakis. 3D Reconstruction of Cultural Heritage Sites as an Educational Approach. The Sanctuary of Delphi. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 3635 .
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Pantelis Volonakis, Spyros Vosinakis. 3D Reconstruction of Cultural Heritage Sites as an Educational Approach. The Sanctuary of Delphi. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (8):3635.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Pantelis Volonakis; Spyros Vosinakis. 2021. "3D Reconstruction of Cultural Heritage Sites as an Educational Approach. The Sanctuary of Delphi." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8: 3635.
The cyber archaeometry concerns a new virtual ontology in the environment of cultural heritage and archaeology. The present study concerns a first pivot endeavor of a virtual polarized light microscopy (VPLM) for archaeometric learning, made from digital tools, tackling the theory of mineral identification in archaeological materials, an important aspect in characterization, provenance, and ancient technology. This endeavor introduces the range of IT computational methods and instrumentation techniques available to the study of cultural heritage and archaeology of apprentices, educators, and specialists. Use is made of virtual and immersive reality, 3D, virtual environment, massively multiplayer online processes, and gamification. The VPLM simulation is made with the use of Avatar in the time-space frame of the laboratory with navigation, exploration, control the learning outcomes in connection to the archaeometric multisystem work. The students evidently learned to operate the VPLM following operations made via visual and home-made scripting, gaining experience in synergy, teamwork, and understanding. The resulting meaningful effects of the cyber-archaeometry with virtual operations and virtual hands, texts, and video equip students especially for e-learning with the required basic knowledge of mineralogical examination, which help to understand and evaluate mineral identification from material culture and provides readiness and capacity, which may be refined in a real polarized light microscopy (PLM) environment.
Ioannis Liritzis; Pantelis Volonakis. Cyber-Archaeometry: Novel Research and Learning Subject Overview. Education Sciences 2021, 11, 86 .
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Pantelis Volonakis. Cyber-Archaeometry: Novel Research and Learning Subject Overview. Education Sciences. 2021; 11 (2):86.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Pantelis Volonakis. 2021. "Cyber-Archaeometry: Novel Research and Learning Subject Overview." Education Sciences 11, no. 2: 86.
The present study deals with the characterization of a ceramic assemblage from the Late Mycenaean (Late Helladic III) settlement of Kastrouli, at Desfina near Delphi, Central Greece using various analytical techniques. Kastrouli is located in a strategic position supervising the Mesokampos plateau and the entire peninsula and is related to other nearby coeval settlements. In total 40 ceramic sherds and 8 clay raw materials were analyzed through mineralogical, petrographic and microstructural techniques. Experimental briquettes (DS) made from clayey raw materials collected in the vicinity of Kastrouli, were fired under temperatures (900 and 1050 °C) in oxidizing conditions for comparison with the ancient ceramics. The petrographic analysis performed on thin sections prepared from the sherds has permitted the identification of six main fabric groups and a couple of loners. The aplastic inclusions recognized in all fabric groups but one confirmed the local provenance since they are related to the local geology. Fresh fractures of representative sherds were further examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM/EDS) helping us to classify them into calcareous (CaO > 6%) and non-calcareous (CaO < 6%) samples (low and high calcium was noted in earlier pXRF data). Here, the ceramic sherds with broad calcium separation are explored on a one-to-one comparison on the basis of detailed mineralogical microstructure. Moreover, their microstructure was studied, aiming to estimate their vitrification stage. The mineralogy of all studied samples was determined by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), permitting us to test the validity of the firing temperatures revealed by the SEM analysis. The results obtained through the various analytical techniques employed are jointly assessed in order to reveal potters’ technological choices.
V. Xanthopoulou; I. Iliopoulos; I. Liritzis. Mineralogical and Microstructure Analysis for Characterization and Provenance of Ceramic Artifacts from Late Helladic Kastrouli Settlement, Delphi (Central Greece). Geosciences 2021, 11, 36 .
AMA StyleV. Xanthopoulou, I. Iliopoulos, I. Liritzis. Mineralogical and Microstructure Analysis for Characterization and Provenance of Ceramic Artifacts from Late Helladic Kastrouli Settlement, Delphi (Central Greece). Geosciences. 2021; 11 (1):36.
Chicago/Turabian StyleV. Xanthopoulou; I. Iliopoulos; I. Liritzis. 2021. "Mineralogical and Microstructure Analysis for Characterization and Provenance of Ceramic Artifacts from Late Helladic Kastrouli Settlement, Delphi (Central Greece)." Geosciences 11, no. 1: 36.
A ceramic assemblage selected from a recently excavated Late Helladic settlement at Kastrouli (Central Greece) has been chemically analyzed and statistically elaborated, to add new information and contribution to the Mycenaean culture in the wider studied area. The chemical composition of 142 ceramic sherds represented by wide range of household typologies was measured by using a calibrated non-destructive portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) set-up. Fired briquettes prepared from 8 local clay sources and several mixtures of them were similarly analyzed. A robust statistical analysis is applied based on 15 major and minor/trace elements employing hierarchical cluster analysis with several linkages, descriptive statistics, biplots and boxplots, principal component analysis (PCA), as well as, Euclidean and Mahalanobis distances on standardized ratio transformed data. The chemical characterization and the statistical evaluation were coupled by petrographic analysis. The results obtained revealed that some local clay sources and their mixtures are placed within the archaeologically identified broad ceramics group, providing, thus, evidence for a local production of the studied pottery, and artisan's skills employed a variety of manufacture technologies.
Ioannis Liritzis; Vayia Xanthopoulou; Eleni Palamara; Ioulia Papageorgiou; Ioannis Iliopoulos; Nikolaos Zacharias; Asimina Vafiadou; Andreas Germanos Karydas. Characterization and provenance of ceramic artifacts and local clays from Late Mycenaean Kastrouli (Greece) by means of p-XRF screening and statistical analysis. Journal of Cultural Heritage 2020, 46, 61 -81.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Vayia Xanthopoulou, Eleni Palamara, Ioulia Papageorgiou, Ioannis Iliopoulos, Nikolaos Zacharias, Asimina Vafiadou, Andreas Germanos Karydas. Characterization and provenance of ceramic artifacts and local clays from Late Mycenaean Kastrouli (Greece) by means of p-XRF screening and statistical analysis. Journal of Cultural Heritage. 2020; 46 ():61-81.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Vayia Xanthopoulou; Eleni Palamara; Ioulia Papageorgiou; Ioannis Iliopoulos; Nikolaos Zacharias; Asimina Vafiadou; Andreas Germanos Karydas. 2020. "Characterization and provenance of ceramic artifacts and local clays from Late Mycenaean Kastrouli (Greece) by means of p-XRF screening and statistical analysis." Journal of Cultural Heritage 46, no. : 61-81.
The interdisciplinary field of archaeometry covers a wide range of subject categories and disciplines in relation to science and humanities. It is a well-established academic field of study and accredited part of higher education. Since its inception, the nomenclature designation of archaeometry signifies the appropriate methodology applied to archaeological materials and questions emerging from this field, regarding monuments, artifacts, and the reconstruction and management of landscape bearing cultural assets. The measurements of tangible culture denote significant information, such as chronology, authenticity, technology, characterization, provenance, discovering buried antiquities, ancient-day life activities, and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions and modelling; furthermore, proxy data collected from environmental dynamic non-liner perturbations, which link local ecosystems with dwellings, are gathered by academia to study the past. The traditional rooting signifies the cultural legacies of people, which define the human desire and the confidence of memory and future trends. Beyond the mere study of the past, archaeometry’s role increasingly proves affinity to prosperity, if properly managed. The major archaeometrical contributions in cultural heritage and archaeology in general are reviewed herein, and we present the policies that could develop archaeometrical data into a sustainable stage of local, regional, and national economic development. Τhe United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) conventions for the documentation and protection of cultural heritage via new technologies and archaeometry are reviewed and connected to development strategies and sustainable development goals.
Ioannis Liritzis; Elena Korka. Archaeometry’s Role in Cultural Heritage Sustainability and Development. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1972 .
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Elena Korka. Archaeometry’s Role in Cultural Heritage Sustainability and Development. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (7):1972.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Elena Korka. 2019. "Archaeometry’s Role in Cultural Heritage Sustainability and Development." Sustainability 11, no. 7: 1972.
The Kastrouli Late Helladic (LH) III fortified inland site is located in central Greece between the gulfs of Kirrha and Antikyra, not far from Delphi, controlling the communication between these sites. Characteristic ceramic typology from a tomb and the fortified wall indicate a Late Helladic period (∼ 1300–1100 BC) with apparent elements of reuse of the site in the Geometric, Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic times. The present research refers to the dating by luminescence of the stone wall that circumvents the site, a tomb construction and two ceramics. This approach to applying luminescence dating provides an excellent opportunity to search for the Late Bronze Age (LBA) collapse consequences at the site. The thermoluminescence (TL) measurements of two ceramics were carried out following multiple aliquots made of the polymineral material. For the equivalent dose (ED) estimation of pottery samples, the multiple aliquot, additive dose procedure (MAAD) in TL was applied. Prior to age assessment, the firing temperature was estimated also using TL and it is safe to conclude that the firing temperature of the original ceramic was ca. 400 ± 50 °C. For the case of the rock samples collected from the wall and the tomb, the ED was estimated by applying the Single Aliquot Regenerative OSL (SAR OSL) protocol, after later modifications for polymineralic/mixed quartz-feldspathic samples (‘double SAR’ protocol). The ‘double SAR’ protocol procedure includes an infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) measurement at 50 °C before the main OSL. Individual ED values ranged between 3.2 to 16 Grays and were accepted based on the following acceptance criteria: recycling ratio between 0.90 and 1.05, recuperation < 10%, dose recovery within ± 10% uncertainties, limited IR response at room temperature, ability to recycle and recover a laboratory attributed dose. For all the measured aliquots, these criteria were fulfilled. Here, six (6) new dates were produced on well stratified archaeological sections and context; two TL dates of ceramics from Tomb A, two OSL dates from stone wall, and two OSL of in situ stone building material from the tomb; the latter four using the surface luminescence dating (SLD). The latter consisted of several aliquots and sub-surface areas making at the end six SLD ages; for the two ceramics TL ages of 890 ± 240 and 1530 ± 290 BC; for the external fortified wall three dates 125 ± 145, 680 ± 130, 437 ± 140 BC and for the tomb 900 ± 138 and 1350 ± 310 BC. The luminescence dating project reconfirms the Late Mycenaean age and reuse of the tomb almost uninterrupted in later periods.
Ioannis Liritzis; George S. Polymeris; Asimina Vafiadou; Athanasios Sideris; Thomas E. Levy. Luminescence dating of stone wall, tomb and ceramics of Kastrouli (Phokis, Greece) Late Helladic settlement: Case study. Journal of Cultural Heritage 2018, 35, 76 -85.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, George S. Polymeris, Asimina Vafiadou, Athanasios Sideris, Thomas E. Levy. Luminescence dating of stone wall, tomb and ceramics of Kastrouli (Phokis, Greece) Late Helladic settlement: Case study. Journal of Cultural Heritage. 2018; 35 ():76-85.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; George S. Polymeris; Asimina Vafiadou; Athanasios Sideris; Thomas E. Levy. 2018. "Luminescence dating of stone wall, tomb and ceramics of Kastrouli (Phokis, Greece) Late Helladic settlement: Case study." Journal of Cultural Heritage 35, no. : 76-85.
Liritzis, I.; Preka-Papadema, P.; Antonopoulos, P.; Kalachanis, K., and Tzanis, C.G., 2018. Does astronomical and geographical information of Plutarch's De Facie describe a trip beyond the North Atlantic Ocean? In Plutarch's book On the Apparent Face in the Orb of the Moon, the interlocutors develop a dialogue about a trip to the “great continent” beyond the North Atlantic Ocean. By applying modern scientific data, the present reappraisal of the astronomical and geographical elements within this dialogue has produced a novel interpretation of the date and place of the meeting and a journey to the northern Atlantic Ocean. A described solar eclipse is dated to AD 75, making use of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)/Espenak/Meeus list, as well as historical information. The described peculiar, recurrent trips take place every 30 years (when the planet Saturn reaches the Taurus constellation) from the Mediterranean Sea to the Cronian Open Sea, which is identified with northern Atlantic Ocean coasts. It has been suggested that the last mission had returned homeland in April AD 56. The information provided concerns, distances between coastal sites and islands, duration of sea paths in days, and the reported setting and size between the destination place and its gulf with regards to Azov (in Crimea) and the Caspian Sea. Implications of sea currents and the coastal geomorphology of those lands are given. Following strictly the Gulf Stream current, as well as other known sea currents in the northern Atlantic Ocean, and introducing estimated speed for the ship, the geographical location of destination of the Greek settlers is proposedly identified with St. Lawrence Gulf and Newfoundland island. Other unnamed islands mentioned in this dialogue are identified with Norway's islands, Azores, Iceland, Greenland, and Baffin islands. It has been shown that the journey is made with good knowledge of sea currents but by using bright stars and stellar configurations as astronomical nightscape markers that determine the exact orientation of the sailing toward the Iberian Peninsula and back to the eastern Mediterranean, making the current working hypothesis a plausible event.
Ioannis Liritzis; Panagiota Preka-Papadema; Panagiotis Antonopoulos; Konstantinos Kalachanis; Chris Tzanis. Does Astronomical and Geographical Information of Plutarch's De Facie Describe a Trip Beyond the North Atlantic Ocean? Journal of Coastal Research 2018, 343, 651 -674.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Panagiota Preka-Papadema, Panagiotis Antonopoulos, Konstantinos Kalachanis, Chris Tzanis. Does Astronomical and Geographical Information of Plutarch's De Facie Describe a Trip Beyond the North Atlantic Ocean? Journal of Coastal Research. 2018; 343 ():651-674.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Panagiota Preka-Papadema; Panagiotis Antonopoulos; Konstantinos Kalachanis; Chris Tzanis. 2018. "Does Astronomical and Geographical Information of Plutarch's De Facie Describe a Trip Beyond the North Atlantic Ocean?" Journal of Coastal Research 343, no. : 651-674.
The interconnection between cultural heritage found in terrestrial and marine environments is beginning to garner international more scholarly attention as researchers investigate the linkages between human adaptation to changing coastal environments. In terms of world cultural heritage, land and sea should be considered as an integrated system. As climate and environmental change becomes a more pressing global problem, the archaeological record has become the most important deep-time data source for understanding long-term trends of human interaction with their changing environments. The research presented here is part of a larger study that aims to take a transdisciplinary approach to studying at-risk cultural heritage using the tools of cyber-archaeology and remote sensing technologies on the land, in the sea, and from the air. The aim is to develop and apply scientific methods to enhance the digital data collection, curation, analyses, and dissemination of cultural heritage in regions with rich archaeological heritages – in the case presented here, the Phokis region of Greece.
Thomas E. Levy; T. Sideris; M. Howland; B. Liss; G. Tsokas; A. Stambolidis; E. Fikos; G. Vargemezis; P. Tsourlos; A. Georgopoulos; G. Papatheodorou; M. Garaga; D. Christodoulou; R. Norris; I. Rivera-Collazo; I. Liritzis. At-Risk World Heritage, Cyber, and Marine Archaeology: The Kastrouli–Antikyra Bay Land and Sea Project, Phokis, Greece. Cyber-Archaeology and Grand Narratives 2017, 143 -234.
AMA StyleThomas E. Levy, T. Sideris, M. Howland, B. Liss, G. Tsokas, A. Stambolidis, E. Fikos, G. Vargemezis, P. Tsourlos, A. Georgopoulos, G. Papatheodorou, M. Garaga, D. Christodoulou, R. Norris, I. Rivera-Collazo, I. Liritzis. At-Risk World Heritage, Cyber, and Marine Archaeology: The Kastrouli–Antikyra Bay Land and Sea Project, Phokis, Greece. Cyber-Archaeology and Grand Narratives. 2017; ():143-234.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThomas E. Levy; T. Sideris; M. Howland; B. Liss; G. Tsokas; A. Stambolidis; E. Fikos; G. Vargemezis; P. Tsourlos; A. Georgopoulos; G. Papatheodorou; M. Garaga; D. Christodoulou; R. Norris; I. Rivera-Collazo; I. Liritzis. 2017. "At-Risk World Heritage, Cyber, and Marine Archaeology: The Kastrouli–Antikyra Bay Land and Sea Project, Phokis, Greece." Cyber-Archaeology and Grand Narratives , no. : 143-234.
For Digital Cultural Heritage, 3D modeling is an essential practice for the identification, monitoring, conservation, restoration, and enhancement of archaeological objects from artifacts to monuments. In this context 3D computer graphics can support archaeology and heritage policy, offering scholars a “sixth sense” for the understanding of the past, as it allows them to almost relive it. In addition, current trends for 3D video gaming (serious games) and scientific storytelling provide a variety of new approaches towards new, enhanced, and realistic experiences of the past. The research project “Digital Enterprise for Learning Practice of Heritage Initiative FOR Delphi” (Delphi4Delphi) targets most of these issues. In particular, it focuses on educational, research, and social implications of digital heritage, through the use of modern technologies such as digital optical documentation, geographical information systems and georeferencing, big data, video and interactive content production for education, virtual and augmented reality, cyber archaeometry, and Cyber-Archaeology. This chapter presents an overview of Delphi4Delphi in relation to the issues of acquisition, curation, and dissemination of spatial cultural heritage data.
Ioannis Liritzis; George Pavlidis; Spyros Vosinakis; Anestis Koutsoudis; Pantelis Volonakis; Matthew D. Howland; Brady Liss; Thomas E. Levy. Delphi4Delphi: Data Acquisition of Spatial Cultural Heritage Data for Ancient Delphi, Greece. Digital Methods and Remote Sensing in Archaeology 2017, 151 -165.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, George Pavlidis, Spyros Vosinakis, Anestis Koutsoudis, Pantelis Volonakis, Matthew D. Howland, Brady Liss, Thomas E. Levy. Delphi4Delphi: Data Acquisition of Spatial Cultural Heritage Data for Ancient Delphi, Greece. Digital Methods and Remote Sensing in Archaeology. 2017; ():151-165.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; George Pavlidis; Spyros Vosinakis; Anestis Koutsoudis; Pantelis Volonakis; Matthew D. Howland; Brady Liss; Thomas E. Levy. 2017. "Delphi4Delphi: Data Acquisition of Spatial Cultural Heritage Data for Ancient Delphi, Greece." Digital Methods and Remote Sensing in Archaeology , no. : 151-165.
Digital media and learning initiatives for virtual collaborative environments are contributing to the definition of new (sub-)disciplines in archaeological and heritage sciences. New nomenclature and terminology is emerging such as cyber archaeology, cyber archaeometry, virtual worlds and augmented and immersive realities; and all of them are related to museums and cultural heritage—tangible, intangible or natural (Forte 2010; Liritziset al. 2015).
Ioannis Liritzis; George Pavlidis; Spyros Vosynakis; Anestis Koutsoudis; Pantelis Volonakis; Nikos Petrochilos; Matthew D. Howland; Brady Liss; Thomas E. Levy. Delphi4Delphi: first results of the digital archaeology initiative for ancient Delphi, Greece. Antiquity 2016, 90, 1 .
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, George Pavlidis, Spyros Vosynakis, Anestis Koutsoudis, Pantelis Volonakis, Nikos Petrochilos, Matthew D. Howland, Brady Liss, Thomas E. Levy. Delphi4Delphi: first results of the digital archaeology initiative for ancient Delphi, Greece. Antiquity. 2016; 90 (354):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; George Pavlidis; Spyros Vosynakis; Anestis Koutsoudis; Pantelis Volonakis; Nikos Petrochilos; Matthew D. Howland; Brady Liss; Thomas E. Levy. 2016. "Delphi4Delphi: first results of the digital archaeology initiative for ancient Delphi, Greece." Antiquity 90, no. 354: 1.
Five temples of Apollo on Mainland Greece and Ancient Ionia (Asia Minor), namely Delphi, Didyma, Hierapolis, Delos and Rhodes, have been examined regarding their functioning through astronomical orientation. Recent research has shown that the rise, setting, orbit and observation of certain constellations in the celestial sphere, as well as the solar stands, can be directly related to the architecture of the temple, i.e. construction, orientation, and keeping a calendar of the most important Apollonian oracular temple at Delphi. Here this lunar-solar-stellar configuration has been applied to other significant temples of Apollo. It is shown that at Didyma, Hierapolis and Delphi, the celestial pattern, as well as the landscape, local geology and architecture are similar, but different in temples without oracular function (Delos and Rhodes). Measurements were carried out by in situ readings and by Google Map tools.
Belen Martin Castro; Ioannis Liritzis; Anne Nyquist. Oracular Functioning and Architecture of Five Ancient Apollo Temples Through Archaeoastronomy: Novel Approach and Interpretation. Nexus Network Journal 2015, 18, 373 -395.
AMA StyleBelen Martin Castro, Ioannis Liritzis, Anne Nyquist. Oracular Functioning and Architecture of Five Ancient Apollo Temples Through Archaeoastronomy: Novel Approach and Interpretation. Nexus Network Journal. 2015; 18 (2):373-395.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBelen Martin Castro; Ioannis Liritzis; Anne Nyquist. 2015. "Oracular Functioning and Architecture of Five Ancient Apollo Temples Through Archaeoastronomy: Novel Approach and Interpretation." Nexus Network Journal 18, no. 2: 373-395.
Obsidian: Obsidian is an aluminosilicate, or rhyolitic, glass, formed by rapid cooling of volcanic magma under the proper geologic conditions. As any other glass, it is not a crystal, and thus it lacks the lattice structure typical of crystals at the atomic level. However, glasses do possess some degree of spatial order. Thus, it is an amorphous natural glass that contains pristine water Η2Ο and sparse crystals of variable sizes of a few microns. The surface is weathered in the atmosphere and the environmental context. Composition: 70–75 % SiO2, 10–15 % Al2O3, 3–5 % Na2O, 2–5 % K2O, 1–5 % FeO3 + FeO (in contrast to iron-bearing glass and silica-enriched leached rinds on obsidian glass recently discovered on Mars that are representative of global processes of explosive volcanism potentially implying widespread acidic leaching on Mars due to oxidizing and acidic solutions). Obsidian rocks were used by early peoples for the making of their tools and implements.
Ioannis Liritzis. Obsidian Hydration Dating. Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics 2015, 609 -623.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis. Obsidian Hydration Dating. Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics. 2015; ():609-623.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis. 2015. "Obsidian Hydration Dating." Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics , no. : 609-623.
Obsidian: Obsidian is an aluminosilicate, or rhyolitic, glass, formed by rapid cooling of volcanic magma under the proper geologic conditions. As any other glass, it is not a crystal, and thus it lacks the lattice structure typical of crystals at the atomic level. However, glasses do possess some degree of spatial order. Thus, it is an amorphous natural glass that contains pristine water Η2Ο and sparse crystals of variable sizes of a few microns. The surface is weathered in the atmosphere and the environmental context. Composition: 70–75 % SiO2, 10–15 % Al2O3, 3–5 %Na2O, 2–5 % K2O, 1–5 % FeO3 + FeO (in contrast to iron-bearing glass and silica-enriched leached rinds on obsidian glass recently discovered on Mars that are representative of global processes of explosive volcanism potentially implying widespread acidic leaching on Mars due to oxidizing and acidic solutions). Obsidian rocks were used by early peoples for the making of their tools and implements.
Ioannis Liritzis. Obsidian Hydration Dating. Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics 2014, 1 -23.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis. Obsidian Hydration Dating. Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics. 2014; ():1-23.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis. 2014. "Obsidian Hydration Dating." Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics , no. : 1-23.
Half a century after the publication of the first Thermoluminescence (TL) ages, the field of Luminescence Dating has reached a level of maturity. Both research and applications from all fields of archaeological science, from archaeological materials to anthropology and geoarchaeology, now routinely employ luminescence dating. The advent of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques and the potential for exploring a spectrum from mono-minerallic single grains to polymineral multi-aliquots enhanced the applicability, accuracy and the precision of luminescence dating. The present contribution reviews the physical basis, mechanisms and methodological aspects of luminescence dating; discusses advances in instrumentations and facilities, improvements in analytical procedures, and statistical treatment of data along with some examples of applications across continents. The case studies review the dating of heated and solar bleached archaeological material (artefacts, sediments, rocks, rock art and buildings) that cover all periods from Middle Palaeolithic to Medieval Eras and both Old and New World archaeology. They also include interdisciplinary applications that contribute to palaeo-landscape reconstruction.
Ioannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. Conclusions. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba 2013, 65 -66.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Ashok Kumar Singhvi, James K. Feathers, Gunther A. Wagner, Annette Kadereit, Nikolaos Zacharias, Sheng-Hua Li. Conclusions. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba. 2013; ():65-66.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. 2013. "Conclusions." Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba , no. : 65-66.
Half a century after the publication of the first Thermoluminescence (TL) ages, the field of Luminescence Dating has reached a level of maturity. Both research and applications from all fields of archaeological science, from archaeological materials to anthropology and geoarchaeology, now routinely employ luminescence dating. The advent of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques and the potential for exploring a spectrum from mono-minerallic single grains to polymineral multi-aliquots enhanced the applicability, accuracy and the precision of luminescence dating. The present contribution reviews the physical basis, mechanisms and methodological aspects of luminescence dating; discusses advances in instrumentations and facilities, improvements in analytical procedures, and statistical treatment of data along with some examples of applications across continents. The case studies review the dating of heated and solar bleached archaeological material (artefacts, sediments, rocks, rock art and buildings) that cover all periods from Middle Palaeolithic to Medieval Eras and both Old and New World archaeology. They also include interdisciplinary applications that contribute to palaeo-landscape reconstruction.
Ioannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. Dose Rate. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba 2013, 21 -24.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Ashok Kumar Singhvi, James K. Feathers, Gunther A. Wagner, Annette Kadereit, Nikolaos Zacharias, Sheng-Hua Li. Dose Rate. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba. 2013; ():21-24.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. 2013. "Dose Rate." Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba , no. : 21-24.
Half a century after the publication of the first Thermoluminescence (TL) ages, the field of Luminescence Dating has reached a level of maturity. Both research and applications from all fields of archaeological science, from archaeological materials to anthropology and geoarchaeology, now routinely employ luminescence dating. The advent of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques and the potential for exploring a spectrum from mono-minerallic single grains to polymineral multi-aliquots enhanced the applicability, accuracy and the precision of luminescence dating. The present contribution reviews the physical basis, mechanisms and methodological aspects of luminescence dating; discusses advances in instrumentations and facilities, improvements in analytical procedures, and statistical treatment of data along with some examples of applications across continents. The case studies review the dating of heated and solar bleached archaeological material (artefacts, sediments, rocks, rock art and buildings) that cover all periods from Middle Palaeolithic to Medieval Eras and both Old and New World archaeology. They also include interdisciplinary applications that contribute to palaeo-landscape reconstruction.
Ioannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. Luminescence Dating Protocols and Dating Range. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba 2013, 5 -20.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Ashok Kumar Singhvi, James K. Feathers, Gunther A. Wagner, Annette Kadereit, Nikolaos Zacharias, Sheng-Hua Li. Luminescence Dating Protocols and Dating Range. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba. 2013; ():5-20.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. 2013. "Luminescence Dating Protocols and Dating Range." Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba , no. : 5-20.
Half a century after the publication of the first Thermoluminescence (TL) ages, the field of Luminescence Dating has reached a level of maturity. Both research and applications from all fields of archaeological science, from archaeological materials to anthropology and geoarchaeology, now routinely employ luminescence dating. The advent of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques and the potential for exploring a spectrum from mono-minerallic single grains to polymineral multi-aliquots enhanced the applicability, accuracy and the precision of luminescence dating. The present contribution reviews the physical basis, mechanisms and methodological aspects of luminescence dating; discusses advances in instrumentations and facilities, improvements in analytical procedures, and statistical treatment of data along with some examples of applications across continents. The case studies review the dating of heated and solar bleached archaeological material (artefacts, sediments, rocks, rock art and buildings) that cover all periods from Middle Palaeolithic to Medieval Eras and both Old and New World archaeology. They also include interdisciplinary applications that contribute to palaeo-landscape reconstruction.
Ioannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. Introduction. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba 2013, 1 -4.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Ashok Kumar Singhvi, James K. Feathers, Gunther A. Wagner, Annette Kadereit, Nikolaos Zacharias, Sheng-Hua Li. Introduction. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba. 2013; ():1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. 2013. "Introduction." Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba , no. : 1-4.
Half a century after the publication of the first Thermoluminescence (TL) ages, the field of Luminescence Dating has reached a level of maturity. Both research and applications from all fields of archaeological science, from archaeological materials to anthropology and geoarchaeology, now routinely employ luminescence dating. The advent of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques and the potential for exploring a spectrum from mono-minerallic single grains to polymineral multi-aliquots enhanced the applicability, accuracy and the precision of luminescence dating. The present contribution reviews the physical basis, mechanisms and methodological aspects of luminescence dating; discusses advances in instrumentations and facilities, improvements in analytical procedures, and statistical treatment of data along with some examples of applications across continents. The case studies review the dating of heated and solar bleached archaeological material (artefacts, sediments, rocks, rock art and buildings) that cover all periods from Middle Palaeolithic to Medieval Eras and both Old and New World archaeology. They also include interdisciplinary applications that contribute to palaeo-landscape reconstruction.
Ioannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. Meteoritic Impacts, Tsunamis. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba 2013, 61 -63.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Ashok Kumar Singhvi, James K. Feathers, Gunther A. Wagner, Annette Kadereit, Nikolaos Zacharias, Sheng-Hua Li. Meteoritic Impacts, Tsunamis. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba. 2013; ():61-63.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. 2013. "Meteoritic Impacts, Tsunamis." Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba , no. : 61-63.
Half a century after the publication of the first Thermoluminescence (TL) ages, the field of Luminescence Dating has reached a level of maturity. Both research and applications from all fields of archaeological science, from archaeological materials to anthropology and geoarchaeology, now routinely employ luminescence dating. The advent of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques and the potential for exploring a spectrum from mono-minerallic single grains to polymineral multi-aliquots enhanced the applicability, accuracy and the precision of luminescence dating. The present contribution reviews the physical basis, mechanisms and methodological aspects of luminescence dating; discusses advances in instrumentations and facilities, improvements in analytical procedures, and statistical treatment of data along with some examples of applications across continents. The case studies review the dating of heated and solar bleached archaeological material (artefacts, sediments, rocks, rock art and buildings) that cover all periods from Middle Palaeolithic to Medieval Eras and both Old and New World archaeology. They also include interdisciplinary applications that contribute to palaeo-landscape reconstruction.
Ioannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. Luminescence Dating in Geomorphological and Geoarchaeological Research in Europe: Application Examples. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba 2013, 45 -59.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Ashok Kumar Singhvi, James K. Feathers, Gunther A. Wagner, Annette Kadereit, Nikolaos Zacharias, Sheng-Hua Li. Luminescence Dating in Geomorphological and Geoarchaeological Research in Europe: Application Examples. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba. 2013; ():45-59.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. 2013. "Luminescence Dating in Geomorphological and Geoarchaeological Research in Europe: Application Examples." Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba , no. : 45-59.
Half a century after the publication of the first Thermoluminescence (TL) ages, the field of Luminescence Dating has reached a level of maturity. Both research and applications from all fields of archaeological science, from archaeological materials to anthropology and geoarchaeology, now routinely employ luminescence dating. The advent of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques and the potential for exploring a spectrum from mono-minerallic single grains to polymineral multi-aliquots enhanced the applicability, accuracy and the precision of luminescence dating. The present contribution reviews the physical basis, mechanisms and methodological aspects of luminescence dating; discusses advances in instrumentations and facilities, improvements in analytical procedures, and statistical treatment of data along with some examples of applications across continents. The case studies review the dating of heated and solar bleached archaeological material (artefacts, sediments, rocks, rock art and buildings) that cover all periods from Middle Palaeolithic to Medieval Eras and both Old and New World archaeology. They also include interdisciplinary applications that contribute to palaeo-landscape reconstruction.
Ioannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. Luminescence-Based Authenticity Testing. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba 2013, 41 -43.
AMA StyleIoannis Liritzis, Ashok Kumar Singhvi, James K. Feathers, Gunther A. Wagner, Annette Kadereit, Nikolaos Zacharias, Sheng-Hua Li. Luminescence-Based Authenticity Testing. Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba. 2013; ():41-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Liritzis; Ashok Kumar Singhvi; James K. Feathers; Gunther A. Wagner; Annette Kadereit; Nikolaos Zacharias; Sheng-Hua Li. 2013. "Luminescence-Based Authenticity Testing." Oil and Gas Exploration in Cuba , no. : 41-43.