Rationale: Zearalenone (ZEN), a pollutant in our daily diet, seriously threatens the reproductive health of humans and animals. The primordial follicle (PF) assembly in the mouse occurs during the perinatal period, which determines the whole ovarian reserve in reproductive lifespan. In the current investigation, we administered ZEN orally to perinatal mice from 16.5 days post coitum (dpc) to postnatal day 3 (PD3), and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on PD0 and PD3 ovarian tissues in the offspring to check ZEN toxic to primordial follicle formation at the single cell level.

Rationale: In recent years, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) precursors (Npre) have been widely employed to ameliorate female reproductive problems in both humans and animal models. However, whether and how Npre plays a role in the male reproductive disorder has not been fully clarified.