This paper investigates how firms’ social sustainability practices can influence their social performance and, ultimately, financial performance. We include two corporate social sustainability practices: employee-oriented (employee well-being and equity) and socially driven (corporate social involvement) practices. Three leading social theories (social identity theory, social exchange theory, and resource-based view) are applied in explaining how firms’ social practices influence intermediate and bottom-line performance outcomes. Empirical results of 212 US manufacturing firms reveal that (1) the social orientation of the firm promotes firms’ social performances (employee-oriented and community-oriented outcomes) directly; (2) social orientation also indirectly promotes employee-oriented outcomes via employee well-being and equity practices, and so does community-oriented outcome via corporate social involvement practices; and (3) the firms’ social performances can enhance financial performance. The theoretical and managerial implications derived from these empirical results are discussed as well.

This study examines the relationship between intellectual leadership, the anticipation of new technologies, and mass customization. According to the knowledge management perspective, we explain how intellectual leadership influences mass customization via anticipation of new technologies. In addition, this study investigates the moderating role of customer market knowledge in this relationship. Our results suggest that customer market knowledge strengthened the direct effect of intellectual leadership on anticipation of new technologies and the indirect effect of intellectual leadership on mass customization via anticipation of new technologies. Theoretical and managerial implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Keywords: Simulation, SAR imaging, Sand digging and heaping, The Pearl River Estuary There are frequent sand digging and heaping activities in shoal in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE). Water depth has changed in patches, which can be imaged by synthetic aperture radar (SAR). According to SAR imaging mechanism of underwater bathymetry, a 3-D hydrodynamic model is used to demonstrate the temporal variations of the shoal topography changes due to sand digging and heaping. A microwave radar imaging of oceanic surface’s program is used to simulate the variation of normalized radar cross section (NRCS) induced by the ocean surface current. The simulation is carried out to study the digging-heaping shape, water depth changes on SAR imaging of shoal bathymetry. Results indicate several points as followings. 1. Circle-shaped sand digging and heaping are imaged clearer by SAR than other shapes. 2. Sand heaping has a greater effect on SAR imaging than sand digging. 3. Bigger depth change induces bigger NRCS variation.