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Paul Upham
Institute for Environmental and Sustainability Communication, Leuphana University, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany

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Journal article
Published: 14 September 2020 in Sustainability
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To what extent are the values of employees and employers aligned in the context of sustainability and how might this be assessed? These are the main research questions in a case study involving a Swedish Small to Medium Enterprise (SME) with ambitions to become more ‘sustainable’. The wider context of the paper is the alignment of managerial and employee values for organisational sustainability. Specifically, the study applies and assesses Barrett’s concept of Organisational Consciousness as a level-based approach to sustainability values, which we argue is based on an integration of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Wilber’s Integral metatheory. Quantifying the incidence of references to various values elicited in interviews, the study demonstrates: the limited salience of Barrett’s themes (‘attributes’) for employees; the divergent perspectives in participants’ personal and organisational lives. While normatively affirming Barrett’s overall approach, we observe that most organisations are likely to be a considerable distance from Barrett’s higher levels. How one interprets this is debatable: it may be concluded that Barrett’s framework is overambitious or that organisations need to: (i) broaden their understanding of sustainability and (ii) nurture alignment between personal and organisational values.

ACS Style

Rita Klapper; Lindsay Berg; Paul Upham. Probing Alignment of Personal and Organisational Values for Sustainability: An Assessment of Barrett’s Organisational Consciousness Model. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7584 .

AMA Style

Rita Klapper, Lindsay Berg, Paul Upham. Probing Alignment of Personal and Organisational Values for Sustainability: An Assessment of Barrett’s Organisational Consciousness Model. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7584.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rita Klapper; Lindsay Berg; Paul Upham. 2020. "Probing Alignment of Personal and Organisational Values for Sustainability: An Assessment of Barrett’s Organisational Consciousness Model." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7584.

Journal article
Published: 04 August 2020 in Energy Research & Social Science
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The sociology of technological expectations examines, amongst other questions, the way in which expectations of new technologies help to mobilise or hinder commitment and investment. In this and other regards, studies have referred to a ‘sea’ of informal, individual expectations, contrasting these with formal visions such as roadmaps. Here we first identify and document those less formal, individual expectations of static and mobile applications for hydrogen fuel cells (H2FCs), as held by innovation system actors. We then show that these typically involve conditionalities and uncertainties that relate as much to policy and society as to technology. In contrast, formal roadmaps set out bold possibilities premised on heroic policy assumptions that elide the social and policy uncertainties that informal expectations admit to. We argue that there is policy value in informal expectations: that they reveal issues that need to be addressed and conditions that need to be met. Moreover these are often social and political, as well as technological. We illustrate the variety of such issues with expectations-related data from interviews with 145 hydrogen fuel cell innovation system actors in Spain, Germany, Slovenia, France and the UK.

ACS Style

Paul Upham; Paula Bögel; Elisabeth Dütschke; Uta Burghard; Christian Oltra; Roser Sala; Monica Lores; Julia Brinkmann. The revolution is conditional? The conditionality of hydrogen fuel cell expectations in five European countries. Energy Research & Social Science 2020, 70, 101722 .

AMA Style

Paul Upham, Paula Bögel, Elisabeth Dütschke, Uta Burghard, Christian Oltra, Roser Sala, Monica Lores, Julia Brinkmann. The revolution is conditional? The conditionality of hydrogen fuel cell expectations in five European countries. Energy Research & Social Science. 2020; 70 ():101722.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paul Upham; Paula Bögel; Elisabeth Dütschke; Uta Burghard; Christian Oltra; Roser Sala; Monica Lores; Julia Brinkmann. 2020. "The revolution is conditional? The conditionality of hydrogen fuel cell expectations in five European countries." Energy Research & Social Science 70, no. : 101722.

Journal article
Published: 25 July 2020 in Energy Research & Social Science
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Sociotechnical sustainability transitions are understood to involve changes in cultural meaning, alongside a wide variety of other changes. One of the most popular conceptual models of such change, the multi-level perspective, exogenously locates slow-changing cultural factors in the ‘sociotechnical landscape’, viewing this landscape as periodically subject to ‘shocks’ that may support the break-through of niche innovations. Here we emphasise that shock to a sociotechnical system has social psychological dimensions, including meaning-related correlates. Accordingly, we apply social representations theory, as a theory of meaning, to provide a social psychological account of energy landscape shock and associated policy change. For illustration we take newspaper representations of the 2011 German social and policy response to the nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi power plant in Japan. The study illustrates the inter-related role of affect, identity and symbolic meaning-making in the public response to a sociotechnical landscape shock.

ACS Style

Paul Upham; Lisa Eberhardt; Rita G. Klapper. Rethinking the meaning of “landscape shocks” in energy transitions: German social representations of the Fukushima nuclear accident. Energy Research & Social Science 2020, 69, 101710 -101710.

AMA Style

Paul Upham, Lisa Eberhardt, Rita G. Klapper. Rethinking the meaning of “landscape shocks” in energy transitions: German social representations of the Fukushima nuclear accident. Energy Research & Social Science. 2020; 69 ():101710-101710.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paul Upham; Lisa Eberhardt; Rita G. Klapper. 2020. "Rethinking the meaning of “landscape shocks” in energy transitions: German social representations of the Fukushima nuclear accident." Energy Research & Social Science 69, no. : 101710-101710.

Journal article
Published: 14 May 2020 in Energy Research & Social Science
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The majority of local respondents in a large-scale survey were in favour of planned local wind farms on the Danish coast, despite these wind farm plans being the source of wider public and political contestation and opposition. Here we discuss results from the open-ended questions in the survey, specifically focusing on comments expressing how some respondents felt split in their views of these wind farms, accepting the need for renewable energy while at the same time being concerned about the potential local impact of the wind farms. Building on previous theoretical propositions relating to energy infrastructure opposition, here we apply the concept of cognitive polyphasia in some depth, providing a socio-cognitive account of the internal contradiction of being positively disposed to renewable energy in principle, but concerned about or opposed to specific developments in localities. We distinguish a cognitive polyphasic account of such mixed feelings from cognitive dissonance accounts, and we identify several types of polyphasic representations, providing a basis for further work in other cases.

ACS Style

Paul Upham; Katinka Johansen. A cognitive mess: Mixed feelings about wind farms on the Danish coast and the emotions of energy infrastructure opposition. Energy Research & Social Science 2020, 66, 101489 .

AMA Style

Paul Upham, Katinka Johansen. A cognitive mess: Mixed feelings about wind farms on the Danish coast and the emotions of energy infrastructure opposition. Energy Research & Social Science. 2020; 66 ():101489.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paul Upham; Katinka Johansen. 2020. "A cognitive mess: Mixed feelings about wind farms on the Danish coast and the emotions of energy infrastructure opposition." Energy Research & Social Science 66, no. : 101489.

Journal article
Published: 29 February 2020 in Sustainability
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The purpose of this study is to investigate in depth the perspectives of sustainability scientists regarding academic air travel, with an emphasis on cognitive dissonance and associated coping and rationalisation strategies. The research design is case study-based, focusing on a sustainability-focused academic unit in Germany. Thematic content analysis was applied to the transcripts of 11 interviews with sustainability scientists. Analytic codes were informed by prior previously identified cognitive dissonance reduction strategies. The research design is interpretative rather than seeking representativeness. Most of the academics questioned experience some degree of cognitive dissonance relating to the disjunction between their sustainability knowledge, attitudes and flight behaviour. While this dissonance relates—as expected—to the inconsistency between pro-environmental attitudes and flying, it also relates to the contradiction of social norms that support academic flying. To resolve feelings of dissonance, the interviewees report behavioural change, suppress inconsistencies and use various justifications that include denial of control, denial of responsibility, comparisons and compensation through benefits.

ACS Style

Isabel Schrems; Paul Upham. Cognitive Dissonance in Sustainability Scientists Regarding Air Travel for Academic Purposes: A Qualitative Study. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1837 .

AMA Style

Isabel Schrems, Paul Upham. Cognitive Dissonance in Sustainability Scientists Regarding Air Travel for Academic Purposes: A Qualitative Study. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (5):1837.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Isabel Schrems; Paul Upham. 2020. "Cognitive Dissonance in Sustainability Scientists Regarding Air Travel for Academic Purposes: A Qualitative Study." Sustainability 12, no. 5: 1837.

Journal article
Published: 25 December 2019 in Energy Policy
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Effective deployment of Distributed Energy Storage (DES) will depend in part on public attitudes and acceptance at both community and household levels. Here, we present the results of an exploratory survey to understand prospective public acceptance of DES technologies at household and community level in the UK (N = 949). The research design draws on previous qualitative technology acceptance work that was undertaken to inform the survey. We show that while the level of awareness of DES among the UK public is still very low, initial evaluation of information on domestic and neighbourhood battery storage is positive and evokes positive feelings that are significant predictors of positive attitudes. Moreover, the UK public has strong expectations about the technology, its benefits and its management. In particular, the results point to a bounded and place-based role for altruism: that people are more likely to accept energy storage facilities in their neighbourhood if they are for the benefit of that same neighbourhood. The results help us to understand public expectations of the technologies and the institutions relevant to decentralised energy design and deployment by commercial and public sector actors, as well as having implications for policy design and communication strategies.

ACS Style

P. Ambrosio-Albala; Paul Upham; C.S.E. Bale; P.G. Taylor. Exploring acceptance of decentralised energy storage at household and neighbourhood scales: A UK survey. Energy Policy 2019, 138, 111194 .

AMA Style

P. Ambrosio-Albala, Paul Upham, C.S.E. Bale, P.G. Taylor. Exploring acceptance of decentralised energy storage at household and neighbourhood scales: A UK survey. Energy Policy. 2019; 138 ():111194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P. Ambrosio-Albala; Paul Upham; C.S.E. Bale; P.G. Taylor. 2019. "Exploring acceptance of decentralised energy storage at household and neighbourhood scales: A UK survey." Energy Policy 138, no. : 111194.

Short communication
Published: 01 November 2019 in Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions
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The 2019 STRN research agenda identifies connecting the different 'levels' of transitions processes as a worthwhile line of work. Individual actor-level processes are an example of those at the 'micro' level that are lost through the aggregation involved in high level sociotechnical transitions concepts. This short commentary discusses ways of connecting individual actor level processes to transitions concepts, where 'individual' refers to individual human actors. For this purpose, the commentary draws on social psychology and shows how this particular discipline is relevant to more than simply consumption and technology acceptance. The commentary also identifies more general strategies relevant to the bridging of levels, beyond psychology, namely: (i) the use of concepts that inherently bridge the individual and the social; and (ii) the use of multi-stage, sequenced studies that track the influence of different types of processes through particular sociotechnical systems.

ACS Style

Paul Upham; Paula Maria Bögel; Elisabeth Dütschke. Thinking about individual actor-level perspectives in sociotechnical transitions: A comment on the transitions research agenda. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions 2019, 34, 341 -343.

AMA Style

Paul Upham, Paula Maria Bögel, Elisabeth Dütschke. Thinking about individual actor-level perspectives in sociotechnical transitions: A comment on the transitions research agenda. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. 2019; 34 ():341-343.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paul Upham; Paula Maria Bögel; Elisabeth Dütschke. 2019. "Thinking about individual actor-level perspectives in sociotechnical transitions: A comment on the transitions research agenda." Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions 34, no. : 341-343.

Journal article
Published: 29 May 2019 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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While the role of agency is widely acknowledged in socio-technical transition research, there remains a research gap on agency in transitions and a call for studies using an actor-centred approach to transition studies. In response to this call, this paper addresses the role of actors and, particularly, organisations in transitions. It examines the role of organisational change in socio-technical sustainability transitions and, more specifically, how transition initiatives may trigger and support these changes in organisations and systems. For this purpose, the paper draws on literature from both transition studies and organisational change management (OCM) to build a multi-scale, integrative theoretical heuristic. This addresses drivers and barriers for organisational change as an integral part of transition processes, connecting the micro level of the individual, the meso level of the organisation and the macro level of the broader system in which the organisation is located. With the goal of illustrating the links between OCM and transition studies, this paper empirically examines the impact of Region 2050, a large, multi-organisation transition initiative in Sweden, in terms of creating change within the organisations involved. The main focus is on how the organisations acquire the new knowledge and capabilities required for improving regional planning for sustainability. The empirical study identifies leverage points at the micro-, meso- and macro-levels, which may be used in order to change strategic planning processes. Three different theoretical concepts from transition studies and OCM that could help to foster long-term planning are also identified: (1) the macro-level of institutional plurality and its connection to the meso- (organisational) level; (2) collaboration as a key success factor on the organisational level; and (3) at the micro-level, the roles of individuals as change agents and boundary spanners. Overall, the case highlights the merits of the OCM literature for transition studies and their emphasis on understanding interacting processes operating at multiple scales.

ACS Style

Paula Maria Bögel; Kateryna Pereverza; Paul Upham; Olga Kordas. Linking socio-technical transition studies and organisational change management: Steps towards an integrative, multi-scale heuristic. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 232, 359 -368.

AMA Style

Paula Maria Bögel, Kateryna Pereverza, Paul Upham, Olga Kordas. Linking socio-technical transition studies and organisational change management: Steps towards an integrative, multi-scale heuristic. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 232 ():359-368.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paula Maria Bögel; Kateryna Pereverza; Paul Upham; Olga Kordas. 2019. "Linking socio-technical transition studies and organisational change management: Steps towards an integrative, multi-scale heuristic." Journal of Cleaner Production 232, no. : 359-368.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2019 in Energy Research & Social Science
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Post-normal science (PNS) has long advocated the inclusion of stakeholders in scientific processes where there is uncertainty, urgency and high stakes. Increasingly, however, such conditions have become recognised as the norm. Using the theoretical perspective of PNS, we examine the interactions between public objection, unstable coalition politics and uncertain environmental assessment knowledge to understand the case study of a Danish near-shore wind farm tender. In this case the original distinction made by PNS between facts, judgements, politics and science are confirmed as difficult to separate in what has been described as a condition of post-normal politics. The case, taking place within Denmark’s relatively transparent and inclusive wind power governance system, offers insights into the challenges of managing long-term environmental and energy policy objectives. However the case also demonstrates the challenges to the policy prescriptions of PNS, specifically regarding the notion of extended peer review communities (EPCs). Here we propose that the de facto condition for energy siting controversies is one of multiple, often self-organised EPCs.

ACS Style

Katinka Johansen; Paul Upham. The post-normal politics and science of wind power planning: Evidence from a Danish near-shore wind farm tender. Energy Research & Social Science 2019, 53, 182 -193.

AMA Style

Katinka Johansen, Paul Upham. The post-normal politics and science of wind power planning: Evidence from a Danish near-shore wind farm tender. Energy Research & Social Science. 2019; 53 ():182-193.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katinka Johansen; Paul Upham. 2019. "The post-normal politics and science of wind power planning: Evidence from a Danish near-shore wind farm tender." Energy Research & Social Science 53, no. : 182-193.

Journal article
Published: 29 March 2019 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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This paper explores a case of reputation and stakeholder management in sustainability transitions. We use the case of aviation biofuel (biokerosene) to explore the complications around signalling in strategic niche management processes. Biokerosene is currently supplied at several Scandinavian airports in a low percentage blend, either as standard or upon request, although trials suggest that modern jet engines can reliably handle much higher percentage blends. Airlines, airports and biokerosene suppliers cooperate in a process of mutual strategic positioning that supports confidence-building and market development, while at the same time being intended to encourage positive stakeholder perceptions. A key challenge for the sector, however, is that signalling biokerosene as a response to aviation-related climate emissions is complicated by mixed societal perceptions of biofuel sustainability; and the policy and material conditions for affordable, sustainable, large scale supply of biofuel are lacking. Thus while parts of the sector would like to more clearly signal the value of existing and greater biokerosene use, interrelationships between reputational risks, supply constraints and economics limit this. By bringing stakeholder management theory to strategic niche management, we present a view of the latter as in part reputationally driven, in response to the uncertain legitimacy of a technology at an early stage in its market development.

ACS Style

K. Koistinen; Paul Upham; Paula Maria Bögel. Stakeholder signalling and strategic niche management: The case of aviation biokerosene. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 225, 72 -81.

AMA Style

K. Koistinen, Paul Upham, Paula Maria Bögel. Stakeholder signalling and strategic niche management: The case of aviation biokerosene. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 225 ():72-81.

Chicago/Turabian Style

K. Koistinen; Paul Upham; Paula Maria Bögel. 2019. "Stakeholder signalling and strategic niche management: The case of aviation biokerosene." Journal of Cleaner Production 225, no. : 72-81.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2019 in Energy Research & Social Science
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ACS Style

Pepa Ambrosio-Albalá; Paul Upham; Catherine S.E. Bale. Purely ornamental? Public perceptions of distributed energy storage in the United Kingdom. Energy Research & Social Science 2019, 48, 139 -150.

AMA Style

Pepa Ambrosio-Albalá, Paul Upham, Catherine S.E. Bale. Purely ornamental? Public perceptions of distributed energy storage in the United Kingdom. Energy Research & Social Science. 2019; 48 ():139-150.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pepa Ambrosio-Albalá; Paul Upham; Catherine S.E. Bale. 2019. "Purely ornamental? Public perceptions of distributed energy storage in the United Kingdom." Energy Research & Social Science 48, no. : 139-150.

Journal article
Published: 22 October 2018 in Sustainability
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In the context of the connections between lifestyle entrepreneurship and sustainability, we discuss the way in which social capital may partially substitute or compensate for manufactured and natural capital. In terms of methods we use a case study community of lifestyle entrepreneurs in Nicaragua, operating under conditions of material resource constraints and weak formal institutions. We find that social capital is highly important in such a community, with the entrepreneurs adopting a range of effectuation or coping practices that enable them to function. We document these practices and consider the broader implications of such capital substitution, noting the particularities of the case study but also the implications for sustainability and the economics of a materially resource-constrained world. We draw particularly on Bourdieu’s conception of social capital, which posits that societies inherently organize for multi-capital accumulation, a proposal that itself has implications for sustainability. We conclude that while significant substitution of social for manufactured and natural capital is feasible in communities with values that are supportive of this, it remains to be seen whether this would be attractive to the wider, consumer society.

ACS Style

Rita Klapper; Paul Upham; Kalevi Kurronen. Social Capital, Resource Constraints and Low Growth Communities: Lifestyle Entrepreneurs in Nicaragua. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3813 .

AMA Style

Rita Klapper, Paul Upham, Kalevi Kurronen. Social Capital, Resource Constraints and Low Growth Communities: Lifestyle Entrepreneurs in Nicaragua. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (10):3813.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rita Klapper; Paul Upham; Kalevi Kurronen. 2018. "Social Capital, Resource Constraints and Low Growth Communities: Lifestyle Entrepreneurs in Nicaragua." Sustainability 10, no. 10: 3813.

Journal article
Published: 08 October 2018 in Energy, Sustainability and Society
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Sociotechnical transitions require pressure to be exerted from inside or outside of the prevailing ‘regime’, without which various path dependencies combine to maintain the status quo. Change agents including policy entrepreneurs within the regime, or civil society voices outside, can be sources of such pressure. However, in illiberal democracies or authoritarian regimes, these voices may be little heard or even suppressed. With the premise that this situation calls for protected transition spaces for policy development that are outside of formal institutions, so that policy windows may be taken advantage of should they arise, this paper applies a transdisciplinary transition management arena (TTMA) process (Noboa and Upham, Energy Res Soc Sci 46:114–124, 2018), whereby civil society and other stakeholders can be engaged in the envisioning of new energy futures. With an example of such an arena in Ecuador and presenting a rationale and design that draws on transdisciplinary research and transition management theories, problem statements, visions and strategies for a more decentralised energy system were set out, as generated by participants from government, NGOs, business and academia. The visioning process was evaluated and an analytical framework is proposed, by which to guide energy transition policy analysis in similar contexts in the future. Although compromised in illiberal democracies, sociotechnical transitions benefit from the voices of change agents through the building of new alternative discourses, stimulating policy entrepreneurship and crafting readiness for policy windows. The new alternative energy visions that were produced by participants in the process described here emphasise distributed renewable and sustainable generation, decentralised decision-making at subnational level, participatory energy planning governance and heterogeneous poly-technological solutions at small and medium scales.

ACS Style

Eduardo Noboa; Paul Upham; Harald Heinrichs. Collaborative energy visioning under conditions of illiberal democracy: results and recommendations from Ecuador. Energy, Sustainability and Society 2018, 8, 31 .

AMA Style

Eduardo Noboa, Paul Upham, Harald Heinrichs. Collaborative energy visioning under conditions of illiberal democracy: results and recommendations from Ecuador. Energy, Sustainability and Society. 2018; 8 (1):31.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eduardo Noboa; Paul Upham; Harald Heinrichs. 2018. "Collaborative energy visioning under conditions of illiberal democracy: results and recommendations from Ecuador." Energy, Sustainability and Society 8, no. 1: 31.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions
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ACS Style

Paula Maria Bögel; Paul Upham. Role of psychology in sociotechnical transitions studies: Review in relation to consumption and technology acceptance. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions 2018, 28, 122 -136.

AMA Style

Paula Maria Bögel, Paul Upham. Role of psychology in sociotechnical transitions studies: Review in relation to consumption and technology acceptance. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. 2018; 28 ():122-136.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paula Maria Bögel; Paul Upham. 2018. "Role of psychology in sociotechnical transitions studies: Review in relation to consumption and technology acceptance." Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions 28, no. : 122-136.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Social Science Research
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Factor analysis is often used to study environmental concern. This choice of methodology is driven by predominant theories that tie environmental attitudes to the multidimensional construct of environmental concern. This paper demonstrates that using a clustering method such as latent class analysis can be a valuable tool for studying environmental attitudes as they exist within a given population. In making the case for the value of latent class analysis in this context, we examine UK public concern for the environment and how this concern is associated with pro-environmental behaviours. To do this we use responses to DEFRA's 2009 Survey of Public Attitudes and Behaviours towards the Environment, which is still the most nationally representative survey of its type in the UK. Grouping respondents according to homogenous response patterns, we identify four classes of people, defined by their concern for the environment: Pro-environment, Neutral Majority, Disengaged and Paradoxical. To understand how these attitude classes are associated with behaviour and socio-economic status, class membership probability is regressed onto education, income and social grade, as well as 16 measures of environmental behaviour related to transport, food, recycling and home energy conservation. The results contradict most previous research with the environmental attitude classes by being highly predictive of environmental behaviour.

ACS Style

Rebecca Rhead; Mark Elliot; Paul Upham. Using latent class analysis to produce a typology of environmental concern in the UK. Social Science Research 2018, 74, 210 -222.

AMA Style

Rebecca Rhead, Mark Elliot, Paul Upham. Using latent class analysis to produce a typology of environmental concern in the UK. Social Science Research. 2018; 74 ():210-222.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rebecca Rhead; Mark Elliot; Paul Upham. 2018. "Using latent class analysis to produce a typology of environmental concern in the UK." Social Science Research 74, no. : 210-222.

Review article
Published: 19 July 2018 in Energy Research & Social Science
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While the theory and practice of transition management has been articulated and tested in Europe, little work in this vein has been undertaken in illiberal democracies, where state institutions may be captured by commercial interests, clientelism may operate and democratic rights may be constrained. We argue that a combination of insights from transition management and transdisciplinary research offers a basis for developing local strategies by which informal institutions can nurture alternative energy policy visions and prescriptions, in order to exploit policy windows that periodically arise. We articulate a conceptual framework to underpin such strategies, which emphasises the role of academics or other knowledge brokers as policy entrepreneurs, helping to build knowledge and capabilities, create networks of social capital and establish alternative discourse coalitions. While our particular applied interest here is in arenas for the development of low carbon energy scenarios in Latin America, the framework is also intended to have wider applicability.

ACS Style

Eduardo Noboa; Paul Upham. Energy policy and transdisciplinary transition management arenas in illiberal democracies: A conceptual framework. Energy Research & Social Science 2018, 46, 114 -124.

AMA Style

Eduardo Noboa, Paul Upham. Energy policy and transdisciplinary transition management arenas in illiberal democracies: A conceptual framework. Energy Research & Social Science. 2018; 46 ():114-124.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eduardo Noboa; Paul Upham. 2018. "Energy policy and transdisciplinary transition management arenas in illiberal democracies: A conceptual framework." Energy Research & Social Science 46, no. : 114-124.

Journal article
Published: 04 July 2018 in Sustainability
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In the VW diesel scandal, automakers were found to be cheating with emission data, by e.g., tampering with on-board detection systems. We have calculated changes in the energy use and emissions of carbon dioxide equivalents that would arise through several options open to automakers, to ensure that the emission of nitrogen oxides is kept within the standards. Several studies show how manufacturers have also significantly underreported vehicles’ actual fuel consumption. We explain our derivation of new factors for energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from diesel- and gasoline-powered passenger cars, as well as their electric hybrid varieties. The results of the analysis show that energy consumption and emissions of carbon dioxide equivalents will increase in the range of 18–21% for passenger cars with diesel and hybrid diesel engines, while for cars with gasoline and hybrid gasoline, the addition is 9–10%. The analysis highlights an environmental dilemma of current car technology, but also the path-dependent ways of thinking that have been prevalent within the automotive sector. From a sociotechnical sustainability transitions perspective, Dieselgate can be viewed as a case of “regime resistance”, whereby incumbent actors seek to maintain the status quo.

ACS Style

Otto Andersen; Paul Upham; Carlo Aall. Technological Response Options after the VW Diesel Scandal: Implications for Engine CO2 Emissions. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2313 .

AMA Style

Otto Andersen, Paul Upham, Carlo Aall. Technological Response Options after the VW Diesel Scandal: Implications for Engine CO2 Emissions. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (7):2313.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Otto Andersen; Paul Upham; Carlo Aall. 2018. "Technological Response Options after the VW Diesel Scandal: Implications for Engine CO2 Emissions." Sustainability 10, no. 7: 2313.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2018 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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This manuscript considers the implications of prior attitudes for public-facing communication campaigns relating to hydrogen technologies in Europe. Findings from a survey of publics in seven EU countries indicate low attitude strength and low stability of attitudes towards hydrogen fuel cells for stationary and mobile applications, as well as country differences. While prior attitudes are known to be influential in technology acceptance, they appear to be less so at the early stage of technology diffusion, when public knowledge and awareness are relatively low. This in turn implies that while psychological theories are proving useful in consumer-citizen aspects of socio-technical transitions research in particular, their context-specific application and further empirical testing are required. The findings imply that information campaigns would be a valuable tool at this early stage of hydrogen technologies, being likely to increase awareness for those with low or no knowledge and to positively influence attitudes towards the technology. Assuming higher diffusion of the technologies in future, however, communication strategies would need to be adapted: stronger commitment towards particular attitudes may lead to ‘biased’ information processing and evaluation. Regular monitoring on a country-specific level in this regard is thus recommended, reflecting country differences in the degree of diffusion of hydrogen technologies.

ACS Style

Paula Maria Bögel; Christian Oltra; Roser Sala; Monica Lores; Paul Upham; Elisabeth Dütschke; Uta Schneider; Paul Wiemann. The role of attitudes in technology acceptance management: Reflections on the case of hydrogen fuel cells in Europe. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 188, 125 -135.

AMA Style

Paula Maria Bögel, Christian Oltra, Roser Sala, Monica Lores, Paul Upham, Elisabeth Dütschke, Uta Schneider, Paul Wiemann. The role of attitudes in technology acceptance management: Reflections on the case of hydrogen fuel cells in Europe. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 188 ():125-135.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paula Maria Bögel; Christian Oltra; Roser Sala; Monica Lores; Paul Upham; Elisabeth Dütschke; Uta Schneider; Paul Wiemann. 2018. "The role of attitudes in technology acceptance management: Reflections on the case of hydrogen fuel cells in Europe." Journal of Cleaner Production 188, no. : 125-135.

Journal article
Published: 21 June 2018 in Local Environment
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Public engagement in local environmental planning and decision-making is often advocated on various grounds, both instrumental and normative. Yet in developed countries in the context of renewable energy infrastructure deployment, place attachment, place identity and place-protective action continue to be implicated in public objection. We set out an interdisciplinary change readiness hypothesis of specifically how local participatory scenario or visioning processes that include climate mitigation measures may support the mobilisation of place attachment for climate mitigation, including renewable energy deployment. We hypothesise that local visioning may support movement towards change readiness by helping to anchor unfamiliar social representations of low carbon energy infrastructure and new patterns of urban form in existing, more positive representations of localities and associated attachments. To this end, seeking ways to modify threat perceptions relating to climate change and renewable energy infrastructure is advocated as a key direction for study.

ACS Style

Paul Upham; Katinka Johansen; Paula Maria Bögel; Stephen Axon; Jennifer Garard; Sebastian Carney. Harnessing place attachment for local climate mitigation? Hypothesising connections between broadening representations of place and readiness for change. Local Environment 2018, 23, 912 -919.

AMA Style

Paul Upham, Katinka Johansen, Paula Maria Bögel, Stephen Axon, Jennifer Garard, Sebastian Carney. Harnessing place attachment for local climate mitigation? Hypothesising connections between broadening representations of place and readiness for change. Local Environment. 2018; 23 (9):912-919.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paul Upham; Katinka Johansen; Paula Maria Bögel; Stephen Axon; Jennifer Garard; Sebastian Carney. 2018. "Harnessing place attachment for local climate mitigation? Hypothesising connections between broadening representations of place and readiness for change." Local Environment 23, no. 9: 912-919.

Journal article
Published: 25 April 2018 in Energy Research & Social Science
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Most Latin-American countries have undergone policy reforms in their Energy Sector during the last 60 years. In Paraguay, despite several attempts at introducing policy innovations, the organisation of the sector has remained virtually unchanged. Why have attempts at introducing policy changes failed? While crucial for the countrýs development and the future of the regions’ energy sector, there has been little academic study of Paraguay’s energy policy-making processes. This paper presents an account of how the politics have influenced the current state of energy policy in Paraguay through the lens of Kingdon’s multiple streams approach (MSA). The analysis suggests that battle for political power, as well as changes in government, have played a key role in hampering change during the period under study, weakening the efforts of policy entrepreneurs. The absence of Kingdon’s conditions for policy change also offers a way of understanding sociotechnical ‘regime resistance’. In terms of policy implications where institutional change is an objective, the case implies a need to empower policy entrepreneurs, here including the Vice Minister of Mines and Energy via the creation of a dedicated Ministry for Energy.

ACS Style

Cecilia Llamosas; Paul Upham; Gerardo Blanco. Multiple streams, resistance and energy policy change in Paraguay (2004–2014). Energy Research & Social Science 2018, 42, 226 -236.

AMA Style

Cecilia Llamosas, Paul Upham, Gerardo Blanco. Multiple streams, resistance and energy policy change in Paraguay (2004–2014). Energy Research & Social Science. 2018; 42 ():226-236.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cecilia Llamosas; Paul Upham; Gerardo Blanco. 2018. "Multiple streams, resistance and energy policy change in Paraguay (2004–2014)." Energy Research & Social Science 42, no. : 226-236.