This study systematically analyzed research trends and hot issues in the field of geological hazard prediction using bibliometric analysis methods. A total of 12,123 related articles published from 1976 to 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science (WOS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Co-occurrence analysis and burst detection were conducted on the literature using the VOSviewer and CiteSpace tools to identify the research trends in geological hazard monitoring technologies. The results reveal that “data fusion”, “landslide identification”, “deep learning”, and “risk early warning” are currently the main research hot spots. Additionally, the combined application of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) technologies, as well as GNSS and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models, were identified as important directions for future research. The bibliometric perspective offers a systematic theoretical framework and technical guidance for future research, thereby facilitating the sustainable advancement of safety, security, and disaster management.

In the context of rapid urbanization and extreme climate change globally, balancing ecological resources and economic development for land spatial planning has become one of the pressing issues that need to be addressed. This study proposes a composite model to construct a spatial ecological security pattern. It identifies restoration areas with different risk levels based on the spatial distribution of land use, offering suggestions for optimizing spatial configuration. Focusing on the central Shaanxi region of the Yellow River Basin in China, ecological sources are identified by integrating ecological factors, and ecological corridors and restoration zones are extracted using the minimum cumulative resistance difference and circuit theory. The results indicate significant improvements in ecological quality and desertification in the study area from 2000 to 2020. Currently, the core area covers 51,649.71 km², accounting for 62.18% of all landscape types; the total ecological source area covers 31,304.88 km², representing 18.84% of the entire area. These ecological source areas are mainly distributed in the northern Loess Plateau and the southern mountainous regions. The area has 26 important ecological corridors, identifying 16 ecological pinch points and 12 ecological barriers, presenting an ecological security pattern characterized by a grid-like structure in the northern region and a dispersed pattern in the southern region. Additionally, 273.72 km² of ecological restoration priority areas and 197.98 square kilometers of ecological restoration encouragement areas are proposed as key planning regions for ecological environmental protection. This study provides references for optimizing spatial configuration to promote the sustainable development of urban and rural living environments in the Yellow River Basin.