Assessing the quality of life (QoL) of older adults with intestinal stomas is crucial to understanding the impact of body image and lifestyle changes in this often-underrepresented population. This study aims to evaluate the QoL of older adults with intestinal stomas and analyze the influence of sociodemographic and clinical factors on different QoL domains. This cross-sectional study analyzed the QoL of 47 older adults with intestinal stomas, using the City of Hope Quality of Life—Ostomy Questionnaire (COHQOL-OQ). Data were collected from the outpatient Orthotics and Prosthetics Program and analyzed using R software (version 4.3.1). The majority of participants were male (59.6%), with a mean age of 68.8 ± 5.6 years. Cancer was the leading cause of stoma creation (70.2%), with 83.0% having colostomies and 57.4% permanent stomas. The overall QoL score was 6.71 ± 1.64, with the lowest scores in the physical well-being domain (6.21 ± 2.31) and the highest in the spiritual well-being domain (7.91 ± 1.73). Significant associations were found between QoL and type of ostomy (p = 0.008), self-managed pouch changes (p = 0.050), and physical activity (p = 0.034). The study highlights the importance of autonomy and targeted interventions, including physical activity programs and psychoeducational support, to enhance QoL in this population. The findings provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals and policymakers, contributing to the development of evidence-based interventions for older adults with stomas.

The objective of this research was to analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on contemporary education, investigating how its implementation has influenced teaching and learning methods, as well as educational outcomes. As for the methods, the research adopted a quantitative exploratory approach, applying questionnaires to 102 teachers from different educational institutions. The questionnaires, conducted in person or virtually, encompassed a five-point Likert scale to capture perceptions about artificial intelligence in education, and the data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and graphs. As a result, the analysis of the results of the questionnaires applied to teachers evidenced a perception about the potential impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on contemporary education. The majority of participants agreed on the effectiveness of AI in personalizing teaching, recognizing its role in tailoring the educational process to the individual needs of students, reflecting a substantial acceptance of technology as a transformative force in the educational landscape. However, there was a significant portion of teachers who expressed concerns and disagreements regarding the use of AI in education, especially regarding student assessment and feedback. These divergences highlighted challenges such as the lack of technological infrastructure, resistance to change, ethical issues, and the need for teacher training for the effective use of AI. In light of this, fostering a collaborative dialogue between educators, researchers, technology professionals, and policymakers was key to addressing these challenges and fully exploiting the potential of AI in positively transforming education, preparing students for the challenges of the 21st century. DOI:https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.002-044

Mycobacteria cause tuberculosis and other serious diseases. Understanding their mechanisms of resistance to our immune system and exploring novel drugs are critical strategies to combat infections. A bibliometric analysis was performed to identify publication trends and critical research areas in the field of the antimicrobial activity of desferrioxamine. A total of twenty-four publications on the topic, from 2012 to 2023, were retrieved from databases including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Embase, using specific keywords. The quality of the publications was assessed using impact and productivity metrics, with an average annual publication rate of 2.1 articles. The United States emerged as the most productive country, with medicine (23.4%, 11 publications) and biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology (21.3%, 10 publications) as the top research fields. The five most cited publications accounted for 672 citations, with a relatively low h-index (11:11). In conclusion, there has been a lack of publications on this topic in the last decade. The United States dominates production and publication in this area, and there appears to be limited exchange of knowledge, ideas, and technology within the field. Therefore, fostering international cooperation through funding is essential to facilitate further research and development of desferrioxamine-related studies.

Background: Repositioning offers a cost‐effective approach to discovering new therapeutic applications for existing medications. Ambroxol, primarily used as a mucolytic for respiratory diseases, has demonstrated anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant properties, suggesting potential benefits in non‐pulmonary conditions. This study conducted a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy of ambroxol in experimental disease models unrelated to the respiratory system. Methods: Following registration in the Open Science Framework and adherence to the PICO strategy for formulating the guiding question, searches were performed in PUBMED/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS using the keywords: (Ambroxol) AND (Anti‐Inflammatory Agents OR Analgesics OR Antioxidants) AND (Animals OR in vivo). The SYRCLE tool assessed methodological quality. Among 353 identified records, eight articles met eligibility criteria. Results: These studies investigated ambroxol's effects in models of gastric lesions, neuropathic pain, psoriasis‐like skin inflammation, hemorrhagic cystitis, and ischemia/reperfusion injuries in the liver and kidneys. Ambroxol doses ranged from 5 to 1000 mg/kg, predominantly administered orally. Its antioxidant properties were demonstrated by reducing free radicals and increasing enzymatic activity (SOD, CAT, GSH). Anti‐inflammatory effects included a decrease in pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐1β) and histological improvements. Antinociceptive action was observed through inhibition of voltage‐gated sodium channels and reduction of oxidative stress, alleviating neuropathic pain. Conclusions: Despite ambroxol's widespread clinical use, limited research has explored its non‐respiratory applications. Existing studies suggest its promising therapeutic potential, reinforcing the need for further investigation into its role as an alternative treatment for various inflammatory and oxidative stress–related conditions beyond pulmonary diseases.

Resumo Objetivos: analisar a tendência e distribuição espacial da hepatite B em gestantes no Brasil. Métodos: estudo ecológico a partir de todos os casos notificados de hepatite B em gestantes pelo Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação – Sinan entre 2009 e 2018. Foram calculadas as taxas de detecção do vírus da hepatite B (HBV) em todos os municípios. A análise espacial foi realizada por meio do Índice Global de Moran para os dados globais e os indicadores locais de associação espacial (Lisa) para os 5.570 municípios. Para análise de tendências por Estado, utilizou-se o modelo de regressão linear generalizada de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: foram notificadas 15.253 gestantes com HBV. Observou-se altas taxas de detecção nos municípios de São Miguel da Boa Vista-SC (68,96/1000 Nascidos vivos (NV)), Araguaiana-MT (68,18/1000 NV), Reserva do Cabaçal-MT(80,00/1.000 NV), São Geraldo da Piedade-MG (75/1000 NV), Porto Mauá-RS (111,11/1000 NV), nos respectivos biênios. Moran (I) (I=0,056) apresentou associação espacial positiva. No Lisa observou-se 78 municípios inserido no cluster alto-alto, sendo 51,28%na região Sul e 48 no cluster baixo-baixo com 72,91% no Sudeste. Verificou-se tendência crescente no Maranhão (p=0,004) e Pernambuco (p=0,007) e diminuição no Mato Grosso (p=0,012), Paraná (p=0,031) e Santa Catarina (p=0,008). Conclusão: Observou-se a detecção de hepatite B em gestantes na maioria dos municípios brasileiros, com tendência crescente em dois estados e diminuição em outros três.

Ambroxol, also known as Trans-4-(2-amino-3,5-dibromobenzylamino)-cyclohexanol (ABX), is a chemical compound with mucolytic properties used to treat pulmonary diseases such as bronchitis and cystic fibrosis. It enhances mucus clearance in the respiratory tract. Recent studies have suggested its broad therapeutic potential, including analgesic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects in various clinical contexts. This study aimed to systematically identify research trends and critical points in the pharmacological activities of ambroxol hydrochloride in experimental models. A bibliometric review was conducted, retrieving 24 publications from the Web of Science and Scopus databases without temporal restrictions, using appropriate English keywords. The quality of the publications was assessed using impact metrics, productivity, term density mapping, and author network analysis. The average publication rate was 0.7 articles per year, with significant growth starting in the 2000s, a notable increase between 2016 and 2020, and a peak in 2021 with 5 articles published. China was the country with the highest number of publications. The primary field of publication was medicine (33.3%), and the journals with the best metrics were Intensive Care and Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Keyword co-occurrence analysis identified a complex network of 77 terms, divided into 4 clusters. Co-authorship analysis revealed 139 authors, divided into 21 clusters, with the largest cluster connecting 24 authors. A scarcity of publications addressing the pleiotropic effects of ambroxol in experimental models was observed. This bibliometric review highlights the need for further research in this field to explore new therapeutic approaches and possibilities, leveraging the potential effects of this drug.