Syphilis, an infection caused by Treponema pallidum, transmitted predominantly through sexual contact, affects several organs, causing skin, mucous membranes and systemic lesions. Despite being a secular disease, it still poses a major challenge for the public health system, since the number of cases continues to increase after years of warnings from the scientific community. Recognizing the clinical manifestations is essential for formulating the clinical hypothesis and diagnostic confirmation with complementary exams. However, recognizing skin lesions is not always simple, given the diversity of clinical manifestations which resemble other diseases. This review presents an overview of the disease, with current epidemiological data, a representation of the various clinical manifestations, a description of the pertinent diagnostic methods for laboratory confirmation, and appropriate therapeutic approaches for each clinical form.

This paper discusses a case involving a family of four who presented with a three-month history of persistent itching. Examination revealed diffusely distributed excoriated erythematous papules. Dermoscopy with polarized light made it difficult to identify tunneling and the delta glider sign in the lesions. In contrast, dermoscopy with UV light (DL5, light 365nm, Dermlite®) successfully identified the tunnels and exhibited the delta glider sign at their ends, in addition to revealing both larger and smaller oval structures in a greenish-white color ( Figure 1). Superficial curettage using a scalpel blade was performed at the site of these findings until the features were no longer visible. The collected material was then placed on a slide with 10% potassium hydroxide and examined under optical microscopy, confirming the presence of scabies mites and eggs.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α agonist, in obesity-induced kidney damage (lipotoxicity) in mice with uninephrectomy.

Resumo Introdução: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o papel do fenofibrato, um agonista do receptor ativado por proliferadores de peroxissoma-α, na lesão renal induzida por obesidade (lipotoxicidade) em camundongos submetidos à uninefrectomia. Métodos: Camundongos C57BL/6 foram submetidos a uninefrectomia e cirurgias simuladas (sham) e alimentados com dietas normocalóricas ou rica em gordura. Após 10 semanas, os camundongos obesos receberam fenofibrato a 0,02% por 10 semanas. Avaliamos função e morfologia renal, bem como níveis de mediadores inflamatórios e fibróticos e marcadores do metabolismo lipídico. Resultados: Camundongos alimentados com dieta rica em gordura desenvolveram obesidade e hiperlipidemia características, com subsequente acúmulo de lipídios e danos renais, incluindo expansão mesangial, fibrose intersticial, inflamação e proteinúria. Essas alterações foram maiores em camundongos obesos uninefrectomizados do que em camundongos obesos sham. O tratamento com fenofibrato preveniu hiperlipidemia e lesões glomerulares, reduziu o acúmulo de lipídios, melhorou a disfunção renal e atenuou a inflamação e fibrose renal. Além disso, o tratamento com fenofibrato reduziu a expressão no tecido renal do inibidor do ativador do plasminogênio-1, da proteína quimiotática de monócitos-1 e a expressão local do fator de crescimento de fibroblastos-21. Conclusão: A ativação do receptor ativado por proliferadores de peroxissoma-α pelo fenofibrato, com subsequente lipólise, atenuou lesões glomerulares e tubulointersticiais induzidas por lipotoxicidade renal, protegendo, assim, os rins de camundongos uninefrectomizados contra lesões induzidas por obesidade. Os achados do estudo sugerem uma via na ação farmacológica do fenofibrato, fornecendo insights sobre os mecanismos envolvidos no dano renal causado pela obesidade em doadores renais.

Xanthelasma is the most common type of xanthoma in the periorbital region with clinical diagnosis. The collection of lipids in the superficial an | POSTER