We present a survey on the environmental contamination of the Alviano Lake territory (Central Italy) based on Apis mellifera ligustica samples collected in two annual samplings (2019–2020). Concentrations of 30 elements were determined in the whole bees, in the gaster, and in the body without the gaster. The study generally revealed a low level of contamination of the bee tissues. However, As showed higher concentrations than in other rural areas, although lower than in samples from urban and productive areas. On the other hand, despite the environmental context, Hg showed limited contamination levels, with the exception of a single sample. Elemental analysis along the longitudinal axis of the bees’ bodies showed greater and statistically significant presences of V, Al, Be, Pb, Cd, Co, Mn, Ba, and Sr in the gaster. The only exceptions concerned As and S (and to a lesser extent Hg), with higher concentrations found in the body without the gaster. We hypothesise that this selectivity maybe due to the affinity of these elements with S, which is abundant in the proteins of the flight muscles in the insect thorax, which are rich in amino acids containing the –SH group.

The management of municipal solid waste presents a significant challenge for cities. Facilities dedicated to sorting, treating, and recycling waste (including plastic, glass, metals, aluminium, and wood) play a crucial environmental role in urban areas, contributing to sustainable development. Since combustion processes are not involved, any potential chemical impact of the facility on the surrounding area are likely to result from the emissions of metals and metalloids. In this study, the bioaccumulation of Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn in the tissues of honeybees (Apis mellifera ligustica) was employed as a reference to assess the environmental quality of the area near a municipal waste sorting and storage facility located in Ponte Rio, Perugia (Umbria, Central Italy), which serves as the case study here. No higher contamination levels were found in the facility area compared to the suburban territory of Perugia, where the bioaccumulation levels of these elements in honeybees frequently exhibited higher values. The application of the Honeybee Contamination Index (HCI) confirmed these results. Therefore, the operation of this waste sorting facility is sustainable concerning environmental contamination by chemicals.