Knowledge about the immune responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, particularly regarding the function of eosinophils, has been steadily emerging recently. There exists controversy regarding the implications of eosinophils in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)’s pathology. We report a retrospective cohort study including the comparison of leukocyte counts in COVID-19 patients, considering the outcomes of recovery (n = 59) and death (n = 60). Among the different types of leukocytes, the eosinophil counts were those that showed the greatest difference between recovered and deceased patients. Eosinopenia (eosinophil count < 0.01 × 10⁹/L) was more frequently observed in deceased than recovered patients (p = 0.0012). The eosinophil counts more rapidly increased and showed a greater proportion over the course of the disease in the recovered than deceased patients. Furthermore, the estimated survival rate was greater in patients without eosinopenia than in patients with eosinopenia (p = 0.0070) during hospitalization. Importantly, recovered but not deceased patients showed high negative correlations of the eosinophils with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and neutrophil counts at Day 9 of the onset of clinical symptoms (p ≤ 0.0220). Our analysis suggests that eosinopenia may be associated with unfavorable disease outcomes and that the eosinophils have a beneficial function in COVID-19 patients, probably contributing by controlling the exacerbated inflammation induced by neutrophils.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women, with incidence rates increasing globally in recent years. Therefore, it is important to find new molecules with prognostic and therapeutic value to improve therapeutic response and quality of life. The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) metabolic pathway participates in various physiological processes, as well as in the development of malignancies. Although aberrancies in the PUFAs metabolic pathway have been implicated in carcinogenesis, the functional and clinical relevance of this pathway has not been well explored in BC. To evaluate the clinical significance of soluble epoxide hydrolase (EPHX2) expression in Mexican patients with BC using tissue microarrays (TMAs) and digital pathology (DP). Immunohistochemical analyses were performed on 11 TMAs with 267 BC samples to quantify this enzyme. Using DP, EPHX2 protein expression was evaluated solely in tumor areas. The association of EPHX2 with overall survival (OS) was detected through bioinformatic analysis in public databases and confirmed in our cohort via Cox regression analysis. Clear nuclear expression of EPHX2 was identified. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves revealed the optimal cutoff point at 2.847062 × 10⁻³ pixels, with sensitivity of 69.2% and specificity of 67%. Stratification based on this cutoff value showed elevated EPHX2 expression in multiple clinicopathological features, including older age and nuclear grade, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes, and recurrence. Kaplan–Meier curves demonstrated how higher nuclear expression of EPHX2 predicts shorter OS. Consistently, multivariate analysis confirmed EPHX2 as an independent predictor of OS, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.483 and a 95% confidence interval of 1.804–6.724 (p < 0.001). Our study demonstrates for the first time that nuclear overexpression of EPHX2 is a predictor of poor prognosis in BC patients. The DP approach was instrumental in identifying this significant association. Our study provides valuable insights into the potential clinical utility of EPHX2 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in BC.

De acuerdo con la definición de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la calidad de vida es la percepción de las personas que se atienden los servicios de salud y que cumplan con la atención por un problema de salud que les aqueja. Este manuscrito hace una revisión sobre los aspectos metodológicos para la medición de la calidad de vida en infantes diagnosticados con Leucemia Linfoblástica Aguda para su aplicación en el Hospital Infantil de Morelia, Michoacán. El método de investigación fue una revisión documental bibliográfica selectiva de corte cualitativo, descriptiva y evaluativa, con el fin de recopilar información de fuentes primarias sobre estudios de calidad de vida en tratamientos médicos por leucemia aguda linfoblástica. El objetivo es conocer de forma detallada la confiabilidad y validez de los instrumentos de medición de calidad de vida PedsQL, Kids-creen-27, WHOQOL, Health Utilities Index (HUI) y QLQ-C30 y aplicarlos, para conocer las propiedades psicométricas en las respuestas darán a conocer si los instrumentos metodológicos determinar cuál es la percepción de calidad de vida en pacientes y padres de familia en Morelia, Michoacán.

Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is a multifunctional transcription factor implicated in gene regulation, cell proliferation, and survival. While its role in breast cancer (BC) has been explored, its prognostic significance remains controversial. In this study, we evaluated nuclear YY1 expression in 276 BC tissue samples using immunohistochemistry (IHC), tissue microarrays (TMAs), and digital pathology (DP). Nuclear staining was quantified using Aperio ImageScope software, focusing on tumor regions to avoid confounding from stromal or non-tumor tissues. This selective and standardized approach enabled precise quantification of YY1 expression. Our results show elevated median YY1 expression in tumor vs. normal matched tissues (p < 0.001). The optimal cutoff for medium-intensity nuclear YY1 expression in tumor areas for overall survival (OS) was established by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC = 0.718, 95% CI: 0.587–0.849, p = 0.008). In contrast, ROC curves showed no prognostic impact (AUC and p-value) for YY1 quantification in whole spots (tumor + normal). As a categorical variable, high YY1 expression was correlated with more aggressive BC features, including tumor size > 3 cm (57.7% vs. 44.2% p = 0.037), the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) molecular subtype (27.3% vs. 13.9% p = 0.026), and advanced prognostic stage (III) (31.8% vs. 16.7% p = 0.003), while as a continuous variable, YY1 was associated with higher histological (p = 0.003) and nuclear grades (p = 0.022). High YY1 expression was significantly associated with a reduced OS of BC patients, as shown by Kaplan–Meier curves (HR = 2.227, p = 0.002). Since YY1 was significantly enriched in TNBC, we evaluated its prognostic resolution in this subgroup. But, probably due to the small number of patients within this subset, our results were not statistically significant (HR = 1.317, 95% CI: 0.510–3.405, p = 0.566). Next, we performed multivariate Cox regression, confirming YY1 as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (HR = 1.927, 95% CI: 1.144–3.247, p = 0.014). In order to improve prognostic value, we constructed a mathematical model derived from the multivariate Cox regression results, including YYI, AJCC prognostic stage (STA), and axillary lymph node dissection (ALN), with the following equation: h(t) = h₀(t) × exp (0.695 × YY1 + 1.103 × STA − 0.503 × ALN). ROC analysis of this model showed a better AUC of 0.915, similar sensitivity (83.3%), and much higher specificity (92%). Bioinformatic analysis of public datasets supported these findings in BC, showing YY1 overexpression in multiple cancer types and its association with poor outcomes in BC. These results suggest that YY1 may play a role in tumor progression and serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker in BC. DP combined with molecular data enhanced biomarker accuracy, supporting clinical applications of YY1 in routine diagnostics and personalized therapy. Additionally, developing a combined score based on the modeling of multiple prognostic factors significantly enhanced survival predictions, representing a practical tool for risk stratification and the guidance of therapeutic decisions.

In Mexico, 47.8% of adults have hypertension, while 33.7% maintain adequate control. Obesity and food addiction contribute to the imbalance through neuroendocrine and inflammatory mechanisms. To analyze blood pressure behavior in patients with Hypertension, Obesity, and Food Addiction. An observational, cross-sectional, and prospective study was conducted in IMSS beneficiaries with arterial hypertension from the General Hospital of Zone No. 12 between December 2024 and March 2025. The YFAS scale was used to evaluate food addiction symptoms, classified by severity levels: mild (2-3 symptoms), moderate (4-5 symptoms), and severe (6 or more symptoms). The sample was calculated using a finite formula. Statistical analysis included frequencies, standard deviation, and chi-square test. Of the 342 patients analyzed, 50.5% were obese. Of these, 60% showed signs of food addiction. 85.7% of patients were under control thanks to the use of combined antihypertensives. The study concludes that most patients maintained hypertension control. There is an association between obesity and food addiction in IMSS beneficiaries of the General Hospital of Family Medicine Zone No. 12.

Background. Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent neoplasm in the female gender, being also the leading cause of mortality in women worldwide. In Latin American countries such as Mexico, locally advanced and metastatic stages remain prevalent at the time of diagnosis. Factors involved in the progression of BC are highly interdependent elements, where non-modifiable risk factors, such as premenopausal and menopause play a significant role in BC prognosis[SG1] .Methods. Retrospective cohort study that analyzed clinicopathological variables of 292 cases of BC evaluating individual risk within premenopausal and postmenopausal women and probability of survival with a 5-year median follow-up.Results. Our results showed that overall survival (OS) rate for premenopausal and postmenopausal women at 5-years was 88.1% and 92.6%, respectively. Premenopausal showed over 3.6-fold increased risk of recurrence at early stages (p=0.0003), and decreased OS associated to larger tumors (>2 cm) (p=0.0290; HR 4.54; 95%CI 1.58-13.07). In postmenopausal women, we observed a significant effect on OS associated to negative estrogen receptor (ER–) status tumors (p=0.0014; HR 3.71; 95%CI 1.21-11.39), and Triple Negative (TN) subtype (p=0.0021; HR 4.72; 95%CI 1.05-21.28). These findings show differences between cohorts and briefly informs prognosis by menopausal status in a Mexican population-based study, in hopes of improved prevention and detection programmes.