Green technological innovation is an essential pathway for transforming extensive production methods characterized by “high energy and high emissions”, achieving corporate green transformation, and ascending the value chain. Adhering to the scientific principles of energy conservation, emission reduction, and low-carbon development, this study, set against the backdrop of carbon peak, constructs a green technological innovation ecosystem comprising government, enterprises, and consumers. It analyzes the evolutionary processes of each stakeholder and the system under different scenarios, further simulating the impact of various factors on system equilibrium through numerical simulations. The research reveals that proactive government regulation can guide enterprises toward green technological innovation and the development of low-carbon production; an increase in consumers’ green preferences helps to expand the green consumer market and stimulates enterprises’ willingness to innovate greenly; and the initial strong willingness of each stakeholder significantly influences the system’s evolutionary path. Based on evolutionary game theory, this paper enriches the theory of green technological innovation ecosystems and provides references for overcoming barriers such as the difficulty in expanding the green consumer market and the premium pricing of green products during the green consumption process.

Against the backdrop of China’s growing demand for high-level applied talents, this study adopts Bandura’s Social Learning Theory to explore multilevel factors influencing the quality of cultivating innovative and practical ability among professional degree postgraduates. It constructs an analytical framework encompassing three core dimensions: students’ internal motivation and practical competence, the guidance capacity of dual-supervisors, and the supportive role of practical teaching environments. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) with data from 196 valid survey responses, the research empirically examines both direct and indirect impacts of these factors on the depth and breadth of capability development. Key findings reveal that students’ intrinsic motivation and practical literacy, dual-supervisors’ ethical standards and instructional expertise, and well-equipped, policy-supported, innovation-oriented practice bases significantly enhance cultivation outcomes. These results not only provide theoretical insights into the mechanisms of capability formation but also offer practical guidance for universities and policymakers to optimize talent cultivation strategies. By bridging the gap between academic theory and industrial practice, the study contributes to advancing China’s high-quality, practice-oriented postgraduate education system and addressing industry demands for skilled professionals.