Background/Objectives: C-shaped canals represent a challenge in endodontic procedures. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Methods: CBCT records from two radiology centers were examined (2020–2022). A total of 400 CBCT scans (800 mandibular second molars) were analyzed using Fan’s classification. Data on the presence or absence of C-shaped canals, gender, and bilateral occurrence were collected. Statistical analysis included the test for differences in proportions and the chi-squared test to assess the significance of correlations between variables. Results: C-shaped canals were found in 28% of mandibular second molars, affecting 33.75% of the patient sample. The prevalence was significantly higher in females (42.9%) compared to males (20.4%). Bilateral occurrences were observed in 63% of affected patients. Morphologic variability was pronounced, with Fan C1 and C4 dominating in the coronal and apical thirds, respectively, while a shift toward Fan C2 and C3 was observed in the middle third. Only 19.2% of the teeth maintained a consistent morphology. Conclusions: C-shaped canals were found in 28% of mandibular second molars and occurred predominantly in females. Notably, most cases were bilateral, highlighting the importance of effectively adapting endodontic techniques to treat this unique anatomical variation. Further research into genetic and environmental influences could deepen our understanding and help develop refined diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
31 December 2019 in IPSA Scientia, revista científica multidisciplinaria
El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar el riesgo biológico generado por el manejo de residuos sólidos por parte del personal de servicios generales en la E.S.E Hospital Local Cartagena de Indias. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de enfoque cuantitativo. Se utilizó la matriz de riesgo de la guía técnica colombiana 45 y la encuesta de 14 ítems basada en el Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica para el Riesgo Biológico (modelo para el control del riesgo biológico) de la ARL SURA aplicado al sector hospitalario. La muestra fue de 34 trabajadoras del área de servicios generales, distribuidos en los CAP intraurbanos de la E.S.E. Cartagena. Los resultados muestran que las actividades donde presenta mayor contacto con agentes biológicos son en el lavado de camillas, cambio de bolsas rojas para residuos peligrosos y lavado de guardián (se observó durante el desarrollo de la investigación), siendo esta última inusual. Se concluye que las medidas preventivas y de seguridad que adopta el personal en su puesto de trabajo son eficientes en relación a tener su área limpia y en orden, son conscientes que al realizar sus actividades entran en contacto con agentes biológicos. Por ello se deben realizar capacitaciones de autocuidado, capacitación e inspección del uso y mantenimiento de los elementos de protección personal, así mejorando las acciones preventivas evitando accidentes o enfermedades laborales.
Objective: The variability in reports associating Enterococcus faecalis with endodontic treatment failure is due to its remarkable genetic plasticity and clonal diversity facilitating the adaptation to adverse microenvironments. Materials and Methods: Present study approximated the genetic diversity of Enterococcus faecalis isolates from oral cavity samples of endodontic origin; the detection involves genes Asa, Esp, EfaA, Ace, Asa373, GelE, and CylA, and mature biofilm formation. Results: On the other side, the genetic clusters were analysed based on the sequence alignment of the amplified product of a 16S rDNA PCR. Results showed that the genetic clustering of Enterococcus faecalis isolates was distinct between patients but with a high degree of similarity between samples from the same individual. Conclusion: The virulence genes presence and biofilm formation resulted independent of genetic clustering but related to sample origin.
Antecedentes: Los estudios epidemiológicos clínicos no permiten saber la situación de la patología pulpar y periapical de origen endodóntico, información que puede ser obtenida con el análisis de radiografías panorámicas, para la prevención y la orientación en los servicios de salud oral. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia y las características de los hallazgos endodónticos en radiografías panorámicas digitales. Métodos: Se analizaron 1.500 panorámicas digitales, de pacientes mayores de 18 años, de las que se registraron el número de dientes en boca, número de dientes con tratamiento endodóntico y su estado, zona radiolúcida periapical, fractura, reabsorción, instrumentos fracturados, perforaciones, pulpolitos e hipercementosis. Resultados: 48 % de las radiografías presentaban por lo menos un hallazgo endodóntico. 39,5 % correspondían a tratamientos endodónticos, en un total de 1.594 dientes, de las cuales 52,7 % se encontraban subobturados, 44,9 % en buen estado y 2,5 % sobreobturados. El 69 % de los dientes obturados se encontraban en el maxilar superior. 275 (18,3 %) de las radiografías presentaron zona radiolúcida periapical. En el 4,4 % de las radiografías se encontró algún diente con reabsorción. Para ninguno de los hallazgos se encontraron diferencias entre hombres y mujeres. El tratamiento endodóntico y la presencia de zona radiolúcida periapical aumentan significativamente con la edad. Conclusión: la patología pulpar y del periápice tienen una alta prevalencia en la población estudiada y requieren mejores mecanismos para su prevención, siendo la incorrecta obturación de los conductos, una variable a tener en cuenta para evitar las lesiones apicales y mejorar el pronóstico del diente.
1 January 2025 in Journal of the History of Dentistry
A brief historical perspective on the creative evolution of dental (rubber) dam stabilization is proffered. While the vast majority of endodontists rely on the application of a metallic or plastic stabilizing device (clamp), as per the standard of care, to provide quality root canal procedures, the routine use by generalists falls short of ideal.
Mandibular buccal bifurcation cyst (MBBC) is a rare inflammatory odontogenic cyst that frequently mimics chronic periapical pathosis, leading to potential misdiagnosis and unnecessary endodontic treatment. This case report describes the diagnosis and management of an MBBC associated with a vital mandibular left second molar (#18) in a healthy 16‐year‐old female, highlighting the value of pulp vitality testing, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and a custom 3D‐printed surgical guide for conservative management. The patient presented with buccal bony expansion and a 12‐mm periodontal probing depth with purulent exudate. The tooth responded normally to sensibility testing, with no history of caries or trauma. Interpretation of CBCT images revealed a well‐corticated mid‐root radiolucency with an expansile pattern and a well‐corticated buccal lesion originating from the buccal cortex with an intact lamina dura. A custom surgical guide fabricated from intraoral scans and CBCT data enabled precise cyst enucleation while preserving tooth vitality. Histopathology showed fibrovascular tissue with a dense chronic inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells. The diagnosis of an MBBC was based on clinical, radiographic, and histological findings, enabling preservation of the tooth with a minimally invasive approach. At the 1‐year follow‐up, the tooth remained vital, with normal probing depths and satisfactory bone healing on CBCT compared with the initial presentation. This case report emphasizes the need to consider MBBC in the differential diagnosis of radiolucent periapical lesions. Early detection, along with evidence‐based management and guided surgery, is essential to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary endodontic treatment.