In this study, we report the second endoparasitic relationship for the oenonid Labrorostratus caribensis, previously described parasitizing a nereid polychaete. The new host is the syllid Haplosyllis rosenalessoae, in which it occupies 2/3 of its body cavity host. This is the second endoparasitic relationship between polychaetes and the first between both partners in known for Brazil, as well as the first record of the parasite outside the type locality (Caribbean) and of the host in the State of Bahia. We discuss on the interest of the finding of these king of parasitic relationships and provide an identification key to all knwon species of Labrorostratus.

The genus Callinectes comprises seven species of blue crab found on the Brazilian coast, almost all are recorded in Cachoeira River estuary. The objective of this study is to analyse distribution of Callinectes species in the estuary of Cachoeira River (Ilhéus, Bahia). Monthly collections were conducted in the low tide of neap tide for a year and in five stations distributed according to the estuary salinity gradient. Six traps were assembled and submerged at each station for two hours. Sediment samples were collected for granulometric characterization and measuring of organic matter content. Temperature, salinity and pH were also measured in the bottom water, as well as water transparency at the start of each collection. Five species were collected: Callinectes danae, C. ornatus, C. exasperatus, C. larvatus and C. bocourti. The species presented different distribution patterns based on the salinity gradient and transversal profile of the estuary. Only C. danae was found in all collection points, and was the most abundant species throughout the study period. Callinectes ornatus was restricted to external estuarine areas, which presented higher salinity and transparency values. Callinectes larvatus predominantly occurred in the external station and estuary partitions, mainly in the margin. In spite of the occurrence of C. exasperatus throughout the entire estuary, this species was restricted to the margin. This study supports the assumption that species distribution patterns of this genus are the result of both variable influence, namely salinity, and complex intraspecific and interspecific relations between the congeneric species.

Various animals live in termite nests as secondary occupants. Among them are terrestrial isopods. We found five species of terrestrial isopods (Oniscidea) in 17 of 34 termite nests of Nasutitermes in a cocoa plantation near Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil (in 2 aging and 15 abandoned nests). The 14 active, 1 aging and 2 abandoned nests bore no isopods. The oniscideans were Atlantoscia rubromarginata, an undescribed species of Atlantoscia (Philosciidae), Pudeoniscus birabeni, P. obscurus (Pudeoniscidae) and Neotroponiscus carolii (Bathytropidae). Of the 146 individuals collected, 122 were A. rubromarginata. Due to the absence of isopods in active nests, these terrestrial isopods are considered termitariophilous.

This study comprises the description of relative growth and sexual maturity of a population of Palaemon pandaliformis Stimpson, 1871 in Salsa River (Northeastern Brazil). Samples were collected monthly between September 2009 and August 2010. Females were larger, heavier, and showed a greater allometric coefficient (b) than male specimens. Only carapace length vs. pleura length in females presented a significant difference in the relative growth pattern, indicating a puberty moult. This relationship is strictly correlated to reproduction and its success rate in female shrimps. Estimated carapace length in 50% of mature females (CL50) was 4.53 mm. It was not possible to compare obtained CL50 results due to a lack of studies on this species. Comparison was based on the size of the smallest captured ovigerous female (3.81 CL mm), which is within the scope of recorded size for estuaries located in higher latitudes. This study reveals the lack of research on this genre in freshwater environments on a national and global scale.

A pesca do camarão-sete-barbas, é eficaz na obtenção da espécie-alvo, mas pouco seletiva por capturar elevada quantidade de fauna acompanhante. Diante disso, o presente estudo buscou caracterizar as capturas camaroeiras no litoral catarinense, como também evidenciar padrões ambientais e a composição da carcinofauna registrada. Campanhas mensais (140) ocorreram em três pontos de estudo, totalizando 420 arrastos, os quais foram agrupados por estação do ano. A Análise Discriminante demonstrou oscilação na salinidade e temperatura entre as estações. A carcinofauna foi composta por espécies com abundí­¢ncias e frequências distintas, sendo que aparentemente as variações das condições ambientais estiveram associadas í­Â formação de comunidades sazonais na área, conforme os resultados obtidos pela análise ANOSIM (R = 0,247; p = 0,001). A Análise da Porcentagem compreensão sobre o funcionamento do ecossistema explorado de Similaridade evidenciou que as espécies que mais contribuí­­ram para as diferenças foram: X. kroyeri, A. longinaris, P. muelleri e C. ornatus. Tais variações resultaram em proporções de recursoalvo/carcinofauna diferentes (Qui-Quadrado: X2 = 31,01; GL = 6; p < 0,000001).