Morin, A Flavonoid, On Lipid Peroxidation And Antioxidant Status In Experimental Myocardial Ischemic Rats

Background/Objectives: Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, while natural antioxidants have emerged as promising therapeutic agents in cancer treatment. Although fucoidan from brown algae shows anticancer potential, its efficacy is limited by bioavailability challenges, and the synergistic effects of combining it with gold nanoparticles remain unexplored. Methods: Fucoidan was extracted from Sargassum cinereum and Turbinaria decurrens. F-AuNPs were produced utilizing fucoidan as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. The nanoparticles were analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, XRD, DLS, TAG, and zeta potential evaluation. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP tests. Cytotoxicity was determined against HepG2, THP-1, and BNL cells, utilizing MTT and SRB tests. Flow cytometry was utilized to assess the cell cycle, while molecular docking was carried out to examine binding to oncogenic proteins. Results: T. decurrens produced higher polysaccharides rich in fucoidan content (235.9 mg/g dry weight) and stated higher antioxidant activity (FRAP: 9.21 μg TE mg⁻¹; DPPH: 4.48 μg TE mg⁻¹) in comparison to S. cinereum. F-AuNPs showed potent cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells, with IC₅₀ values and cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells, with IC₅₀ values of 377.6 μg/mL for S. cinereum and 449.5 μg mL⁻¹ for T. decurrens. Molecular docking revealed robust binding of fucoidan to COX-2 (−7.1 kcal mol⁻¹) and TERT (−5.4 kcal mol⁻¹). Conclusions: Fucoidan and F-AuNPs reveal remarkable antioxidant and anticancer properties. Nanoparticle formulation greatly improves bioactivity, underscoring its promise as a synergistic approach for cancer treatment by influencing oxidative stress and cancer-associated pathways.

Background: Recently, green nanoparticles are gaining importance in drug development because of their lower toxicity, sustainability, cost effectiveness, simplicity, and ecofriendly nature compared with toxic chemicals. Objective: In this study, we developed a nontoxic method for synthesizing iron oxide nanoparticles by using the fruit of Pouteria caimito that is rich in vitamin A and C and evaluated their cytotoxicity. Methods: Pouteria caimito fruit¬–derived superparamagnetic nanoparticles (PCSNs) were characterized using physical and chemical methods, and their cytotoxicity was examined using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2–5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results: Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis spectro) analysis of PSNs showed a peak at 277 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) findings showed that PSNs exhibited a nanorod shape with their sizes ranging from 9.41 nm to 16.96 nm (average size: 13.08 nm). The findings of dynamic light scattering (DLS) indicated that the particle size was 186.6–847.3 d.nm with an average of 367.5 d.nm. The Zeta potential analysis indicated that PSNs exhibited uniform surface charge distribution, and their surface charge was equal to −13.7 mV. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed background-color:#fcfcfc">that PSNs exhibited bands at 3412, 1629, 1384, 1075, 818, 697, and 471 cm−1.Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) results showed that iron was the major element present in PCSNs, followed by other biomolecules such as C, O, and Cl, indicating the production of iron oxide nanoparticles. Conclusion: The Pouteria caimito fruit that possesses strong oxidizing and nontoxic properties can be a potentially attractive source for the production of iron oxide nanoparticles. Moreover, the cytotoxicity assay results revealed that iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized using the Pouteria caimito fruit extract derived can be used for targeting cancer cells and treating other diseases because of their nontoxic nature. These nanoparticles can be used for the treatment of cancer and other diseases in the future. Keywords: Fruit; Pouteria caimito; ferric chloride; superparamagnetic nanoparticles; cytotoxicity.

Bunch berry (Lantana camara) is primarily composed of flavonoids and vitamin C; therefore, it has been shown to possess various medical characteristics, including the ability to relieve fever, inflammation, and urinary tract infections. In this study, we intended to assess twenty chosen constituents of Bunch berry as potent inhibitory agents of human acetylcholinesterase (hAchE), carbonic anhydrase II (hCA-II) and carboxylesterase 1 (hCES-1) employing in silico techniques. The twenty chosen Bunch berry components were examined about docking behaviour of hAchE, hCA-II and hCES-I by using the Swissdock method. Apart from to docking, Molecular physico-chemical, drug-likeness, ADME (ingesting, dispersing, metabolising, and excreting), and toxicity assessments were also performed utilising the Molinspiration, Swiss ADME, pkCSM, and STITCH web sites, correspondingly. Eight ligands (40 %) have exhibited strict adherence to Lipinski's rule of five (Ro5), according to molecular physico-chemical study. Drug-likeness property analysis has shown that five ligands (25 %) of Bunch berry predicted to exhibit moderate bioactivity score against all the descriptors. ADME analysis has shown that five ligands (25 %) of Bunch berry are predicted to possess high gastrointestinal absorption property Toxicity analysis has shown that six ligands (30 %) of Bunch berry are predicted to have hERG II (Human ether-a-go-go-related gene) inhibition activity. According to the docking analysis, lantic acid has the lowest atomic binding energy for all three target enzymes, hAchE (-6.23 kcal/mol), hCA-II (-4.46 kcal/mol), and hCES-I (-5.99 kcal/mol), respectively. Thus the current find provides an advanced understanding the twenty selected ligands of Bunch berry as potent inhibitory agents of human acetylcholinesterase (hAchE), carbonic anhydrase II (hCA-II) and carboxylesterase 1 (hCES-1).

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Aristolochia bracteolate plant extracts. The nanoparticles were subsequently studied using various techniques such as UV-Vis, FTIR, EDS, XRD, SEM, and HR-TEM analysis. MTT assays have been utilized to determine the cytotoxicity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles at concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 15 μg. The Ab-AgNPs exhibited effective cytotoxic activity against MCF-7. Anticancer activity studies revealed that Ab-AgNps produced comparable good results for standard cancer drugs. Ab-AgNPs are used for evaluating their antibacterial effectiveness against pathogenic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Aristolochic acid (AA1) and Aristolochic acid (AA2) are the major phytoconstituents in the Aristolochia bracteolate. The current study reports theoretical investigations of aristolochic acids (AA1 and AA2) as well as silver nanocages aristolochic acids using density functional theory. Furthermore, the silver-doped with Aristolochic acids (AA1 and AA2) was subjected and examined their of breast cancer activity using molecular docking analysis. KEY WORDS: Aristolochia bracteolate, Silver nanoparticles, Transmission electron microscopy, Docking, Anti cancer active Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(2), 271-286. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i2.7