Pancreatic cancer has no symptoms until the disease has advanced and is aggressive cancer with early metastasis. Up to now, the only curative treatment is surgical resection, which is possible in the early stages of the disease. Irreversible electroporation treatment offers new hope for patients with unresectable tumors. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a type of ablation therapy that has been explored as a potential treatment for pancreatic cancer. Ablation therapies involve the use of energy to destroy or damage cancer cells. IRE involves using high-voltage, low-energy electrical pulses to create resealing in the cell membrane, causing the cell to die. This review summarizes experiential and clinical findings in terms of the IRE applications. As was described, IRE can be a non-pharmacological approach (electroporation) or combined with anticancer drugs or standard treatment methods. The efficacy of irreversible electroporation (IRE) in eliminating pancreatic cancer cells has been demonstrated through both in vitro and in vivo studies, and it has been shown to induce an immune response. Nevertheless, further investigation is required to assess its effectiveness in human subjects and to comprehensively understand IRE’s potential as a treatment option for pancreatic cancer.

Objective: To assess the rate of textbook outcome (TO) and textbook oncological outcome (TOO) in the European population based on the GASTRODATA registry. Background: TO is a composite parameter assessing surgical quality and strongly correlates with improved overall survival. Following the standard of treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer, TOO was proposed as a quality and optimal multimodal treatment parameter. Methods: TO was achieved when all the following criteria were met: no intraoperative complications, radical resection according to the surgeon, pR0 resection, retrieval of at least 15 lymph nodes, no severe postoperative complications, no reintervention, no admission to the intensive care unit, no prolonged length of stay, no postoperative mortality and no hospital readmission. TOO was defined as TO with the addition of perioperative chemotherapy compliance. Results: Of the 2558 patients, 1700 were included in the analysis. TO was achieved in 1164 (68.5%) patients. The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy [odds ratio (OR) = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04–1.70] and D2 or D2+ lymphadenectomy (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.15–2.10) had a positive impact on TO achievement. Older age (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54–0.94), pT3/4 (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63–0.99), ASA 3/4 (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.54–0.86) and total gastrectomy (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.45–0.70), had a negative impact on TO achievement. TOO was achieved in 388 (22.8%) patients. Older age (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.27–0.53), pT3 or pT4 (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.39–0.69), and ASA 3 or 4 (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.43–0.79) had a negative impact on TOO achievement. Conclusions: Despite successively improved surgical outcomes, stage‐appropriate chemotherapy in adherence to the current guidelines for multimodal treatment of gastric cancer remains poor. Further implementation of oncologic quality metrics should include greater emphasis on perioperative chemotherapy and adequate lymphadenectomy.

According to the National Cancer Registry, 3486 people (1744 men and 1742 women) were diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Poland in 2018, resulting in 4908 deaths (2396 men and 2512 women). The only chance of successful treatment is through surgical resection, which is possible in only 20-30% of patients (stage I, II and some stage III cases).The remaining 70-80% of patients are those with stage III and IV disease, for whom resection is not possible. Mean survival in these patients is approx. 10.4 months (stage III). In the recent decade, an innovative method called electroporation, which involves destabilization of the cell membrane, has been established. This process can be reversible (RE) or irreversible (IRE), and leads to cell death. The ability to change membrane permeability has led to the development of novel methods involving electrochemotherapy (ECT) and calcium electroporation (CaEP) to treat solid tumors. In this study, both ECT and CaEP will be used to treat pancreatic cancer patients with poor prognosis. For each patient, the best "therapeutic moment" for the procedure will be selected based on the therapeutic protocol. Patients will receive reversible and irreversible electroporation (control arm-group A), CaEP (active arm-group B), or ECT with intravenous and intratumoral administration of bleomycin (active arm-group C) randomized 1:1:1. The primary endpoints will be progression-free survival (PFS) and patients' quality of life (QOL) assessed using the EORTC-PAN 26 scale. Secondary endpoints will be patient overall survival (OS), body weight, pain level, and levels of biomarkers such as Ca 19-9. The Irreversible Electroporation, ELectrochemotherapy and Calcium electroporation (IREC) study is necessary to examine the safety and efficiency of irreversible electroporation, electrochemotherapy and calcium electroporation in pancreatic cancer treatment.

One of the target of perioperative tratment in surgery is decreasing intraoperative bleeding, which increases the number of perioperative procedures, mortality and treatment costs, and also causes the risk of transfusion of blood and its components. Trying to minimize the blood loss(mainly during the operation) as well as the need to transfuse blood and its components (broadly understood perioperative period) should be standard treatment for a patient undergoing a procedure. In the case of this method, the following steps should be taken: 1) in the preoperative period: identyfication of risk groups as quickly as possible, detecting and treating anemia, applying prehabilitation, modyfying anticoagulant treatment, considering donating one's own blood in some patients and in selected cases erythropoietin preparations; 2) in the perioperative period: aim for normothermia, normovolemia and normoglycemia, use of surgical methods that reduce bleeding, such as minimally invasive surgery, high-energy coagulation, local hemostatics, prevention of surgical site infection, proper transfusion of blood and its components if it occurs; 3) in the postoperative period: monitor the condition of patients, primarily for the detection of bleeding, rapid reoperation if required, suplementation (oral administration preferred) nutrition with microelements (iron) and vitamins, updating its general condition. All these activities, comprehensively and in surgical cooperation with the anesthesiologist, should reduce the blood loss and transfusion of blood and its components.

This document - "Polish Consensus on Gastric Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment - Update 2022" - represents an expert consensus following a year's worth of dedicated effort by a team of specialists throughout 2021, put forward in a conference in December 2021 in Krakow, and finalized below for publication in 2022. The effective date of this document is June 14th 2022. The work that went into updating this consensus was made under auspices of the Polish Society of Surgical Oncology and the Association of Polish Surgeons.

Background/Objectives: The Lymph Node Ratio (LNR) index is the proportion of lymph nodes with present metastases to lymph nodes removed and examined. This is an additionally established parameter for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The most popular cancer classification, TNM, describes only the number of affected lymph nodes. It can result in a negative overestimation of the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer if the number of nodes examined is relatively limited. Methods: In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 194 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer operated on between 2017 and 2021 at the Clinical Department of Oncological Surgery, University Centre of General and Oncological Surgery of the University Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw. In total, 133 patients underwent gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy and 61 remaining patients had the resection procedure abandoned due to an unresectable lesion. The LNR index was calculated based on histopathological examination, and postoperative complications were assessed using the Clavien–Dindo (C-D) scale. Statistical analysis was performed regarding the dependence of LNR on the following patient characteristics: sex, age, TNM features, tumor stage, tumor location, performed procedure, chemotherapy application, C-D complication rate, and survival rate. Results: The value of the LNR index significantly depends on TNM features (p < 0.05), clinical tumor stage (p < 0.05), and patient survival (p < 0.05), while no statistically significant relationship with C-D complication rate was demonstrated. Conclusions: The LNR index is a relevant parameter in predicting prognosis and survival time in gastric cancer patients, but future studies on larger and differentiated groups of patients could further confirm its usefulness in the development of guidelines.