The formation of honeycomb-like structures in the pulsating overpotential (PO) regime was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The honeycomb-like structures obtained with a square-wave PO of different pause to pulse ratios were compared to the one obtained in the constant potentiostatic regime. Increasing the pause to pulse ratio led to a decrease of the diameter of the holes formed by attached hydrogen bubbles, as well as to an increase in the number of holes formed at the surface area of copper electrodes. The size of the agglomerates of copper grains, of which the walls of the holes were constructed, was reduced with increasing duration of the pause. Also, the uniformity of the honeycomb-like structures was increased by application of the PO regime. It was shown that the effects attained by application of this regime were comparable with those obtained by electrodeposition in a constant potential regime with the addition of specific additives.

Titanium(IV) oxide in the form of anatase has proven to be the best choice for photoanodic material in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The aim of the work was to study the influence of binder molecular weight on the morphology of deposited films, and consequently, DSC parameters. For this study, five different TiO2 tape casting slips were prepared from commercially available nanoanatase powder and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a binder. The process of drying and sintering was carefully designed, so that the organic template was slowly decomposed, leaving favorable crack-free, porous structure. It was found that there is an optimal region of binder molecular weight for obtaining homogeneous, nonagglomerated and porous microstructure which is a necessary condition for application of TiO2 films in DSCs.