Objectives: We previously reported a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (25OHD < 20 ng/mL) in Japanese pregnant women with threatened premature delivery. This study aimed to assess nutritional status and its relationship with bone-related markers and microarchitecture, as measured using quantitative ultrasonography (QUS), in Japanese women during the perinatal period. Methods: We recruited Japanese women who had just delivered at Fujita Health University Hospital (n = 103, cesarean/vaginal delivery = 50/53, age 33.9 ± 4.9 years). On the third day postpartum, their calcaneal QUS was measured, and fasting blood samples were collected. Results: The mean total energy intake (1720 ± 298 kcal/day) was lower than the normal range for Japanese women (2100 kcal/day). Their calcium intake (446 ± 130 mg/day) was significantly below the recommended daily intake (RDI) in Japan (660 mg/day), with 95% of participants consuming less than the RDI. Although the average vitamin D intake (8.7 ± 1.8 μg/day) met the Japanese RDI (8.5 μg/day), 36% of participants consumed less than the RDI. Calcium intake was positively associated with the intake of lipids, protein, and vitamins A, D, and K. Additionally, calcium intake but not vitamin D intake tended to correlate with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels. The QUS indices showed no significant association with calcium or vitamin D intake. Conclusions: During the perinatal period, Japanese women had low calcium intake and relatively low vitamin D intake, accompanied by reduced 25OHD levels. These findings highlight the need for public health recommendations and policies to promote adequate calcium and vitamin D intake during pregnancy.

Uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) is a rare and aggressive gynecological cancer with high recurrence rates and is associated with a poor prognosis. It is also characterized by a high frequency of copy number alterations (CNAs). This study aimed to determine which gene CNA contributes to progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with UCS to identify potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of surgical specimens from 24 patients with UCS who were treated at Fujita Health University. Using the PleSSision-Rapid test, the mutation information of 145 cancer genes was analyzed. Oncoplot analysis was used to visualize gene mutation profiles. χ² test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and log-rank test were used for statistical analyses. The most frequently observed gene mutation was TP53 in the 24 UCS cases studied, while genes associated with the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, including PIK3CA, PTEN, PIK3R1, and PIK3R2 were commonly detected. In the χ² test analysis, TP53 loss (p=0.029), PIK3CA amplification (p=0.034), and TSC2 loss (p=0.034) were significantly associated with recurrence. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated a significant association between PIK3CA amplification and TSC2 loss with PFS, as determined by the log-rank test (p<0.05). In patients with UCS, TSC2 loss is linked to poorer PFS, highlighting its utility as a prognostic marker. The association between TSC2 loss and increased recurrence risk highlights the potential therapeutic advantage of targeting the mTOR pathway in TSC2-deficient tumors.

While various immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have been associated with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), gastritis as an irAE remains a rarely documented condition. We report a case of immune-related gastritis following cemiplimab administration, accompanied by a review of the relevant literature. A 75-year-old woman, gravida 4, para 2, underwent six cycles of cemiplimab as second-line treatment for FIGO stage IIB squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Cemiplimab was discontinued 140 days after the initial dose due to the onset of anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. However, her symptoms did not improve during the subsequent follow-up. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed erythema and edematous changes of the mucosa, predominantly in the pyloric region, along with friable, easily bleeding mucosa and white exudate. Histopathological examination of the biopsied tissue showed dense intraepithelial infiltration of CD8-positive lymphocytes. These findings were consistent with irAE gastritis. As fasting alone failed to improve the symptoms, prednisolone (PSL) was initiated, resulting in amelioration of both symptoms and endoscopic findings. Cemiplimab-induced immune-related gastritis can be diagnosed based on its characteristic endoscopic and histopathological features, similar to irAE gastritis caused by other immune checkpoint inhibitors.