Machine learning models have been widely used in the field of cutting tool wear identification, achieving favorable results. However, in actual industrial scenarios, obtaining sufficient labeled samples is time consuming and costly, while unlabeled samples are abundant and easy to collect. This situation significantly affects the model’s performance. To address this challenge, a novel semi-supervised method, based on long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, is provided. The proposed method leverages both small labeled and abundant unlabeled data to improve tool wear identification performance. The proposed method trains an initial tool wear regression model using LSTM, using a small amount of labeled samples. It then uses manifold regularization to generate pseudo-labels for the unlabeled samples. These pseudo-labeled samples are combined with the original labeled samples to retrain the MR–LSTM model iteratively to improve its performance. This process continues until a termination condition is met. The method considers the correlation between sample labels and feature structures, as well as the correlation between global and local sample labels. Experiments involving milling tool wear identification demonstrate that the proposed method significantly outperforms support vector regression (SVR) and recurrent neural network (RNN)-based methods, when a small amount of labeled samples and abundant unlabeled samples are available. The average R² values in terms of the proposed method’s predicted results can reach above 0.95. The proposed method is a potential technique for low-cost tool wear identification, without the need to collect a large number of labeled samples.

With the rapid development of the electronic information industry, more and more attention has been paid to piezoelectric ceramic materials, but the electrical properties and characteristics of piezoelectric ceramic materials have problems such as high cost and inconvenient measurement. In this paper, a new method of electroinduced strain measurement of piezoelectric ceramics is proposed, and an innovative measuring device is constructed based on the working mode and testing principle of an optical displacement sensor and piezoelectric ceramics. An optical displacement measuring device with a simple structure, convenient operation, high measurement accuracy, and good cost benefit was designed and manufactured, and the electroinduced strain performance of piezoelectric ceramics was effectively measured. It is verified by experimental analysis that the device can accurately measure the axial displacement of various piezoelectric ceramics, the measurement accuracy is comparable to the existing equipment, the error is less than 10%, and has good stability and repeatability, which provides a reliable technical means for the performance measurement of piezoelectric ceramics.