Objective: Tubular breast carcinoma (TBC) is a rare subtype of breast carcinoma (BC) with a good prognosis. In this study, we aimed to assess the clinicopathological characteristics of pure TBC (PTBC), analyze factors that may influence long-term prognosis, examine the frequency of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM), and discuss the need for axillary surgery in PTBC.Materials and Methods: Fifty-four Patients diagnosed with PTBC between January 2003 and December 2020 at Istanbul Faculty of Medicine were included. Clinicopathological, surgical, treatment, and overall survival (OS) data were analyzed.Results: A total of 54 patients with a mean age of 52.2 years were assessed. The mean size of the tumor was 10.6 mm. Four (7.4%) patients had not undergone axillary surgery, while thirty-eight (70.4%) had undergone sentinel lymph node biopsy and twelve (22.2%) had undergone axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Significantly, four (33.3%) of those who had undergone ALND had tumor grade 2 (p = 0.020) and eight of them (66.7%) had ALNM. Fifty percent (50%) of patients who were treated with chemotherapy had grade 2 and multifocal tumors and ALNM. Moreover, the frequency of ALNM was higher in patients with tumor diameters greater than 10 mm. Median follow-up time was 80 months (12-220). None of the patients had locoregional recurrence, but one patient had systemic metastasis. Furthermore, five-year OS was 97.9%, while ten-year OS was 93.6%.Conclusion: PTBC is associated with favorable prognosis, good clinical outcomes and high survival rate, with rare recurrences and metastases.

Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma is caused by germline mutations in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene and is associated with an increased incidence of leiomyomas and a potentially aggressive variant of renal cell carcinoma. Pathologic evaluation of uterine leiomyoma can provide an opportunity for early recognition of the syndrome. We reviewed all archived slides of the cases to identify the characteristic morphologic features described for FH-deficient leiomyomas. We performed immunohistochemistry on whole sections of patients with uterine leiomyoma to evaluate for both FH and 2-succinocysteine (2SC) expression. Of the 106 cases, 19 showed the characteristic eosinophilic nucleoli with perinuclear halos, and 24 revealed a characteristic eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion consisting of pink globules present within the cytoplasm. Both of these morphologic findings were present together in 15 cases, and hemangiopericytomatous vessels were detected in 23 cases. The loss of FH protein expression was detected in 14 out of 106 cases (13%), and 13 out of 106 cases (12%) were positive for 2SC. We detected 10 cases with both 2SC-positive and FH expression loss. The presence of eosinophilic nucleoli with perinuclear halos and eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion was associated with both loss of FH protein expression and 2SC positivity (P < 0.001). These findings underscore the importance of hematoxylin and eosin–based predictive morphology in FH-deficient uterine leiomyomas. Therefore, morphologic assessment of uterine leiomyomas for features of FH deficiency can serve as a screening tool for hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma syndrome, allowing patients to be divided according to their hereditary risk assessment.

Background and Objectives: Curcumin is a turmeric-derived polyphenol, and it has shown anticancer potential in various cancers, including breast cancer (BC). Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying its effects remain incompletely defined. Hsa_circ_0001946 (CDR1as) is a circular RNA (circRNA) that promotes tumor progression by competitively inhibiting microRNA-7-5p (miR-7-5p) in BC. This study investigated whether curcumin regulates the hsa_circ_0001946/miR-7-5p/target gene axis in BC progression. Materials and Methods: BC cell lines (MCF-7 and T47D) and a non-cancerous human mammary epithelial cell line (MCF-10A) were treated with curcumin or transfected with circ_0001946 siRNA or miR-7-5p mimic. Cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and protein expression were analyzed by CVDK-8 analysis, a wound healing assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. Also, protein expression levels were quantified via Western blotting. In vitro and in silico findings were further validated by analyzing tumor and adjacent normal tissues from 65 luminal BC patients. Results: Curcumin inhibited the proliferation and migration of MCF-7 and T47D cells in a dose-dependent manner. Knockdown of hsa_circ_0001946 or overexpression of miR-7-5p significantly suppressed proliferation and migration and enhanced apoptosis in BC cells compared to the negative controls. Curcumin treatment led to the knockdown of hsa_circ_0001946, the overexpression of miR-7-5p, and the downregulation of hsa_circ_0001946, CKS2, TOP2A, and PARP1, while it upregulating miR-7-5p. The Western blot confirmed reduced CKS2 protein levels after curcumin treatment. The expression of both hsa_circ_0001946 and CKS2 was significantly upregulated in tumor tissues compared to that of matched adjacent normal tissues, whereas that of miR-7-5p was markedly downregulated. Conclusions: This preliminary study shows that curcumin suppresses BC tumorigenesis by modulating the hsa_circ_0001946/miR-7-5p/target gene axis. While these findings suggest a novel regulatory pathway and potential therapeutic targets, further in vivo validation and clinical trials are required to determine the translational relevance of curcumin in BC therapy.