Proposing nanotechnology-based minimally invasive techniques to provide a new opportunity for pancreatic carcinoma treatment.

Electroacupuncture (EA) has demonstrated protective effects against hepatic ischemia‐reperfusion injury (HIRI) in rat models. This study aimed to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms by which EA exerts its protective effects against HIRI. Gene expression microarray data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed to identify genes associated with HIRI, followed by differential expression analysis. Our results revealed that EA treatment significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in liver tissues. Histological analysis indicated decreased necrotic areas and apoptosis in EA‐treated liver tissues. Molecular assessments demonstrated that EA downregulated Esr1 expression and inhibited the activation of the TAK1–JNK/p38 signaling pathway, thereby reducing hepatocyte apoptosis and inflammatory responses. These findings suggest that EA serves as a potent therapeutic approach to alleviate HIRI by targeting the Esr1/TAK1–JNK/p38 signaling pathway.

Bladder cancer is characterized by substantial molecular heterogeneity that complicates prognostic assessment and therapeutic decision‐making. DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways play a central role in maintaining genomic stability, yet a comprehensive genomics‐based stratification framework centered on DDR alterations remains insufficiently defined. In this study, we performed an integrative genomic analysis of 406 bladder cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis was applied to identify bladder cancer–relevant DDR modules from a curated DDR gene set. Protein–protein interaction analysis prioritized 44 core DDR genes for molecular classification. Unsupervised consensus clustering revealed two DDR‐associated molecular subtypes with significantly distinct overall survival and transcriptional programs. One subtype exhibited enrichment of immune‐related pathways and stromal signatures, whereas the other was characterized by enhanced cell‐cycle progression and DNA replication activity. To enable individualized prognostic prediction, an eight‐gene DDR‐associated signature was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and multivariable Cox regression analyses. The model effectively stratified patients into high‐ and low‐risk groups and demonstrated stable predictive performance, with 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year area under the curve values of 0.745, 0.736, and 0.754, respectively. The signature was further evaluated in an independent GEO cohort (GSE13507), in which DDR‐based clustering and risk stratification showed consistent prognostic trends, supporting the generalizability of the framework. High‐risk tumors displayed increased tumor mutational burden, distinct immune infiltration patterns, and differential predicted drug sensitivity profiles. Protein‐level validation supported dysregulated expression of key genes in tumor tissues. Collectively, this integrative genomics study establishes a DDR‐centered molecular classification and prognostic framework, providing insights into genomic instability–driven heterogeneity and potential strategies for precision stratification in bladder cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis and responds poorly to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Lactate is abundant in the tumor microenv