Background: The use of ultrasound-based measurements to determine renal size has proven valuable in the diagnosis of renal function and associated disorders. The dimensions of the abdominal organs are affected by an individual’s body age, height, sex, and weight. The objective of this study was to establish the standard sonographic parameters for renal dimensions and to determine the correlation between body measurements and renal dimensions in a population of healthy adults residing in Jazan City, Saudi Arabia. Methods: The present study was a prospective study conducted at a single center located in Jazan City from February to August 2022. Ninety-five participants underwent abdominal ultrasonography. The process of measuring renal size through sonography entails the measurement of various dimensions of the kidney, such as renal length, width, and thickness. The demographic information of the participants, including their sex, age, height, and weight, was documented. All analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v27 software. Results: The dimensions of the right kidney, specifically the length, width, and thickness, had mean value of 9.79 centimeters (cm), 5.09 cm, and 4.10 cm, respectively. The left kidney had mean dimensions of 10.1 cm, 5.09 cm, and 4.10 cm for length, width, and thickness, respectively. The left kidney was larger than the right kidney. Furthermore, male participants exhibited larger kidney measurements than their female counterparts did. A noteworthy positive correlation was observed between the thickness of the left kidney and sex, whereas no significant correlations were found with age, weight, or height. Conclusion: The current study revealed that the kidney dimensions were observed to be larger in males as compared to females. The research findings indicate that there is no significant correlation between kidney dimensions and various demographic factors, such as age, height, weight, and sex. In addition, this study provides reference tables for further use.

Background and aim: Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related death among women globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical to improving survival outcomes. This study compares the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography and mammography in detecting breast carcinoma, using histopathology as the gold standard. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in a radiology department at a tertiary care hospital, including 240 female patients presenting with clinically palpable breast lesions. Each participant underwent both mammography and ultrasonography prior to biopsy. Data collection included lesion characteristics, imaging findings, and histopathological results. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and overall accuracy. Results: Ultrasound demonstrated a consistent diagnostic accuracy of 86.3% in both breasts, with high NPVs (≥95.7%) and good sensitivity in dense tissue. Mammography showed variability between sides: accuracy was 81.7% on the right and 94.6% on the left, with left-sided sensitivity reaching 100%. Ultrasound was more effective in identifying hyperechoic lesions and smooth margins, while mammography was superior in detecting calcifications and architectural distortions. Statistical testing confirmed significant associations ( P < 0.001) for all modality comparisons with histopathology. Conclusion: This study highlights the complementary diagnostic value of ultrasonography and mammography in the evaluation of breast carcinoma. Ultrasound demonstrated consistent diagnostic accuracy and strong NPV, making it particularly valuable in premenopausal women and those with dense breast tissue. Mammography, on the other hand, showed superiority in detecting microcalcifications and subtle architectural distortions, underscoring its indispensable role in identifying ductal carcinoma in situ and early-stage malignancies.