Oropouche fever is caused by the Oropouche virus (OROV; Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus), one of the most frequent arboviruses that infect humans in the Brazilian Amazon. This year, an OROV outbreak was identified in Brazil, and its vertical transmission was reported, which was associated with fetal death and microcephaly. We describe the clinical manifestations identified in three cases of congenital OROV infection with confirmed serology (OROV-IgM) in the mother-newborn binomial. One of the newborns died, and post-mortem molecular analysis using real-time RT-qPCR identified the OROV genome in several tissues. All three newborns were born in the Amazon region in Brazil, and the mothers reported fever, rash, headache, myalgia, and/or retro-orbital pain during pregnancy. The newborns presented with severe microcephaly secondary to brain damage and arthrogryposis, suggestive of an embryo/fetal disruptive process at birth. Brain and spinal images identified overlapping sutures, cerebral atrophy, brain cysts, thinning of the spinal cord, corpus callosum, and posterior fossa abnormalities. Fundoscopic findings included macular chorioretinal scars, focal pigment mottling, and vascular attenuation. The clinical presentation of vertical OROV infection resembled congenital Zika syndrome to some extent but presents some distinctive features on brain imaging and in several aspects of its neurological presentation. A recognizable syndrome with severe brain damage, neurological alterations, arthrogryposis, and fundoscopic abnormalities can be associated with in utero OROV infection.

We present a case of a 21-year-old woman sustaining a traumatic [fabellar] fracture following a motor vehicle accident. The fabellar fracture was confirmed on plain films, which prompted further evaluation of the knee with ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate other possible associated injuries. Fracture of the fabella is a rare condition. Clinically, patients present with posterolateral knee pain, edema, and limited knee extension. Occasionally these symptoms may be very subtle, delaying the correct diagnosis and patient management.

Ossifying fibroma is a benign fibro-osseous lesion that occurs most commonly in the mandible of female patients. In rare cases, it affects the nasal cavity. The magnetic resonance imaging features may vary depending on the amount of fibrous and bony tissue in its composition. In these tumors, T2-hypointensity is a feature described in the peripheral ossified areas of the lesion, but it may present diffusely, especially when the degree of ossification is extensive. In this scenario, this particular characteristic on T2-weighted imaging is superimposable to the commonly described appearance of other lesions, such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, melanoma, and other sinonasal neoplasms with high cellularity and high nucleocytoplasmic ratio. In the present study, we report a case of ossifying fibroma of the nasal cavity that presented as a diffusely and homogeneously T2-hypointense mass, a finding that may cause difficulty in the differential diagnosis with other expansive sinonasal lesions.

Pyle's disease is an extremely rare skeletal disorder characterized by a benign course and an autosomal recessive genetic pattern of inheritance. Its causal mutation is still unknown. In the medical literature, fewer than 30 cases have been described to date. We report the case of two female siblings, daughters of consanguineous parents, referred to the radiology department complaining of genu valgum. Laboratory tests showed no other relevant findings. Conventional radiography plain films revealed Erlenmeyer flask deformity in bilateral femorotibial metaphyses, metaphyseal flaring of long bones, and mild sclerosis of the skull base. The clinicoradiological dissociation, along with the characteristic imaging findings, was consistent with the diagnosis of Pyle's disease. Intervention is not required in most cases, but orthopedic treatment may be required for genu valgum or fractures. Therefore, these cases emphasize the pivotal role conventional radiography plays in the correct diagnosis of this rare entity, allowing for appropriate genetic counseling.

Oropouche fever is caused by the Oropouche virus (OROV; Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus), one of the most frequent arboviruses that infect humans in the Brazilian Amazon. This year, an OROV outbreak was identified in Brazil, and its vertical transmission was reported, which was associated with fetal death and microcephaly. We describe the clinical manifestations identified in three cases of congenital OROV infection with confirmed serology (OROV-IgM) in the mother-newborn binomial. One of the newborns died, and post-mortem molecular analysis using real-time RT-qPCR identified the OROV genome in several tissues. All three newborns were born in the Amazon region in Brazil, and the mothers reported fever, rash, headache, myalgia, and/or retroorbital pain during pregnancy. The newborns presented with severe microcephaly secondary to brain damage and arthrogryposis, suggestive of an embryo/fetal disruptive process at birth. Brain and spinal images identified overlapping sutures, cerebral atrophy, brain cysts, thinning of the spinal cord, corpus callosum, and posterior fossa abnormalities. Fundoscopic findings included macular chorioretinal scars, focal pigment mottling, and vascular attenuation. The clinical presentation of vertical OROV infection resembled congenital Zika syndrome to some extent but presents some distinctive features on brain imaging and in several aspects of its neurological presentation. A recognizable syndrome with severe brain damage, neurological alterations, arthrogryposis, and fundoscopic abnormalities can be associated with in-utero OROV infection.