Objective: To investigate the sex-related differences in single-task performance through motor torque, cognitive tasks and walking speed, and the combined dual-task costs (DTCs) considering both motor and cognitive performance in young adults. Methods: Sixty-seven non-athletic subjects 37 females and 30 males were enrolled. The study measured their knee extension muscle torque using an isokinetic strength dynamometer and their walking speed using the one step app. these assessments were performed both with and without a cognitive task, and the DTCs were calculated. Results: The females exhibited significantly larger motor performance dual task effect through (torque-DTC, speed-DTC) compared with males while exhibiting smaller cognitive dual task effect with muscle torque and speed. Conclusion: Deterioration in motor performance during muscle force production and speed during dual tasks was large in females compared to males, whereas males experience a decline in cognitive ability when performing dual tasks compared with females.

Introduction. Cellulite is associated with variations in the skin appearance with cottage cheese, mattress-like, or orange peel. The most common areas for these lesions are the posterior or upper thighs and buttocks and mainly affect females after puberty. The objective of the study was to determine whether extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) or manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) is more effective for the reduction of the grade of cellulite after liposuction. Methods. This study is a single-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial. Thirty females with grade 3 cellulite were randomly distributed into two groups equal in number (n = 15), group A was equipped to ESWT and group B was equipped to MLD. The cellulite grading scale was used to assess cellulite grade, and the skinfold caliper was used to assess the thickness of subcutaneous fat. The assessment was carried out before and four weeks after starting the treatment. Both groups received topical retinol twice daily for four weeks; in addition, group A received ESWT, while group B received MLD, two times/week for 4 weeks. Results. The mean values of the skinfold caliper in group A decreased by 24.4% and in group B by 15.38% with a significant difference between the two groups . Also, the mean values of the cellulite grading scale decreased significantly after treatment in group A compared with the mean values of group B . Conclusions. There was more reduction in the grade of cellulite and thickness of subcutaneous fat in the ESWT group than the MLD group after liposuction.

Background and Objectives: Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are the leading cause of disability, particularly among young adults in Saudi Arabia. Persistent disabilities account for around 7% of all injuries attributed to MVAs in Saudi Arabia in the last twenty years. Limited studies on musculoskeletal disabilities following MVAs have been carried out in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to explore the epidemiology and prevalence of musculoskeletal disabilities in motor vehicle accident (MVA) patients in the Aljouf region, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated all MVA victims treated in the Aljouf region, Saudi Arabia, from January 2020 to December 2022. A total of 3252 medical records were collected, with 731, 1197, and 1324 musculoskeletal injury cases per year, of which 88, 168, and 153 records from 2020, 2021, and 2022 were analysed, respectively. Results: The study found that patients aged 25–34 and 35–44 years were the most likely to experience disability following MVAs. The difference between age groups during a single year was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Most patients were male (89.8%, 82.7%, and 79.7%) during 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively. The majority of injuries involved the upper extremities (38.6%, 36.9%, and 40.5%), followed by lower extremities (36.4%, 35.7%, and 34.6%), head and neck (21.6%, 26.2%, and 34.6%), thoracic region (20.5%, 24.4%, and 17%), and finally lumbosacral spine (6.8%, 5.4%, and 6.5%) during 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively, with a significant difference for each year (p < 0.001). The study found a link between the likelihood of developing high disability grades and injury severity scores. The patients with very severe ISS ≥ 25 (OR: ∞ CI 95%: 39.81–∞; p < 0.001), severe ISS = 16–24 (OR: ∞ CI 95%: 20.90–∞; p < 0.001), and moderate ISS = 9–15 (OR: ∞ CI 95%: 1.2–∞; p = 0.02) were at greater risk of developing high grades of disability. Conclusions: This study highlighted the musculoskeletal disabilities in the Aljouf region following MVAs. Severe musculoskeletal disabilities were rare, but fractures were the most common following MVAs. More efforts should be directed towards education on early transportation and transfer to the nearest medical centres, seeking assistance immediately after MVAs for patient safety, and disability prevention.

Introduction: The main aim of the current study was to compare the effect of monopolar radiofrequency (MRF) and pulsed dye laser (PDL) in reducing acne scars and improving the cosmetic appearance.Methods: Overall, 30 patients suffering from mild or severe acne scars evaluated with the échelle d’évaluation clinique des cicatrices d’acné (ECCA) grading scale were randomly distributed into 2 groups. Group A (MRF group) was subjected to 1 session (8 minutes for each cheek) per month of MRF for 4 months. Group B (PDL group) received 1 session (5 minutes for each cheek) per month of PDL for 4 months. Pre- and post-treatment acne scar severity was assessed by using the ECCA grading scale and the self-assessment of clinical acne-related scars (SCARS) scale. Quality of life and the emotional impact of acne scars were evaluated by the facial acne scar quality of life (FASQoL) scale.Results: Both groups presented a significant decrease in ECCA scale, SCARS scale, and FASQoL scale after the treatment compared with the pre-treatment status (p < 0.001). There was a significant reduction in scores of ECCA scale, SCARS scale, and FASQoL scale in group B compared with group A after the treatment (p < 0.001).Conclusions: PDL is highly more effective than MRF in patients with acne scars.