The C–F bond is the strongest single bond in organic compounds. It is the most challenging task to study the activation of the C–F bond in organic synthesis. Trifluoromethyl-containing compounds, which have three equivalent C–F bonds, constitute possible starting materials for the synthesis of diverse fluorinated compounds through selective C–F bond activation. In the past decades, significant progress has been made in the C–F bond activation of trifluoromethyl-containing compounds, mainly including trifluoromethylalkenes, trifluoromethylated aromatic and alkyl compounds, trifluoromethylketones, diazo compounds and N-tosylhydrazones of trifluoromethyl ketones, alkyltriflones, etc. In this review, we systematically summarized the C–F bond functionalization of these trifluoromethylated compounds, and their mechanisms were also discussed.

Ultraviolet (UV) filters are used widely in cosmetics, plastics, adhesives and other industrial products to protect human skin or products against direct exposure to deleterious UV radiation. With growing usage and mis-disposition of UV filters, they currently represent a new class of contaminants of emerging concern with increasingly reported adverse effects to humans and other organisms. Exposure to UV filters induce various endocrine disrupting effects, as revealed by increasing number of toxicological studies performed in recent years. It is necessary to compile a systematic review on the current research status on endocrine disrupting effects of UV filters toward different organisms. We therefore summarized the recent advances on the evaluation of the potential endocrine disruptors and the mechanism of toxicity for many kinds of UV filters such as benzophenones, camphor derivatives and cinnamate derivatives.