The pharmacist must work with the clinical team across the continuum of care to develop and therefore improve the patient's quality of life. In this study, we present the results from a continuous pharmaceutical care programme for patients admitted to an angiology and vascular surgery department. A 5-month prospective study to evaluate the results of a pharmaceutical care programme in an angiology and vascular surgery department. The pharmacist went on the rounds with the clinical team from Monday to Friday and helped make decisions on treatment, and detect and resolve conciliation discrepancies upon admission and discharge, and drug-related problems during the hospital stay. We detected and resolved 273 conciliation discrepancies in 99 patients and 76 drug-related problems in 46 patients. Global acceptance of pharmacist interventions was 96%. Seventy-four percent of patients presented conciliation discrepancies. Efficiency of pharmaceutical activity across the continuum of care is demonstrated by the high acceptance of the interventions.

Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) consist of abnormal dilation or the widening of a portion of the ascending aorta, due to weakness or destructuring of the walls of the vessel and are potentially lethal. The congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is considered a risk factor for the development of TAA because asymmetric blood flow through the bicuspid aortic valve detrimentally influences the wall of the ascending aorta. NOTCH1 mutations have been associated with non-syndromic TAAs as a consequence of BAV, but little is known regarding its haploinsufficiency and its relationship with connective tissue abnormalities. We report two cases in which there is clear evidence that alterations in the NOTCH1 gene are the cause of TAA in the absence of BAV. On the one hand, we describe a 117 Kb deletion that includes a large part of the NOTCH1 gene and no other coding genes, suggesting that haploinsufficiency can be considered a pathogenic mechanism for this gene associated with TAA. In addition, we describe two brothers who carry two variants, one in the NOTCH1 gene and another in the MIB1 gene, corroborating the involvement of different genes of the Notch pathway in aortic pathology.

Background and Objectives: Patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remain at high risk of recurrent events. REALITY aims to analyse the actual levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), the modalities of lipid-lowering therapies (LLT) used, and ASCVD patient outcomes in a real-world setting in Spain. Methods: REALITY is a retrospective observational study conducted using a healthcare database of 1.8 million patients representative of the Spanish population. The study included 26,976 patients with new or recurrent ASCVD events recruited from 2017 to 2019 and followed up for two years. Results: Management of ASCVD involved the utilisation of high-intensity (53%) or very high-intensity (36%) LLT. After two years, a decrease in total cholesterol (from 228.7 to 176.7 mg/dL), LDL-C (from 126.4 to 99.0 mg/dL), and triglycerides (from 216.7 to 163.7 mg/dL), accompanied by a moderate increase in HDL-C levels was observed. However, LDL-C goals of ESC/EAS guidelines were only reached by a minority of patients. Less than 15% of ASCVD patients achieved their LDL-C goals of <70, as stated in contemporary guidelines (3% if the present <55 mg/dL threshold in the ESC/EAS guidelines is considered). During the follow-up period, 9% of ASCVD patients died and 25% experienced a new ASCVD event. Conclusions: In the REALITY study, most patients did not achieve their target LDL-C goals despite receiving high- or very high-intensity LLT. Increasing the utilisation of extreme LLT is crucial to reducing recurrent ASCVD events and mitigating these patients’ high morbidity and mortality risk.

Introduction: Hospital pharmacists are increasingly playing a critical role in the care of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, little is known about their preferences and perspectives towards different attributes of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). The objective of this research was to assess pharmacists´ preferences for DMT efficacy attributes. Methods: A multicenter, non-interventional, cross-sectional, web-based study was conducted. Preventing relapses, delaying disease progression, controlling radiological activity, and preserving health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and cognition were the attributes selected based on a literature review and a focus group with six hospital pharmacists. Conjoint analysis was used to determine preferences in eight hypothetical treatment scenarios, combining different levels of each attribute and ranking them from most to least preferred. Results: Sixty-five hospital pharmacists completed the study (mean age: 43.5 ± 7.8 years, 63.1% female, mean years of professional experience: 16.1 ± 7.4 years). Participants placed the greatest preference on delaying disease progression (35.7%) and preserving HRQoL (21.6%) and cognition (21.6%). Importance was consistent in all groups of pharmacists stratified according to demographic characteristics, experience, research background, and volume of patients seen per year. Conclusions: Understanding which treatment characteristics are meaningful to hospital pharmacists may help to enhance their synergistic role in the multidisciplinary management of patients with MS.

Background/Objectives: Pharmacogenomics (PGx) enables personalized therapy by identifying genetic variants that influence drug response. Despite the advantages of next-generation sequencing (NGS), few clinically validated, guideline-aligned panels comprehensively detect common, rare, and structurally complex pharmacogenetic variants. Methods: We developed and analytically validated Action PharmaKitDx, a targeted NGS panel covering 335 pharmacogenes, including all priority genes recommended by CPIC, DPWG, and CPNDS. Performance was assessed using Coriell HapMap and GeT-RM reference materials across multiple library preparation workflows and Illumina platforms. Clinical feasibility was evaluated in 41 patient samples from diverse specialties. Results were compared with established reference methods, including PCR-based assays, STR analysis, Sanger sequencing, and whole-exome sequencing. Results: More than 99% of target bases achieved ≥30× coverage. Analytical accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value exceeded 99.3%, with repeatability and reproducibility >99.7%. Concordance with GeT-RM haplotypes reached 98% after star-allele harmonization. The panel accurately detected complex variants, including CYP2D6 copy-number changes and hybrid alleles. Full concordance with prior genotyping was observed in clinical samples. Beyond the initial testing indication, each sample harbored a mean of six actionable variants (range 2–10). Thirty-six rare (minor allele frequency <1%) potentially actionable variants were additionally identified. Conclusions: Action PharmaKitDx demonstrates high analytical performance and broad clinical applicability, supporting its implementation as a scalable solution for comprehensive pharmacogenetic testing and precision prescribing.