Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is detrimental to cardiovascular system. Alteration in glucose metabolism has been recognized as an important adaptive response under hypoxic conditions. However, the biological benefits underlying this metabolic phenotype remain to be elucidated. This study was designed to investigate the impact of hypoxic acclimation (HA) on cardiac I/R injury and the antioxidative mechanism(s). Male adult mice were acclimated in a hypoxic chamber (10% oxygen [O₂]) for 8 h/day for 14 days, and then subjected to cardiac I/R injury by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min and reperfusion for 24 h or 7 days. Our results showed that HA attenuated oxidative stress and reduced infarct size in the I/R hearts. This cardioprotective effect is coupled with an elevation of protein O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification partially due to inflammatory stimulation. Hyperglycosylation activated glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, resulting in an upregulation of NADPH/NADP⁺ and GSH/GSSG couples and enhancement of redox homeostasis in the heart. Pharmacological suppression of O-GlcNAcylation totally abolished the influence of HA on the G6PDH activity, redox balance and post-I/R damage in the hearts and cultured cardiomyocytes, whereby augmentation of O-GlcNAcylation further enhanced the benefits, suggesting a central role of O-GlcNAcylation in HA-initiated antioxidative and cardioprotective effects. These findings, therefore, identified HA as a promising anti-I/R strategy for the heart and proposed O-GlcNAc modification of G6PDH as a therapeutic target in ischemic heart disease.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is the main cause of heart failure (HF) postacute myocardial infarction (AMI). Hypoxia acclimation (HA) reduces efficiently the area of AMI caused by ischemia and/or reperfusion and delays HF. Here, we examined whether HA improves mitochondrial structure and function through the hypoxic autophagy receptor FUNDC1 to prevent HF post‐AMI. Male adult mice were acclimated in a low‐pressure hypoxic animal chamber (11% oxygen (O₂)) for 8 h/day for 28 days, and then, an induced HF post‐AMI model via left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation was structured to explore the efficacy and mechanism of HA. Our results showed that HA exposure can improve cardiac structure and function in mice with HF post‐AMI and protected myocardial mitochondrial morphology and function. Further studies showed that HA increased the expression of Fundc1 protein and its associated mitophagy protein LC3 in myocardial tissue after infarction. We then established a cellular model of oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) in vitro, and knockdown of FUNDC1 attenuated the protective effect of HA exposed on cardiomyocyte mitochondria and increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, the protective effect of HA on HF post‐AMI is achieved by regulating Fundc1‐mediated mitophagy in myocardial tissue. FUNDC1‐mediated mitophagy could be a promising strategy to treat cardiovascular diseases, including HF.

Cognitive decline in older adults is a growing public health concern, and traditional measures such as chronological age are insufficient for accurately assessing cognitive function. Phenotypic age (PhenoAge) and phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel), which reflect biological age and aging acceleration, may be better predictors of cognitive decline. Additionally, physical activity (PA) has been recognized for its protective effects on aging and cognitive health. This study explored the role of PhenoAge and PhenoAgeAccel in cognitive performance and investigated whether PA moderates this relationship. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which analyzed 1298 participants aged 60 years and older. PhenoAge was calculated using 10 biomarkers, and PhenoAgeAccel was derived as the difference between chronological age and PhenoAge. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. The relationship between PhenoAge, PhenoAgeAccel, and low cognitive performance was analyzed using weighted logistic regression models. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted, and the interactions between PhenoAgeAccel and PA were evaluated. Both PhenoAge and PhenoAgeAccel scores were significantly associated with low cognitive performance. The highest quartiles of PhenoAge (odds ratio = 3.22, P = .025) and PhenoAgeAccel (odds ratio = 2.31, P = .022) were associated with higher odds of low cognitive performance. By contrast, chronological age did not show a significant relationship with cognitive performance. PA was found to moderate the association between PhenoAgeAccel and cognitive performance (P for interaction = .045). Higher levels of PA attenuated the impact of PhenoAgeAccel on cognitive decline. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that PhenoAge (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.562), PhenoAgeAccel (AUC = 0.589), and chronological age (AUC = 0.513) were significantly different. In conclusion, PhenoAgeAccel and PA are significant predictors of cognitive decline, with PA offering a protective effect against the impact of accelerated aging on cognition.

Alveolar recruitment maneuvers (ARMs) is an important part of lung-protective ventilation strategies (LPVSs), but the optimal duration and interval Remain unclear. Patients:252 patients who underwent holmium laser lithotripsy surgery and meet inclusion criteria were included and randomized into three groups based on the duration and frequency of ARMs (Regular, one 30 s ARM (RARMs); Improved and intermittent, three 10s ARMs (IARMs); and Control (C), no ARMs).Interventions: Groups R and I received ARMs at 20 cmH2O pressures every 30 min. All patients received the same anesthesia and mechanical ventilation. Measurements:Outcomes included heart rate and mean arterial pressure changes during ARMs and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) within the first 7 postoperative days. Incidences of PPCs in groups R(7.1%) and I (5.0%)were slightly lower than those in group C (8.9%).This indicated the potential to reduce lung injury. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure fluctuations during ARMs were significantly higher in groups R and I than in group C (P < 0.01). The rate of blood pressure decrease was significantly higher in group R than in group I (P < 0.01). IARMs can reduce cycle fluctuations than RARMs in patients Undergoing holmium laser lithotripsy surgery with laryngeal mask general anesthesia. Low tidal volume ventilation and low PEEP combined with ARM did not significantly reduce the incidence of PPCs in healthy lung patients, but tended to reduce lung injury. The study was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. (ChiCTR2000030815,15/03/2020). This study was approved by the ethics committee of Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital with approval number(2020–005(Study)-1).

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) in treating sciatic nerve injury (SNI). Methods: A prospective, randomized, single‐blind, comparative trial was conducted. Thirty patients with SNI were randomized into two groups of 15, namely, the PRP and control groups. In the PRP group, patients were injected with 5 doses of 3 mL PRP combined with 12 weeks of rehabilitation training using ultrasound guidance, while the control group received 12 weeks of rehabilitation training. Motor function recovery rating table (MFRRT) and sensory function recovery rating table (SFRRT) were used as primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes included the cross‐sectional area (CSA) of the sciatic nerve under ultrasound guidance and electrophysiological assessment. Evaluations were performed at baseline and 1–, 3‐, and 6‐month postinjection. Results: After treatment, there were significant differences in the motor function recovery rating, motor conduction velocity, sensory conduction velocity, and CSA of the sciatic nerve at 1, 3, and 6 months in the PRP group ( p < 0.05). There were significant differences in the motor conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve at 6 months in the control group ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: PRP may be partially effective in the early repair of incomplete sciatic nerve injuries, and its efficacy could be maintained.