Background/Objectives: Although specific language impairment (SLI) was thought to be a language impairment, recent studies suggest that it is also associated with domain-general and nonverbal deficits such as deficits in nonverbal working memory, visual short-term memory, executive functions, etc. This study aimed to examine if applied visual strategy when copying the Rey–Osterrieth complex figure (ROCF) correlates with language abilities in children with SLI. Methods: The sample consisted of 37 children diagnosed with SLI, divided into two groups based on the strategy used when copying ROCF. We used ROCF to assess perceptual organization and planning, and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Boston Naming Test, Token Test, Grammatical Judgment, The Children’s Grammar, and Global Articulation Test for language measurement. Univariate ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Results: The results indicate that children who used a more mature strategy when copying ROCF achieved better results on tests used to assess grammar and articulation status. Conclusions: These results support the conclusion that there are neurocognitive mechanisms underlying both grammatical and visuospatial deficits. The obtained results suggest the importance of examining visual and visuospatial functions in children with SLI and the need for more comprehensive treatment of those children.

Background/Objectives: Although specific language impairment (SLI) was thought to be a language impairment, recent studies suggest that it is also associated with domain-general and nonverbal deficits such as deficits in nonverbal working memory, visual short-term memory, executive functions, etc. This study aimed to examine if applied visual strategy when copying the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure (ROCF) correlates with language abilities in children with SLI. Methods: The sample consisted of 24 children diagnosed with SLI, divided into two groups based on the used strategy when copying ROCF. We used ROCF for the assessment of perceptual organization and planning, and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Boston Naming Test, Token Test, Grammatical Judgment, The Children’s Grammar, and Global Articulation Test for the language measurement. One-way ANOVA with the Brown-Forsythe Test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The results indicate that children who used a more mature strategy when copying ROCF achieved better results on tests used to assess grammar and articulation status. Conclusions: These results support the conclusion that there are neurocognitive mechanisms underlying both grammatical deficits and visuospatial deficits The obtained results suggest the importance of examining visual and visuospatial functions in children with SLI and the need for more comprehensive treatment of those children.

Background: Tetrasomy X (48, XXXX) is an extremely rare sex chromosome aneuploidy characterized by highly variable phenotypic manifestations. It includes various medical issues, a wide range of developmental delays, and neurocognitive deficits. Methods: The present case report provides a comprehensive neurodevelopmental profile of a 4.5-year-old girl with Tetrasomy X, with the aim of contributing to phenotype delineation, exploring genotype–phenotype associations, and emphasizing the importance of early, targeted intervention. A multidisciplinary assessment was conducted, encompassing cognitive, speech–language, motor, sensory, adaptive, and socioemotional functioning, using a battery of standardized and culturally adapted instruments. Results: Results revealed borderline intellectual functioning and mild global developmental delay, with marked intra-individual variability across domains. Motor development was significantly delayed and speech and language assessment demonstrated a pronounced receptive–expressive discrepancy. Sensory processing evaluation revealed a pattern of global sensory under-responsiveness, representing a novel and underreported feature in Tetrasomy X. Adaptive functioning was uneven, with relative strengths in daily living skills and weaknesses in motor abilities. Conclusions: This detailed early developmental characterization highlights the heterogeneity of Tetrasomy X and challenges some of the previous assumptions. The findings underscore the necessity of individualized, multidisciplinary assessment and early intervention to optimize developmental outcomes and quality of life in affected individuals.