Background and Aim: Postpartum uterine infectious diseases, such as pyometra, have discrepancy with both health and, subsequently, productivity of dairy cows due to its high prevalence and the high cost of treatment. Therefore, this study investigates the influence of pyometra on the reproductive indices, the metabolic profile, and oxidant/antioxidant parameters of the pyometric animal compared to those of healthy ones. Materials and Methods: The study included 30 cows. The animals were differentiated into two groups of 15 cows each: A group of pyometra and a control group. All pyometric cows were subjected to breeding soundness examination after the end of pyometra and were compared to the control group. Blood samples were obtained to assess the levels of glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol, albumin, total protein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, calcium (Ca), phosphorus, sodium, potassium, progesterone hormone (P4), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase. Results: Results revealed significant prolonged duration of first estrus, the days open, and the required number of services due to pyometra. The pyometra group yielded increased levels of NEFA, TGs, ALP, BUN, creatinine, MDA, and progesterone hormone. In addition, significant decrease in the levels of glucose, cholesterol, albumin, Ca, phosphorus, sodium, TAC, GPx, and superoxide dismutase was observed in the pyometra group. Finally, no difference in the concentrations of total protein, ALT, AST, and potassium was observed in the pyometra group. Conclusion: The reproductive indices was adversely influenced in cows with postpartum pyometra, and metabolic profile, involving energy balance signals and liver function indicators, revealed differences between the two groups. Increased levels of oxidative stress parameters and decrease levels of antioxidant levels were also found, suggesting that pyometra is an incentive for oxidative stress. Overall, checking the energy balance, metabolic imbalances, and oxidant/antioxidant profile, accompanied with pre-emptive procedures during the postpartum period, is essential and can reduce the chances of such diseases and possible noxious results in highly productive cows.

This study was designed to evaluate a new therapeutic approach for inactive ovaries based on the epidural administration of a GnRH agonist (Receptal) and an investigation of the impact of this treatment on the hormonal, oxidant/antioxidant and micro- and macro-element profiles. Sixty cows with postpartum anestrus were divided into two groups: the first group (group R_epid, n = 30) was administered an epidural injection of Receptal, while the second group (group C_epid, n = 30) received saline and was considered the control group. Evaluation of hormonal (progesterone, FSH, LH, testosterone, and cortisol), oxidant/antioxidant (MDA, SOD, GPx and TAC) as well as micro- and macroelement (calcium, phosphorus, manganese and magnesium) profiles was done in serum. The results showed that the epidural injection of Receptal has the potential to induce estrus response and conception incidence in treated cows. Compared to the control group, progesterone, FSH, and LH concentrations were significantly increased in the treated group, whereas testosterone and cortisol decreased (p < 0.05) following treatment. In addition, the treated group had greater TAC and GPx concentrations than the control group. Serum concentrations of magnesium increased (p < 0.05) following receptal treatment, but differences in other minerals were not detected. This research suggests a novel, effective method of treating inactive ovaries with epidural infusion of a GnRH agonist.

Adriamycin (ADR) is an effective antineoplastic agent commonly used to treat different types of cancer. The use of ADR in clinical chemotherapy is limited due to diverse toxicities, including gonadotoxicity. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of nano-magnetic particles (NFe3O4) and Graviola leaves extract and (NFe3O4 + Graviola leaves extract) against ADR -induced gonadotoxicity. The rats divided into 5 groups (10 rats per group). The first group (normal g.), the second group received ADR alone (5 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) as (control g.), the third group received ADR followed by NFe3O4 (5 mg/kg body weight, i.p.), the fourth group received ADR followed by Graviola (200mg/kg body weight, orally), and the fifth group received ADR followed by NFe3O4(5 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) and Graviola leaves extract(200mg/kg body weight, orally). Animals were sacrificed 36 days after treatment and sex hormones (Testosterone and F.S.H) in serum. Also, the activities of antioxidants such as (SOD), (CAT), (GSH) and the level of (MDA) as a marker of lipid peroxidation were measured. In the ADR-exposed rats, Testosterone, F.S.H, GSH, SOD and CAT were significantly decreased, while MDA was significantly increased.When compared with normal animals. In the Group NFe3O4, graviola, and (NFe3O4 +graviola), Testosterone, F.S.H, GSH, SOD and CAT enzymes levels were significantly increased, while MDA level was significantly decreased when compared with ADR treated animals. The results showed that there is a possibility that the ethanolic extract of graviola leaves and NFe3O4 ameliorate the gonadotoxicity induced by ADR in rats.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is multifarious group of disorders distinguished with hyperglycemia. Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes frequently occurs animal model in the medical researches. Hence, amelioration of hyperglycemia associated with diabetes is a cardinal target for therapeutics. Therefore, this work aimed to assesses the possible ameliorative characteristic of Aloe vera and Amaryl in STZ-induced diabetes. In this study, forty male Wistar rats within average weight 130±20 gm and age 6-7 weeks were used. The animals were evenly divided; 10 rats of each as follow. Group 1 served as control. Group 2 only received STZ. Group 3 received STZ + Aloe vera extract. Group 4 received STZ + Amaryl. Venous blood samples collected for biochemical assay using colorimetric methods. Besides this, specimens from pancreas were excised for the histological findings. Biochemically, STZ induced diabetic rats led to significant elevation in mean levels of blood glucose, total bilirubin and malondialdehyde (MDA) when compared with control. Contrary, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly decreased in STZ induced group in comparison with control. In contrast, the administrations of Aloe vera and amaryl to STZ diabetic rats showed an improvement in the mean values of the altered parameters. Histopathology, diabetic group revealed vacuolation of the pancreatic B-cells, besides inflammatory edema. Aloe vera and amaryl treated groups exhibited apparently normal pancreatic tissues. Depending on theses evidence, we could say that Aloe vera followed by amaryl could have contributed for an improvement of the pathophysiological alterations promoted by STZ induced diabetes.